AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearKey Terms
Mike Lillis Leaked memo: Dems told to 'lead from behind' with Black Lives Matter 2016 The Hill 4540489 (August 31, 2016) Democratic campaign officials advised House candidates to limit the number of Black Lives Matter activists at public events and promise no support for concrete policy positions as lawmakers hit the campaign trail late last year, according to newly leaked documents. 2016 Most Relevant
Mike Lillis Leaked memo: Dems told to 'lead from behind' with Black Lives Matter 2016 The Hill 4540489 (August 31, 2016) Democratic campaign officials advised House candidates to limit the number of Black Lives Matter activists at public events and promise no support for concrete policy positions as lawmakers hit the campaign trail late last year, according to newly leaked documents. 2016 Most Relevant
  Movement for Black Lives issues policy demands for black immigrants (August 2, 2016) An extensive policy platform released Monday by the Movement for Black Lives, a coalition of racial justice advocacy groups, includes a section demanding an end to the war on black immigrants 2016 Most Relevant
  Movement for Black Lives issues policy demands for black immigrants (August 2, 2016) An extensive policy platform released Monday by the Movement for Black Lives, a coalition of racial justice advocacy groups, includes a section demanding an end to the war on black immigrants 2016 Most Relevant
Donald F. Tibbs OF LAW AND BLACK LIVES, 50 YEARS LATER: RACE AND POLICING IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE MOYNIHAN REPORT 8 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 85 (Spring, 2016) There is a quest for the Negro, the Negro is in demand, one cannot get along without him, he is needed, but only if he is made palatable in a certain way. Frantz Fanon America is free to choose whether the Negro shall remain her liability or become her opportunity. Gunnar Myrdal An American Dilemma The title of the Journal's Symposium, The 50... 2016 Most Relevant
Donald F. Tibbs OF LAW AND BLACK LIVES, 50 YEARS LATER: RACE AND POLICING IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE MOYNIHAN REPORT 8 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 85 (Spring, 2016) There is a quest for the Negro, the Negro is in demand, one cannot get along without him, he is needed, but only if he is made palatable in a certain way. Frantz Fanon America is free to choose whether the Negro shall remain her liability or become her opportunity. Gunnar Myrdal An American Dilemma The title of the Journal's Symposium, The 50... 2016 Most Relevant
Jasmine Adams REACTION TO: OF LAW AND BLACK LIVES, 50 YEARS LATER: RACE AND POLICING IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE MOYNIHAN REPORT 8 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 99 (Spring, 2016) The notion that history has the potential to repeat itself rings throughout Donald Tibbs' piece concerning the dynamic between race and policing in the United States. Tibbs tracks how black lives have been treated within the U.S. legal system and subsequently by police officers throughout history. In particular, Tibbs asserts two major points: (1)... 2016 Most Relevant
Jasmine Adams REACTION TO: OF LAW AND BLACK LIVES, 50 YEARS LATER: RACE AND POLICING IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE MOYNIHAN REPORT 8 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 99 (Spring, 2016) The notion that history has the potential to repeat itself rings throughout Donald Tibbs' piece concerning the dynamic between race and policing in the United States. Tibbs tracks how black lives have been treated within the U.S. legal system and subsequently by police officers throughout history. In particular, Tibbs asserts two major points: (1)... 2016 Most Relevant
Anupam Chander THE FIRST AMENDMENT AS KILLER APP 7 Case Western Reserve Journal of Law, Technology & the Internet 1 (2016) It's not just Black Lives Matter. It's #BlackLivesMatter. The hashtag is silent. The protests that swept the nation last year began through Facebook and Twitter, organized via a hashtag. The hashtag allowed individuals who did not know each other to learn, share, and debate, without requiring any intermediation by the traditional media. The hashtag... 2016 Most Relevant
Sunita Patel TOWARD DEMOCRATIC POLICE REFORM: A VISION FOR "COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT" PROVISIONS IN DOJ CONSENT DECREES 51 Wake Forest Law Review 793 (Fall, 2016) The shooting of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed Black teenager in Florida, led three Black women to create #BlackLivesMatter. That hashtag has since become synonymous with a movement that condemns police violence and stands for the dignity and value of Black lives. Black Lives Matter has renewed discussion amongst academics, policy makers, think tanks,... 2016 Most Relevant
Nicole D. Porter UNFINISHED PROJECT OF CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE ERA OF MASS INCARCERATION AND THE MOVEMENT FOR BLACK LIVES 6 Wake Forest Journal of Law and Policy 1 (February, 2016) The American criminal justice system has been dominated by relentless growth for the last forty years. The culture of punishment, in part driven by political interests leveraging tough on crime policies and practices marketed as the solution to the fear of crime, has been implemented at every stage of the criminal justice process: arresting,... 2016 Most Relevant
Nicole D. Porter UNFINISHED PROJECT OF CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE ERA OF MASS INCARCERATION AND THE MOVEMENT FOR BLACK LIVES 6 Wake Forest Journal of Law and Policy 1 (February, 2016) The American criminal justice system has been dominated by relentless growth for the last forty years. The culture of punishment, in part driven by political interests leveraging tough on crime policies and practices marketed as the solution to the fear of crime, has been implemented at every stage of the criminal justice process: arresting,... 2016 Most Relevant
Andrew Chongseh Kim WHEN THE APOCALYPSE COMES, WILL ANYTHING CHANGE?: GAY MARRIAGE, BLACK LIVES MATTER, AND THE RULE OF LAW 3 Savannah Law Review 57 (2016) Guess the world changed.--T-Dog No, it's the same as it ever was: the weak get taken.--Guillermo Most conceptions of life after the apocalypse, be it nuclear, zombie, natural disaster, or otherwise, are dominated by a single image: lawlessness. After society collapses, the rule of law ceases to function. Whether one person owns a particular house... 2016 Most Relevant
Andrew Chongseh Kim WHEN THE APOCALYPSE COMES, WILL ANYTHING CHANGE?: GAY MARRIAGE, BLACK LIVES MATTER, AND THE RULE OF LAW 3 Savannah Law Review 57 (2016) Guess the world changed.--T-Dog No, it's the same as it ever was: the weak get taken.--Guillermo Most conceptions of life after the apocalypse, be it nuclear, zombie, natural disaster, or otherwise, are dominated by a single image: lawlessness. After society collapses, the rule of law ceases to function. Whether one person owns a particular house... 2016 Most Relevant
Gregory S. Parks , Matthew W. Hughey "A CHOICE OF WEAPONS": THE X-MEN AND THE METAPHOR FOR APPROACHES TO RACIAL EQUALITY 92 Indiana Law Journal Supplement 1 (2016) We are at a crossroads in American history when we as a nation must decide a path toward racial equality. It is a crossroads that we have come to in the past, primarily in the 1960s and 1970s (i.e., civil rights or black power, peace or violence, etc.). It is a narrative that has been told for decades in the comic book The X-Men. This comic book as... 2016  
Elise Holtzman "I AM CAIT," BUT IT'S NONE OF YOUR BUSINESS: THE PROBLEM OF INVASIVE TRANSGENDER POLICIES AND A FOURTH AMENDMENT SOLUTION 68 Florida Law Review 1943 (November, 2016) Transgender people constitute a distinct minority with unique legal battles. There is a widespread societal misunderstanding of what it means to be transgender that results in treating the transgender community the same as their lesbian, gay, and members of bisexual counterparts. This misunderstanding is even more prevalent in the legal context,... 2016  
Christina Swarns "I CAN'T BREATHE!": A CENTURY OLD CALL FOR JUSTICE 46 Seton Hall Law Review 1021 (2016) I Can't Breathe. 1023 Hands Up, Don't Shoot. 1028 Black Lives Matter. 1030 2016  
Rhonda V. Magee "IF YOU PLANT CORN, YOU GET CORN": ON MINDFULNESS AND RACIAL JUSTICE IN FLORIDA AND BEYOND 90-APR Florida Bar Journal 36 (April, 2016) Before Sandra Bland's questionable stop while on her way to start a new job at her alma mater and mysterious death in police custody in Mississippi; before Eric Garner's killing for selling loosees (single cigarettes) in front of a corner store on Long Island; and before Michael Brown's killing and horrifyingly public on-street display in... 2016  
Rebecca Sharpless "IMMIGRANTS ARE NOT CRIMINALS": RESPECTABILITY, IMMIGRATION REFORM, AND HYPERINCARCERATION 53 Houston Law Review 691 (Winter 2016) Mainstream pro-immigrant law reformers advocate for better treatment of immigrants by invoking a contrast with people convicted of a crime. This Article details the harms and limitations of a conceptual framework for immigration reform that draws its narrative force from a contrast with people-- citizens and noncitizens--who have been convicted of... 2016  
André Douglas Pond Cummings "LORD FORGIVE ME, BUT HE TRIED TO KILL ME": PROPOSING SOLUTIONS TO THE UNITED STATES' MOST VEXING RACIAL CHALLENGES 23 Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice 3 (Fall, 2016) C1-3Table of Contents I. Introduction. 4 II. Our Most Vexing and Persistent Racial Challenges. 8 A. Police Killing of Unarmed Black Men. 10 B. Racially Disparate Mass Incarceration. 13 C. Violent Homicide of African American Young Men and Boys. 18 III. Proposing Solutions to our Most Vexing and Persistent Racial Challenges. 23 A. Ending the Police... 2016  
Lindsay Pérez Huber "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!": DONALD TRUMP, RACIST NATIVISM AND THE VIRULENT ADHERENCE TO WHITE SUPREMACY AMID U.S. DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE 10 Charleston Law Review 215 (Fall, 2016) I. INTRODUCTION. 215 II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK. 217 III. MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!. 222 IV. VOTE FOR WHITE SUPREMACY!. 229 V. SHIFTING U.S. DEMOGRAPHICS (AND RESPONSES). 232 VI. CONCLUSION. 239 VII. EPILOGUE: MAKE AMERICA SAFE AGAIN. 244 2016  
Mae C. Quinn "POST-FERGUSON" SOCIAL ENGINEERING: PROBLEM-SOLVING JUSTICE OR JUST POSTURING 59 Howard Law Journal 739 (Spring 2016) INTRODUCTION. 739 I. INTERROGATING NEW CHANGE AGENTS, CORRECTIVE AGENCIES, AND THEIR AGENDAS. 742 II. PROBING PROFFERED THEORIES: RESTORATIVE, PROCEDURAL AND THERAPEUTIC JUSTICE. 753 III. CRITICALLY CONSIDERING PROBLEM-SOLVING COURTS AS THE SOLUTION. 758 CONCLUSION. 764 2016  
Nnennaya Amuchie "THE FORGOTTEN VICTIMS" HOW RACIALIZED GENDER STEREOTYPES LEAD TO POLICE VIOLENCE AGAINST BLACK WOMEN AND GIRLS: INCORPORATING AN ANALYSIS OF POLICE VIOLENCE INTO FEMINIST JURISPRUDENCE AND COMMUNITY ACTIVISM 14 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 617 (Spring, 2016) For all the Black girls and women who never had a chance to live in a world free from violence. --Nnennaya Amuchie Last year, thousands of young people gathered around the world in solidarity with Ferguson, Missouri, after police officers killed Michael Brown, an unarmed 18-year-old Black teenager. Following Michael Brown's death, police officers... 2016  
Bryan Adamson "THUGS," "CROOKS," AND "REBELLIOUS NEGROES": RACIST AND RACIALIZED MEDIA COVERAGE OF MICHAEL BROWN AND THE FERGUSON DEMONSTRATIONS 32 Harvard Journal on Racial & Ethnic Justice 189 (Spring, 2016) At approximately 1:30 p.m. CST on August 9, 2014, when the news broke of a shooting in Ferguson, Missouri, one disturbing picture was the first still image most of us saw. A Black male body is lying face down on the street. The picture is foregrounded by the familiar yellow POLICE LINE DO NOT CROSS barrier tape. One need not cross to see what is... 2016  
Stephanie Francis Ward #ATTENTION 102-DEC ABA Journal 28 (December, 2016) FEW PEOPLE OUTSIDE OF ACADEMIA are familiar with intersectionality. But many understand--and embrace--the hashtag #blackgirlsmatter, which is a more descriptive way to point out that some people who experience oppression have multiple social categorizations and frequently are forgotten in social justice movements. The African American Policy Forum,... 2016  
Kiran Sidhu A CALL FOR MINORITY INVOLVEMENT IN CYBERSECURITY LEGISLATION REFORM AND CIVIL RIGHTS PROTESTS: LESSONS FROM THE ANTI-SOPA/DEMONSTRATIONS 38 Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal (COMM/ENT) 117 (Winter 2016) I. Introduction: Remembering Bloody Sunday and COINTELPRO Surveillance and Its Connection to the Black Lives Matter Movement. 118 II. An Overview of CISPA: Surveillance in the Name of Cybersecurity With Technology Company Assistance. 122 A. Examples of Increased Surveillance During Black Lives Matter Protests. 126 III. We Should Not Rely on... 2016  
Eleanor G. Jolley , Tim Donahue, Sr. A CURSORY OVERVIEW TO SECTION 1983 AS IT APPLIES TO VIOLATIONS OF THE FOURTH AND EIGHTH AMENDMENTS 39 American Journal of Trial Advocacy 517 (Spring, 2016) This Article addresses the essential components of a civil claim brought under the guise of Section 1983 and focuses on the procedural aspects involved in both, filing and defending a Section 1983 claim. This Article serves as a basis and foundation for in-depth and thorough review of the pertinent legal issues involved in Section 1983 litigation.... 2016  
Reginald Leamon Robinson A DARK SECRET TOO SCANDALOUS TO CONFRONT: DID THE MOYNIHAN REPORT IMPLY THAT POOR BLACK CAREGIVERS' PARENTING STYLE AND CHILDHOOD CRUELTIES WERE STRONGLY CORRELATED WITH SELF-PERPETUATING PATHOLOGIES? 8 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 103 (Spring, 2016) The resistance to seeing the pain of deprived neglected, or abused children has a long history. All psychopathology constitutes primary or secondary disorders of bonding or attachment and manifests itself as disorders of self- and/or interactional regulation. In 1965 or today, any existential murder of a child, especially in the earliest years of... 2016  
Lisa P. Ramsey A FREE SPEECH RIGHT TO TRADEMARK PROTECTION? 106 The Trademark Reporter 797 (September-October, 2016) Many governments refuse to register and protect as trademarks certain categories of words or symbols that are offensive to members of the public. For example, Section 2(a) of the Lanham Act--the federal trademark law in the United States--bans registration of trademarks which are immoral or scandalous, or which may disparage people, institutions,... 2016  
Lauren Brauer ACADEMIC CONNECTION: LESSONS IN CENSORSHIP: HOW SCHOOLS AND COURTS SUBVERT STUDENTS' FIRST AMENDMENT RIGHTS 36 Children's Legal Rights Journal 222 (2016) It can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate. Justice Fortas wrote these words in Tinker v. Des Moines, a Supreme Court case regarding students' First Amendment Rights. In this seminal case, two students wore black armbands to school in order... 2016  
Bruce A. Green ACCESS TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE: WHERE ARE THE PROSECUTORS? 3 Texas A&M Law Review 515 (Spring 2016) When the organized bar talks about access to justice, it tends to look exclusively at civil justice and to emphasize the need for lawyers in civil cases. This overlooks criminal justice and the essential role of lawyers in working to secure it. When the organized bar promotes criminal justice, it is typically circumspect about prosecutors'... 2016  
Burt Neuborne , Bebe Anderson , Peggy Cooper Davis , Richard Blum ACHIEVING RESULTS - LESSONS FROM CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTS: TRANSCRIPT 19 NYU Journal of Legislation and Public Policy 509 (2016) This panel contextualized the LGBTQIA movement as one of a number of attempts to use courts, legislatures, organizing, and other means of advocacy to achieve social change. The panel facilitated a conversation among experts on different social-change movements--including those for racial, gender, and economic equality--to examine how these other... 2016  
Elise C. Boddie ADAPTIVE DISCRIMINATION 94 North Carolina Law Review 1235 (May, 2016) This Article critiques the assumption in constitutional law that racial discrimination is siloed, static, and time limited. It argues instead that discrimination is systemic, dynamic, and intergenerational due to its adaptive nature. The Article sets forth a theory of adaptive discrimination--that discrimination adapts to law and to social norms... 2016  
Benjamin Lowndes , Sharon Press ALLY-SHIP AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION PRACTITIONERS: A CONTINUUM 42 Mitchell Hamline Law Review 1572 (2016) I. Introduction: How We Got Here. 1573 A. Sharon Press. 1573 B. Benjamin Lowndes. 1578 C. Together. 1580 II. Ally-Ship. 1581 A. Definitions of Ally-ship. 1581 B. Snapshots of Ally-ship. 1581 1. Abraham Joshua Heschel. 1581 2. Same-Sex Marriage Statutes. 1582 3. Minnesota Advertisement. 1583 III. Conflict Resolution Practitioners as Allies. 1584 A.... 2016  
Khaled A. Beydoun, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Detroit Mercy School of Law; Affiliated Faculty, University of California, Berkeley Islamophobia Research and Documentation Project AMERICA, ISLAM, AND CONSTITUTIONALISM: MUSLIM AMERICAN POVERTY AND THE MOUNTING POLICE STATE 31 Journal of Law and Religion 279 (November, 2016) The Cambridge Companion to American Islam. Edited by Julianne Hammer and Omar Safi. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013. Pp. 386. $34.99 (paper). ISBN: 9780521175524. On the Muslim Question. By Anne Norton. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013. Pp. 288. $28.99 (cloth). ISBN: 978-0691157047. What Is an American Muslim? Embracing Faith... 2016  
Jessica DuBois , Sharon Press AN INTENTIONAL CONVERSATION ABOUT PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT AND DECISION-MAKING: MOVING FROM DYSFUNCTION AND POLARIZATION TO DIALOGUE AND UNDERSTANDING 42 Mitchell Hamline Law Review 1439 (2016) The Dispute Resolution Institute (DRI) was founded in 1991 under the leadership of Bobbi McAdoo and its first symposium, Moving to the Next Level in Transformative Mediation: Practice, Research and Policy, was held in 1999. Over the course of the next sixteen years, DRI developed and refined a particular methodology for its symposia, captured by... 2016  
  Around the Nation 18 Student Discipline Law Bulletin 4 (October 1, 2016) The superintendent of the Buckeye Union School District apologized to a student and her mother for prohibiting her from wearing a Black Lives Matter shirt to school. The student, M.H., wore a Black Lives Matter T-shirt to school and was harassed by other students, who told her Black lives dont matter, and that shirt is meaningless. She told... 2016  
  Around The Nation 33 Law Enforcement Employment Bulletin 7 (September 1, 2016) The California Board of State and Community Corrections (BSCC) has awarded the Long Beach Police Department $600,000 in funding, which will go toward bolstering relationships between the police and the local community, reported Gazettes recently. For instance, the grant money will be applied toward initiatives focused on building trust and... 2016  
Patricia J. Williams BABIES, BODIES AND BUYERS 33 Columbia Journal of Gender and Law 11 (2016) In the thirty-five years since I began my career in legal education, much about the status of women, gender and sexuality has changed. There are the obvious triumphs: more female students, faculty and deans--as well as more bathrooms for more kinds of people than just men. Life is less lonely now, and conversation more intersectional. There is... 2016  
Khaled A. Beydoun BETWEEN INDIGENCE, ISLAMOPHOBIA, AND ERASURE: POOR AND MUSLIM IN "WAR ON TERROR" AMERICA 104 California Law Review 1463 (December, 2016) Nearly half of the Muslim American population is interlocked between indigence and Islamophobia, or anti-Muslim animus. Of the estimated eight million Muslim Americans, 45 percent of this population earns a household income less than $30,000 per year. While this statistic clashes with pervasive stereotyping of Muslim Americans as middle class,... 2016  
Lauren M. Ouziel BEYOND LAW AND FACT: JURY EVALUATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT 92 Notre Dame Law Review 691 (December, 2016) Criminal trials today are as much about the adequacy and legitimacy of the defendant's accusers--police and prosecutors--as the alleged deeds of the accused. Yet we lack theory to conceptualize this reality, doctrine to set its parameters, and institutional mechanisms to adapt to it. The traditional framework used by courts and scholars to... 2016  
Kayleigh E. Butterfield BEYOND THE FIRST AMENDMENT: BROADER PROTECTIONS FOR A CITIZEN'S RIGHT TO RECORD 51 Wake Forest Law Review 1203 (Winter 2016) I can't breathe. I can't breathe. I can't breathe. For members of the public paying even the slightest bit of attention to the news over the past few years, those words are immediately recognizable as the last words of forty-three-year-old Eric Garner. In a video released mere days after the actual incident, police officers can be seen talking to... 2016  
Nancy E. Dowd BLACK BOYS MATTER: DEVELOPMENTAL EQUALITY 45 Hofstra Law Review 47 (Fall, 2016) [T]he question of how one should live within a black body, within a country lost in the Dream, is the question of my life .. --Ta-Nehisi Coates The American Dream is one of equality and opportunity; the ability to succeed and be whoever and whatever one wants to be, limited only by one's own drive and talent. But for Black boys, this is not the... 2016  
  Black caucus issues call to action (July 8, 2016) Black Democrats on Capitol Hill are pressing Republicans and the White House to take greater steps to rein in gun violence following a string of high-profile shootings this week, all involving police. 2016  
R.A. Lenhardt BLACK CITIZENSHIP THROUGH MARRIAGE? REFLECTIONS ON THE MOYNIHAN REPORT AT FIFTY 25 Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 347 (Spring 2016) I. Introduction: Black Citizenship Through Marriage? II. Unpacking The Moynihan Report's Account of Marriage and Black Citizenship III. Black Marriage inequality in the Age of Obergefell IV. Why NonmaritaL Black Families Matter V. Conclusion: The Place of Black Families in the New Movement for Civil Rights What are the necessary conditions for full... 2016  
M Adams , Max Rameau BLACK COMMUNITY CONTROL OVER POLICE 2016 Wisconsin Law Review 515 (2016) The Moment: From Uprising to Organizing. 515 I. Principles & Objectives. 518 II. Analysis. 520 A. Root Issue Versus Surface Issue. 520 B. Domestic Colonies: The Police as an Occupying Force. 521 C. Racial Prejudice Is Not the Problem. 524 1. Individual Racist Police. 524 2. End the Occupation and Shift Power. 525 III. The Proposition. 528 A. A... 2016  
Andrea L. Dennis BLACK CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, RESOURCE MOBILIZATION, AND BLACK MUSICAL ACTIVISM 79 Law and Contemporary Problems 29 (2016) In the last few years a grassroots social movement has emerged from the Black community. This movement aims to eliminate police and vigilante violence against Blacks nationwide. Blacks in America have long been subjected to this violence, and the issue has recently captured the country's attention. Multiple groups are pressing for change, including... 2016  
Alexander Bolton Black Democrats to Obama: Pick Lynch for Supreme Court 2016 The Hill 777235 (February 27, 2016) Black lawmakers in Congress are urging President Obama to make history by nominating Attorney General Loretta Lynch to the Supreme Court. 2016  
Mary Crossley BLACK HEALTH MATTERS: DISPARITIES, COMMUNITY HEALTH, AND INTEREST CONVERGENCE 22 Michigan Journal of Race and Law 53 (Fall, 2016) Health disparities represent a significant strand in the fabric of racial injustice in the United States, one that has proven exceptionally durable. Many millions of dollars have been invested in addressing racial disparities over the past three decades. Researchers have identified disparities, unpacked their causes, and tracked their trajectories,... 2016  
Devon W. Carbado BLUE-ON-BLACK VIOLENCE: A PROVISIONAL MODEL OF SOME OF THE CAUSES 104 Georgetown Law Journal 1479 (August, 2016) This Article offers a theoretical model that explains the persistence of what I will call blue-on-black violence. Six features comprise the model. First, a variety of social forces converge to make African-Americans vulnerable to ongoing police surveillance and contact. Second, the frequency of this surveillance and contact exposes African... 2016  
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