| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | Gender in title or Summary | Ethnicity Identified in Title |
| Lisa Kelly |
If Anybody Asks You Who I Am: an Outsider's Story of the Duty to Establish Paternity |
3 American University Journal of Gender & the Law 247 (Spring, 1995) |
When Minerva looked into the face of her child asleep beside her in the bed, she saw peace, she saw freshness, she saw the world the way it should be. Contentment slept in Kiji's lips, pink brown lips closed loosely like a small bow. In the curl of her lashes rested hope. In her balled fists, strength and vulnerability. Minerva hated to wake her....; Search Snippet: ...297 (1994) . Originally presented at The American University Journal of Gender & the Law symposium Gender, Family and Change: Developments in the Legal Regulation of Family... |
1997 |
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| Tonya M. Evans |
In the Title Ix Race Toward Gender Equity , the Black Female Athlete Is Left to Finish Last: the Lack of Access for the "Invisible Woman." |
42 Howard Law Journal 105 (Fall, 1998) |
Although each of us is defined by race and gender, those of us who are neither white nor male often experience invisibility as a result of our dual subordinate status.... Black women have been disproportionately located at the lower end of the economic hierarchy and, therefore, have been unable to afford private golf, swimming, or tennis lessons....; Search Snippet: ...Journal Fall, 1998 Comment IN THE TITLE IX RACE TOWARD GENDER EQUITY [FN1] , THE BLACK FEMALE ATHLETE IS LEFT TO FINISH... |
1997 |
Yes |
Multiple Groups |
| Kitt Janco Foster |
J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: Gender-based Peremptory Challenges |
1995 Detroit College of Law Review 819 (Summer, 1995) |
J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel. T.B. addresses the issue of gender discrimination in the jury selection process by use of peremptory challenges. Though the United States Supreme Court had previously decided in Batson v. Kentucky that the use of peremptory challenges, to eliminate people from the jury based solely on race, was in violation of the Equal...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 1995 Casenote J.E.B. v. ALABAMA EX REL. T.B.: GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES Kitt Janco Foster Copyright (c) 1995 by... |
1997 |
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| Stacey L. Wichterman |
J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: Gender-based Peremptory Challenges on Trial |
16 Northern Illinois University Law Review 209 (Fall, 1995) |
Why do we love this trial by jury? Because it prevents the hand of oppression from cutting you off. The American public is captivated by every aspect of jury trials, from their initial stages to the verdict and sentencing, and all phases in-between. So fascinated are we with the American way of justice, that a cable-access television network...; Search Snippet: ...Review Fall, 1995 Casenote J.E.B. v. ALABAMA EX REL. T.B.: GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES ON TRIAL Stacey L. Wichterman Copyright ©... |
1997 |
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| Kate Nace Day , Russell G. Murphy |
Just Trying to Be Human in this Place: Storytelling and Film in the First-year Law School Classroom |
39 Stetson Law Review 247 (Fall 2009) |
Law school reform is in the air. -- Susan Sturm & Lani Guinier The plain fact is that American legal education, and especially its formative first year, remains remarkably similar to the curriculum invented at the Harvard Law School by Christopher Columbus Langdell over a century and a quarter ago. Invented, that is, not just before the Internet,...; Search Snippet: ...FN156] as one of the angry white mob strikes an African- American male reporter on the head with a brick. The lesson of... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Robert Nelson |
Law, Markets, and Gender Inequality in Pay |
10 Berkeley Women's Law Journal 61 (1995) |
In 1983, Judge Tanner of the Federal District Court of Western Washington handed the pay equity movement its largest legal victory. In American Federation of State, County, & Municipal Employees v. Washington, the court found that the State of Washington had discriminated against workers in predominantly female jobs and awarded the plaintiffs a...; Search Snippet: ...Women's Law Journal 1995 Symposium Panel Discussion LAW, MARKETS, AND GENDER INEQUALITY IN PAY Robert Nelson [FNd] Copyright (c) 1995 Berkeley... |
1997 |
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| Lewis A. Kornhauser , Richard L. Revesz |
Legal Education and Entry into the Legal Profession: the Role of Race, Gender, and Educational Debt |
70 New York University Law Review 829 (October, 1995) |
Debt burden is routinely cited as the major force driving law school graduates to choose private practice over careers in government or other public-interest settings. In an effort to counter that force and level the playing field with regard to career choice, many law schools have developed loan repayment assistance programs. In this Article,...; Search Snippet: ...AND ENTRY INTO THE LEGAL PROFESSION: THE ROLE OF RACE, GENDER, AND EDUCATIONAL DEBT Lewis A. Kornhauser [FNa] Richard L. Revesz... |
1997 |
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| Celia M. Ruiz, J.D. |
Legal Standards Regarding Gender Equity and Affirmative Action |
100 West's Education Law Reporter 841 (August, 1995) |
Public educational institutions and entities have an affirmative duty under federal law to eliminate the pernicious vestiges of racial and sexual discrimination in every aspect of their programs, including the area of employment. This duty stems from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and from decisions of the United States Supreme Court....; Search Snippet: ...West's Education Law Reporter August, 1995 Commentary LEGAL STANDARDS REGARDING GENDER EQUITY AND AFFIRMATIVE ACTION [FNa] Celia M. Ruiz , J.D. [Fnaa... |
1997 |
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| George P. Choundas |
Neither Equal Nor Protected: the Invisible Law of Equal Protection, the Legal Invisibility of its Gender-based Victims |
44 Emory Law Journal 1069 (Summer, 1995) |
We disagree with the trial court's assessment [that ORS 106.155 is unconstitutional in that it denies equal protection of laws in that it gives greater protection to a victim who is assaulted because of his race, color, religion, or national origin than to another person who is assaulted for some other reason.] The statute does not offer more...; Search Snippet: ...INVISIBLE LAW OF EQUAL PROTECTION, THE LEGAL INVISIBILITY OF ITS GENDER-BASED VICTIMS George P. Choundas [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1995 by... |
1997 |
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| Kim Shayo Buchanan |
Our Prisons, Ourselves: Race, Gender and the Rule of Law |
29 Yale Law and Policy Review 1 (Fall 2010) |
Introduction. 2 I. The Prison Rape Narrative. 12 II. Real Men vs. Sissies: The Heterosexual Defense. 23 A. The Legal Response to Sexual Abuse in Prison. 23 1. Underenforcement. 25 2. Be a man. Stand up and fight. . 29 3. You're gay. You must have liked it. . 32 B. Dominance and Sexuality: Making Men. 37 1. Masculinities and the Social Meaning...; Search Snippet: ...and Policy Review Fall 2010 Article OUR PRISONS, OURSELVES: RACE, GENDER AND THE RULE OF LAW Kim Shayo Buchanan [FNa1] Copyright... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Kamille Wolff |
Out of Many, One People; E Pluribus Unum: an Analysis of Self-identity in the Context of Race, Ethnicity, and Culture |
18 American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy and the Law 747 (2010) |
I. Introduction. 748 II. Self-Identity and Ethnicity. 750 A. Self-Identity Viewed Through the Immigrant Lens. 750 B. Self-Identity and Nationality. 752 C. Self-Identity in the Shape of Ethnic Consciousness. 756 III. Self-Identity and Culture. 764 A. Music as Cultural Expression. 764 1. Reggae and Reggaetón. 764 2. The Hip Hop Movement. 768 IV....; Search Snippet: ...31, 2010) (describing the Jamaican Coat of Arms as a male and female flanking a shield). See generally Helen I. Safa... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| By Mary K. O'Melveny |
Playing the "Gender" Card: Affirmative Action and Working Women |
84 Kentucky Law Journal 863 (1995-1996) |
Only seventy-five years have passed since women were allowed to vote, and there are still those who would question the need for gender-conscious actions to ensure that women can play an equal role in our nation's political, social, and economic affairs. A mere thirty years after discrimination in employment was formally outlawed by federal...; Search Snippet: ...Quest for Legal, Economic, Political, and Social Equality PLAYING THE GENDER CARD: AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND WORKING WOMEN [FNa] By Mary K... |
1997 |
Yes |
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| Willy E. Rice |
Race, Gender, "Redlining," and the Discriminatory Access to Loans, Credit, and Insurance: an Historical and Empirical Analysis of Consumers Who Sued Lenders and Insurers in Federal and State Courts, 1950-1995 |
33 San Diego Law Review 583 (May-June, 1996) |
A careful review of either privately or publicly assembled economic data discloses two economic truths: (1) Persistent unemployment is likely to develop among members of any racial or socioeconomic group when members of that group are regularly and systematically denied access to capital and credit; and, (2) small businesses--the primary creators...; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW San Diego Law Review May-June, 1996 RACE, GENDER, REDLINING, AND THE DISCRIMINATORY ACCESS TO LOANS, CREDIT, AND INSURANCE... |
1997 |
Yes |
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| Adrienne K. Wheatley |
Race, Gender, and Power in America: the Legacy of the Hillthomas Hearings. Edited by Anita Faye Hill and Emma Coleman Jordan. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 1995. Pp. Xxxii, 302. $25.00. |
19 Harvard Women's Law Journal 328 (Spring, 1996) |
Race, Gender, and Power in America: The Legacy of the Hill-Thomas Hearings offers a series of explanations as to the social, cultural, and historical reasons why the Senate Judiciary Committee's reaction to Anita Hill's accusations of sexual harassment--and its concomitant receptivity to Clarence Thomas--was not only possible, but predictable. The...; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Harvard Women's Law Journal Spring, 1996 Book Review RACE, GENDER, AND POWER IN AMERICA: THE LEGACY OF THE HILLTHOMAS HEARINGS... |
1997 |
Yes |
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Report of the Special Committee on Gender to the D.c. Circuit Task Force on Gender, Race and Ethnic Bias |
84 Georgetown Law Journal 1657 (May, 1996) |
Professor Vicki C. Jackson Professor Susan Deller Ross Georgetown University Law Center Georgetown University Law Center Loretta Collins Argrett Asst. Attorney Genl, Tax Div. U.S. Department of Justice Robert E. Kopp Director, Appellate Staff, Civil Div. U.S. Department of Justice Brenda V. Smith, Esq. National Women's Law Center Anita Barondes,...; Search Snippet: ...May, 1996 Special Section REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON GENDER TO THE D.C. CIRCUIT TASK FORCE ON GENDER, RACE AND ETHNIC BIAS Copyright (c) 1996 by the Georgetown... |
1997 |
Yes |
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Report of the Special Committee on Race and Ethnicity to the D.c. Circuit Task Force on Gender, Race, and Ethnic Bias |
64 George Washington Law Review 189 (January, 1996) |
James E. Coleman, Jr., Esquire Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering Professor Todd D. Peterson George Washington University National Law Center The Honorable Vanessa Ruiz District of Columbia Court of Appeals Joseph M. Sellers, Esquire Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights & Urban Affairs Avis E. Buchanan, Esquire Washington Lawyers' Committee for...; Search Snippet: ...RACE AND ETHNICITY TO THE D.C. CIRCUIT TASK FORCE ON GENDER, RACE, AND ETHNIC BIAS Special Committee on Race and Ethnicity... |
1997 |
Yes |
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| Cullen P. Cowley |
Same-gender Harassment and Homosexuality in Title Vii Sexual Harassment Litigation |
50 Washington University Journal of Urban and Contemporary Law 443 (Fall 1996) |
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) forbids sexual harassment involving victims and harassers of opposite genders. A growing number of Title VII plaintiffs, however, are now alleging same-gender sexual harassment--harassment by supervisors of the same gender as the plaintiff employee. Whether Title VII protects employees from...; Search Snippet: ...of Urban and Contemporary Law Fall 1996 Recent Development SAME- GENDER HARASSMENT AND HOMOSEXUALITY IN TITLE VII SEXUAL HARASSMENT LITIGATION Cullen... |
1997 |
Yes |
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| By Darlene C. Goring |
Silent Beneficiaries: Affirmative Action and Gender in Law School Academic Support Programs |
84 Kentucky Law Journal 941 (1995-1996) |
This Article was developed from a qualitative investigation of racial and gender issues that arise in law school academic support programs. The qualitative investigation initially focused on the pervasiveness of racial and gender discrimination against students and faculty members involved with academic support programs. Sixteen female law students...; Search Snippet: ...Economic, Political, and Social Equality SILENT BENEFICIARIES: AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND GENDER IN LAW SCHOOL ACADEMIC SUPPORT PROGRAMS [FNa] By Darlene C... |
1997 |
Yes |
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| Leti Volpp |
Talking "Culture": Gender, Race, Nation, and the Politics of Multiculturalism |
96 Columbia Law Review 1573 (October, 1996) |
The risks of talking culture are immense. The recent publication of an article by Doriane Lambelet Coleman, Individualizing Justice Through Multiculturalism: The Liberals' Dilemma, in the Columbia Law Review, raises significant questions concerning legal scholarship on the subjects of culture, gender, race, and multiculturalism. Legal academia...; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW Columbia Law Review October, 1996 Essay TALKING CULTURE: GENDER, RACE, NATION, AND THE POLITICS OF MULTICULTURALISM Leti Volpp [Fna... |
1997 |
Yes |
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| Shannon Gilreath |
Tell Your Faggot Friend He Owes Me $500 for My Broken Hand: Thoughts on a Substantive Equality Theory of Free Speech |
44 Wake Forest Law Review 557 (Summer 2009) |
There is a misery of the body and a misery of the mind, and if stars, whenever we looked at them, poured nectar into our mouths, and the grass became bread, we would still be sad. We live in a system that manufactures sorrow, spilling it out of its mill, the waters of sorrow, ocean, storm, and we drown down, dead, too soon. -- Julian Beck, The Life...; Search Snippet: ...nothing of whole segments of the population it excludes--women: men's property then, undervalued and underpaid now; African- Americans: slaves then, disproportionately poor and disenfranchised now; Gay people: totally... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Rucker C. Johnson , Steven Raphael , University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Berkeley |
The Effects of Male Incarceration Dynamics on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Infection Rates among African American Women and Men |
52 Journal of Law & Economics 251 (May, 2009) |
This paper investigates the connection between incarceration dynamics and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection rates, with particular emphasis on the black-white AIDS rate disparity. Using case-level U.S. data spanning 1982-96, we model the dynamic relationship between AIDS infection rates and the proportion of men in the age-,...; Search Snippet: ...ECONOMICS Journal of Law & Economics May, 2009 THE EFFECTS OF MALE INCARCERATION DYNAMICS ON ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME INFECTION RATES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN AND MEN Rucker C. Johnson [FNa1] University of California, Berkeley Steven Raphael... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Gary LaFree, Christine Rack |
The Effects of Participants' Ethnicity and Gender on Monetary Outcomes in Mediated and Adjudicated Civil Cases |
30 Law and Society Review 767 (1996) |
Researchers and policymakers have long been concerned about the extent to which such sociocultural factors as ethnicity and gender determine access to organizational rewards and constraints within legal systems. Scholars have also wondered whether less formal processes, such as those found in alternative dispute resolution, are especially...; Search Snippet: ...Society Review 1996 Article THE EFFECTS OF PARTICIPANTS' ETHNICITY AND GENDER ON MONETARY OUTCOMES IN MEDIATED AND ADJUDICATED CIVIL CASES Gary... |
1997 |
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| Patricia Hagler Minter |
The Failure of Freedom: Class, Gender, and the Evolution of Segregated Transit Law in the Nineteenth-century South |
70 Chicago-Kent Law Review 993 (1995) |
On August 27, 1881, the Reverend W. H. Gray, a black Baptist minister travelling to Cincinnati from his home in Lexington, Kentucky, purchased roundtrip first-class tickets over the Cincinnati Southern Railway. His wife Silena and their small child accompanied him. Their trip to Cincinnati proved uneventful; on their return, however, the brakeman...; Search Snippet: ...Personal Liberty and Private Law THE FAILURE OF FREEDOM: CLASS, GENDER, AND THE EVOLUTION OF SEGREGATED TRANSIT LAW IN THE NINETEENTH... |
1997 |
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| Samuel Vincent Jones |
The Invisible Man: the Conscious Neglect of Men and Boys in the War on Human Trafficking |
2010 Utah Law Review 1143 (2010) |
I am an invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted Edgar Allan Poe . . . . I am a man of substance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids--and I might even be said to possess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me . . . . When they approach me they see only my surroundings, themselves, or figments...; Search Snippet: ...UTAH LAW REVIEW Utah Law Review 2010 Article THE INVISIBLE MAN: THE CONSCIOUS NEGLECT OF MEN AND BOYS IN THE WAR ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING Samuel Vincent Jones [FNa1... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Tracey Meares |
The Legitimacy of Police among Young African-american Men |
92 Marquette Law Review 651 (Summer 2009) |
Introduction by Dean Joseph D. Kearney It is a privilege for me to introduce the George and Margaret Barrock Lecture. Permit me to begin by saying a few words about the individuals in whose memory this lecture stands. While I would do this in any event, it is especially appropriate to do so this year, for this is the inaugural Barrock Lecture....; Search Snippet: ...School February 19, 2009 THE LEGITIMACY OF POLICE AMONG YOUNG AFRICAN- AMERICAN MEN Tracey Meares [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2009 Marquette Law Review; Tracey... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Deanna L. Wilkinson , Jeffrey Fagan |
The Role of Firearms in Violence "Scripts": the Dynamics of Gun Events among Adolescent Males |
59-WTR Law and Contemporary Problems 55 (Winter 1996) |
In recent years, the use and deadly consequences of gun violence among adolescents has reached epidemic proportions. At a time when national homicide rates are declining, the increasing rates of firearm deaths among teenagers is especially alarming. Deaths of adolescents due to firearm injuries are disproportionately concentrated among nonwhites,...; Search Snippet: ...IN VIOLENCE SCRIPTS: THE DYNAMICS OF GUN EVENTS AMONG ADOLESCENT MALES Deanna L. Wilkinson [FNa] Jeffrey Fagan [FNaa] Copyright (c) 1996... |
1997 |
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| Francisco Valdes |
Unpacking Hetero-patriarchy: Tracing the Conflation of Sex, Gender & Sexual Orientation to its Origins |
8 Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 161 (Winter 1996) |
This Article traces and critiques the early formalization of the Euro-American sex/gender system. It seeks to illuminate the evolution of historical biases in American law and society that continue to dominate and destabilize sex/gender relations. As such, this Article is a prequel -- it provides the origins of a story already partially told...; Search Snippet: ...the Law UNPACKING HETERO-PATRIARCHY: TRACING THE CONFLATION OF SEX, GENDER & SEXUAL ORIENTATION TO ITS ORIGINS Francisco Valdes [FNa] Copyright ©... |
1997 |
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Verdict for Three Men for Officers' False Arrest, Excessive Force |
46-MAR Trial 14 (March, 2010) |
Harold Hammick, Richard Booth, and Alex Clay were returning to their vehicle after a St. Patrick's Day celebration. They were stopped as they got into the vehicle in a parking garage by several police officers, who asked them for identification. Hammick, who had his seat belt on, immediately informed the officers that he was carrying a gun but had...; Search Snippet: ...March, 2010 Verdict and Settlement Civil Rights VERDICT FOR THREE MEN FOR OFFICERS' FALSE ARREST, EXCESSIVE FORCE Copyright © 2010 by the... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Andrea Kupfer Schneider, Sandra Cheldelin, Deborah Kolb |
What Travels: Teaching Gender in Cross Cultural Negotiation Classrooms |
31 Hamline Journal of Public Law and Policy 531 (Spring 2010) |
I am not hindered by my gender; I use it to my advantage--being cute, young and naïve--to get better deals for my clients. (Israeli lawyer) The likeability-competence stereotype doesn't fit the Turkish experience-- the choice of competence is not one women can even consider--all leadership positions are held by men. (Turkish psychologist) How do we...; Search Snippet: ...Policy Spring 2010 Rethinking Negotiation Teaching Project WHAT TRAVELS: TEACHING GENDER IN CROSS CULTURAL NEGOTIATION CLASSROOMS Andrea Kupfer Schneider Sandra Cheldelin... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Rodney K. Smith |
When Ignorance Is Not Bliss: in Search of Racial and Gender Equity in Intercollegiate Athletics |
61 Missouri Law Review 329 (Spring 1996) |
In popular American parlance, we commonly refer to an athlete as a jock. The Random House Unabridged Dictionary notes that the formal definition of jock is a jockstrap. The informal definition, in turn, is an athlete. Using the term jock to describe an athlete certainly has sexist, and perhaps even racial, implications. Given this...; Search Snippet: ...WHEN IGNORANCE IS NOT BLISS: IN SEARCH OF RACIAL AND GENDER EQUITY IN INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS Rodney K. Smith [FNa] Copyright ©... |
1997 |
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| Miriam H. Ruttenberg |
A Feminist Critique of Mandatory Arrest: an Anallysis of Race and Gender in Domestic Violence Policy |
2 American University Journal of Gender & the Law 171 (Spring, 1994) |
Men have beaten their wives and partners for centuries with no retribution from the criminal justice system. Only recently has domestic violence been targeted by the government as a problem warranting criminal sanctions. For example, in the past two decades many states have enacted mandatory arrest statutes. These statutes are designed to send the...; Search Snippet: ...FEMINIST CRITIQUE OF MANDATORY ARREST: AN ANALLYSIS OF RACE AND GENDER IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE POLICY Miriam H. Ruttenberg [FNa1] Copyright ©... |
1996 |
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| Walter B. Connolly, Jr. , Jeffrey D. Adelman |
A University's Defense to a Title Ix Gender Equity in Athletics Lawsuit: Congress Never Intended Gender Equity Based on Student Body Ratios |
71 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 845 (Summer, 1994) |
I. Introduction . 845 II. An Overview of Title IX . 849 III. The Intercollegiate Athletic Provisions of Title IX . 854 IV. OCR's Interpretation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Provisions of Title IX. 856 V. Judicial Interpretations of the Intercollegiate Athletic Provisions of Title IX . 868 VI. University Responses to Title IX Audits and Private...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 1994 A UNIVERSITY'S DEFENSE TO A TITLE IX GENDER EQUITY IN ATHLETICS LAWSUIT: CONGRESS NEVER INTENDED GENDER EQUITY BASED ON STUDENT BODY RATIOS Walter B. Connolly, Jr... |
1996 |
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| Kimberly Jade Norwood |
Adult Complicity in the Dis-education of the Black Male High School Athlete & Societal Failures to Remedy His Plight |
34 Thurgood Marshall Law Review 21 (Fall, 2008) |
This essay is being published in conjunction with a Symposium hosted by the Thurgood Marshall Law School on Education and the Bewilderment of Race. Given the Supreme Court's retreat from what Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Shawnee County, Kansas, et. al, stood for in its 2007 decision in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle...; Search Snippet: ...Article ADULT COMPLICITY IN THE DIS-EDUCATION OF THE BLACK MALE HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETE & SOCIETAL FAILURES TO REMEDY HIS PLIGHT Kimberly... |
1996 |
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African/Black American |
| Peter A. Gaudioso |
Batson's Incomplete Legacy: Gender Discrimination and the Peremptory Challenge |
3 Seton Hall Constitutional Law Journal 475 (Fall, 1993) |
In the seminal case Batson v. Kentucky, the Supreme Court of the United States held that in criminal prosecutions, the state's exercise of peremptory challenges to exclude African-Americans from the jury panel violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Shortly thereafter, in a series of decisions rendered on the heels of...; Search Snippet: ...Hall Constitutional Law Journal Fall, 1993 Comment BATSON'S INCOMPLETE LEGACY: GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND THE PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE Peter A. Gaudioso Copyright ©... |
1996 |
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| Stacy A. Dowling |
Constitutional Law - Fourteenth Amendment -- Equal Protection Clause Prohibits Litigants from Exercising Peremptory Challenges on the Basis of Gender - J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel T.b., 114 S. Ct. 1419 (1994). |
25 Seton Hall Law Review 756 (1994) |
The Supreme Court has historically exalted the peremptory challenge as an important element in achieving a fair and impartial jury trial in both criminal and civil cases. During voir dire, the system gives litigants the opportunity to strike potential jurors in two ways: for cause or peremptorily. Litigants employ the challenge for cause to...; Search Snippet: ...PROHIBITS LITIGANTS FROM EXERCISING PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES ON THE BASIS OF GENDER - J.E.B. V. ALABAMA EX REL T.B., 114 S. CT. 1419... |
1996 |
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| Stacie L. Sanders |
Constitutional Law: Eliminating Gender-based Peremptory Strikes: the End of the Peremptory Challenge? [J.e.b. V. Alabama Ex. Rel. T.b., 114 S.ct. 1419 (1994)] |
34 Washburn Law Journal 193 (Fall, 1994) |
In J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel. T.B., the United States Supreme Court addresses whether the United States Constitution's Equal Protection Clause precludes the State from using peremptory challenges to intentionally discriminate on the basis of gender. In a six-three decision, the United States Supreme Court holds a state actor's intentional gender...; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Washburn Law Journal Fall, 1994 Comment CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: ELIMINATING GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY STRIKES: THE END OF THE PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE? [J.E.B... |
1996 |
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| Edward McGlynn Gaffney, Jr. |
Dead Man Walking: an Eyewitness Account of the Death Penalty in the United States . By Helen Prejean. New York: Vintage Books 1996. Pp. Xi, 276. $13.00. Isbn: 0-679-75131-9. |
16 Journal of Law and Religion 393 (2001) |
Just as popular support for the death penalty in America reached an all time high in the 1990s, both in raw numbers in Texas (opinion polls running as high as 90% in favor of the death penalty in that state) and in intensity of feelings throughout the nation, doubt arose about the rightness of the consensus. In 1995 Pope John Paul II condemned...; Search Snippet: ...RELIGION Journal of Law and Religion 2001 Review Essay DEAD MAN WALKING: AN EYEWITNESS ACCOUNT OF THE DEATH PENALTY IN THE... |
1996 |
Yes |
Hispanic/Latinx American |
| Theresa A. Martinez |
Embracing the Outlaws: Deviance at the Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender |
1994 Utah Law Review 193 (1994) |
I grew up the youngest of twelve children in a Chicano family living in the slums of Albuquerque, New Mexico. My father was an abusive alcoholic. My mother raised the kids by herself both before and after my older brothers kicked my father out of the house. I have memories of when I was a very little girl walking with my mother to the Salvation...; Search Snippet: ...THE OUTLAWS: DEVIANCE AT THE INTERSECTION OF RACE, CLASS, AND GENDER Theresa A. Martinez [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1994 by the Utah... |
1996 |
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| Vicki C. Jackson |
Empiricism, Gender, and Legal Pedagogy: an Experiment in a Federal Courts Seminar at Georgetown University Law Center |
83 Georgetown Law Journal 461 (December, 1994) |
Over the last decade, the organized bench and bar have drawn on the insights of feminist legal theory and sociolegal research techniques to create a fascinating movement. The growing strength of this movement--to inquire into and report on the effects of gender on court systems (and, increasingly, to collaborate in similar inquiries on the effects...; Search Snippet: ...1994 Symposium: Gender, Empiricism, and the Federal Courts Essay EMPIRICISM, GENDER, AND LEGAL PEDAGOGY: AN EXPERIMENT IN A FEDERAL COURTS SEMINAR... |
1996 |
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| Nathaniel R. Jones |
For Black Males and American Society--the Unbalanced Scales of Justice: a Costly Disconnect |
23 Capital University Law Review 1 (1994) |
The disproportionate number of black males in the criminal justice system continues to stir the debate regarding the societal implications of this phenomenon. Fueling and heating the debate is the nation's preoccupation with crime and its proposed remedies. We must not, however, consider this subject in a vacuum. To make an informed contribution to...; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW Capital University Law Review 1994 Essay FOR BLACK MALES AND AMERICAN SOCIETY--THE UNBALANCED SCALES OF JUSTICE: A COSTLY... |
1996 |
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| Jerome G. Miller |
From Social Safety Net to Dragnet: African American Males in the Criminal Justice System |
51 Washington and Lee Law Review 479 (Spring, 1994) |
During the 1980s and 1990s, in the midst of two decades of social neglect, America's white majority presented its inner cities with an expensive gift--a new and improved criminal justice system. This new and improved system would, the government promised, bring domestic tranquility--with particular relevance to African Americans. No expense was...; Search Snippet: ...Race and Criminal Justice FROM SOCIAL SAFETY NET TO DRAGNET: AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Jerome G. Miller [FNa1] Copyright... |
1996 |
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| Donna Hess |
Gender-based Peremptory Challenges: a Bad Remnant of the Historical Discrimination Against Women? |
28 Suffolk University Law Review 63 (Spring 1994) |
Gender bias in the courtroom remains a serious problem. Reflected in outmoded attitudes toward women, gender bias is based on stereotypes rather than on a consideration of each individual's experience and abilities. During the 1993 Fall Term, the Supreme Court of the United States had an opportunity to eliminate one type of gender bias in the...; Search Snippet: ...UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW Suffolk University Law Review Spring 1994 Note GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES: A BAD REMNANT OF THE HISTORICAL DISCRIMINATION... |
1996 |
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| Sally S. Simpson , Lori Elis |
Is Gender Subordinate to Class? An Empirical Assessment of Colvin and Pauly's Structural Marxist Theory of Delinquency |
85 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 453 (Fall, 1994) |
For Karl Marx, the problem of crime in capitalist societies was linked to the material forces of capitalism and class domination. Although Marx did not extensively discuss the problem, he did remark that criminality seemed to be concentrated in the dangerous classes. The lumenproletariat, or parasitic class of criminals, consisted of...; Search Snippet: ...Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Fall, 1994 Criminology IS GENDER SUBORDINATE TO CLASS? AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF COLVIN AND PAULY'S... |
1996 |
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| Tobi V. Neff |
J.e.b. V. Alabama: the Supreme Court Extends the Equal Protection Clause by Prohibiting Gender-based Peremptory Challenges |
21 Ohio Northern University Law Review 615 (1994) |
I. Introduction In J.E.B. v. Alabama, the Supreme Court considered the issue of extending equal protection scrutiny to gender-based peremptory challenges. In a six-to-three decision, the Court found that gender-based peremptory challenges were prohibited by the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Because it required no explanation...; Search Snippet: ...THE SUPREME COURT EXTENDS THE EQUAL PROTECTION CLAUSE BY PROHIBITING GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES Tobi V. Neff Copyright (c) 1995 by... |
1996 |
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| Justice Bernette J. Johnson |
Justice Revius O. Ortique, Jr.: a Man for All Seasons |
36 Southern University Law Review 1 (Fall, 2008) |
Justice Revius O. Ortique, Jr., Louisiana's first African-American elected to the Louisiana State Supreme Court, was a genuine trailblazer in his own right. Webster's Dictionary defines trailblazer as one that blazes a trail to guide others; i.e. a pathfinder, a pioneer. Justice Ortique was a man who realized many firsts: first African-American...; Search Snippet: ...Review Fall, 2008 Article JUSTICE REVIUS O. ORTIQUE, JR.: A MAN FOR ALL SEASONS Justice Bernette J. Johnson [FN1] Copyright © 2008... |
1996 |
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African/Black American |
| Lahela Hiapola'ela'e Farrington Hite |
Maka'ala Ke Kanaka Kahea Manu: Examining a Potential Adjustment of Kamehameha Schools' Tuition Policy |
32 University of Hawaii Law Review 237 (Winter 2009) |
In 1893, a group of civilians, supported by the full power of the United States Navy and the United States Minister to the Kingdom of Hawai'i, successfully overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy. This coup d'etat ushered in over a century of hardship and deprivation for the Native Hawaiians. Kamehameha Schools is one of the few remaining institutions...; Search Snippet: ...men and women. [FN208] Kamehameha Schools mission is to educate Native Hawaiian students so as to produce good and industrious men and women in accordance with the wishes of its founder... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Lara Stemple |
Male Rape and Human Rights |
60 Hastings Law Journal 605 (February, 2009) |
For the last few decades, the prevailing approach to sexual violence in international human rights instruments has focused virtually exclusively on the abuse of women and girls. In the meantime, sexual violence against males continues to flourish in prison and other forms of detention. Men have been abused and sexually humiliated during situations...; Search Snippet: ...711780 HASTINGS LAW JOURNAL Hastings Law Journal February, 2009 Articles MALE RAPE AND HUMAN RIGHTS Lara Stemple [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2009... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Nancy E. Dowd |
Masculinities and Feminist Legal Theory |
23 Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender & Society 201 (Fall 2008) |
Feminist theory has examined men, patriarchy, and masculine characteristics predominantly as sources of power, domination, inequality, and subordination. Various theories of inequality developed by feminists challenge and reveal structures and discourses that reinforce explicitly or implicitly the centrality of men and the male identity of a...; Search Snippet: ...as a claim to equality. [FN122] The distinctive masculinity of African American men has been labeled cool pose by Richard Majors. [FN123] [B]lack... |
1996 |
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African/Black American |
| Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt , Marc S. Galanter , Kaushik Mukhopadhaya , Kathleen E. Hull |
Men and Women of the Bar: the Impact of Gender on Legal Careers |
16 Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 49 (2009) |
I. Introduction 50 II. Analysis of the Data 52 A. Description of the Data Set 52 B. The Personal Characteristics of the Participants in the Surveys: What Type of People Become Lawyers and How Do Their Personal Characteristics Vary By Gender? 53 C. The Family Characteristics of the Participants in the Surveys: What are the Family Situations...; Search Snippet: ...GENDER AND LAW Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 2009 Article MEN AND WOMEN OF THE BAR: THE IMPACT OF GENDER ON LEGAL CAREERS [FNd1] Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt [FNa1] Marc... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Sean D. O'Brien |
Mothers and Sons: the Lloyd Schlup Story |
77 UMKC Law Review 1021 (Summer, 2009) |
What do you say to the mother of a murder victim? There are no words in any language adequate to the task. A woman who loses a husband is a widow; a surviving husband is a widower. A child who loses her parents is an orphan. But there is no word in the English language for a mother who loses a child. Maybe it is not supposed to be easy to talk...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 2009 Symposium: Death Penalty Stories Articles MOTHERS AND SONS: THE LLOYD SCHLUP STORY Sean D. O'Brien [FNa1] Copyright ©... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |