| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | Gender in title or Summary | Ethnicity Identified in Title |
| Rucker C. Johnson , Steven Raphael , University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Berkeley |
The Effects of Male Incarceration Dynamics on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Infection Rates among African American Women and Men |
52 Journal of Law & Economics 251 (May, 2009) |
This paper investigates the connection between incarceration dynamics and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection rates, with particular emphasis on the black-white AIDS rate disparity. Using case-level U.S. data spanning 1982-96, we model the dynamic relationship between AIDS infection rates and the proportion of men in the age-,...; Search Snippet: ...ECONOMICS Journal of Law & Economics May, 2009 THE EFFECTS OF MALE INCARCERATION DYNAMICS ON ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME INFECTION RATES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN AND MEN Rucker C. Johnson [FNa1] University of California, Berkeley Steven Raphael... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Gary LaFree, Christine Rack |
The Effects of Participants' Ethnicity and Gender on Monetary Outcomes in Mediated and Adjudicated Civil Cases |
30 Law and Society Review 767 (1996) |
Researchers and policymakers have long been concerned about the extent to which such sociocultural factors as ethnicity and gender determine access to organizational rewards and constraints within legal systems. Scholars have also wondered whether less formal processes, such as those found in alternative dispute resolution, are especially...; Search Snippet: ...Society Review 1996 Article THE EFFECTS OF PARTICIPANTS' ETHNICITY AND GENDER ON MONETARY OUTCOMES IN MEDIATED AND ADJUDICATED CIVIL CASES Gary... |
1997 |
|
|
| Patricia Hagler Minter |
The Failure of Freedom: Class, Gender, and the Evolution of Segregated Transit Law in the Nineteenth-century South |
70 Chicago-Kent Law Review 993 (1995) |
On August 27, 1881, the Reverend W. H. Gray, a black Baptist minister travelling to Cincinnati from his home in Lexington, Kentucky, purchased roundtrip first-class tickets over the Cincinnati Southern Railway. His wife Silena and their small child accompanied him. Their trip to Cincinnati proved uneventful; on their return, however, the brakeman...; Search Snippet: ...Personal Liberty and Private Law THE FAILURE OF FREEDOM: CLASS, GENDER, AND THE EVOLUTION OF SEGREGATED TRANSIT LAW IN THE NINETEENTH... |
1997 |
|
|
| Samuel Vincent Jones |
The Invisible Man: the Conscious Neglect of Men and Boys in the War on Human Trafficking |
2010 Utah Law Review 1143 (2010) |
I am an invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted Edgar Allan Poe . . . . I am a man of substance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids--and I might even be said to possess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me . . . . When they approach me they see only my surroundings, themselves, or figments...; Search Snippet: ...UTAH LAW REVIEW Utah Law Review 2010 Article THE INVISIBLE MAN: THE CONSCIOUS NEGLECT OF MEN AND BOYS IN THE WAR ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING Samuel Vincent Jones [FNa1... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Tracey Meares |
The Legitimacy of Police among Young African-american Men |
92 Marquette Law Review 651 (Summer 2009) |
Introduction by Dean Joseph D. Kearney It is a privilege for me to introduce the George and Margaret Barrock Lecture. Permit me to begin by saying a few words about the individuals in whose memory this lecture stands. While I would do this in any event, it is especially appropriate to do so this year, for this is the inaugural Barrock Lecture....; Search Snippet: ...School February 19, 2009 THE LEGITIMACY OF POLICE AMONG YOUNG AFRICAN- AMERICAN MEN Tracey Meares [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2009 Marquette Law Review; Tracey... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Deanna L. Wilkinson , Jeffrey Fagan |
The Role of Firearms in Violence "Scripts": the Dynamics of Gun Events among Adolescent Males |
59-WTR Law and Contemporary Problems 55 (Winter 1996) |
In recent years, the use and deadly consequences of gun violence among adolescents has reached epidemic proportions. At a time when national homicide rates are declining, the increasing rates of firearm deaths among teenagers is especially alarming. Deaths of adolescents due to firearm injuries are disproportionately concentrated among nonwhites,...; Search Snippet: ...IN VIOLENCE SCRIPTS: THE DYNAMICS OF GUN EVENTS AMONG ADOLESCENT MALES Deanna L. Wilkinson [FNa] Jeffrey Fagan [FNaa] Copyright (c) 1996... |
1997 |
|
|
| Francisco Valdes |
Unpacking Hetero-patriarchy: Tracing the Conflation of Sex, Gender & Sexual Orientation to its Origins |
8 Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 161 (Winter 1996) |
This Article traces and critiques the early formalization of the Euro-American sex/gender system. It seeks to illuminate the evolution of historical biases in American law and society that continue to dominate and destabilize sex/gender relations. As such, this Article is a prequel -- it provides the origins of a story already partially told...; Search Snippet: ...the Law UNPACKING HETERO-PATRIARCHY: TRACING THE CONFLATION OF SEX, GENDER & SEXUAL ORIENTATION TO ITS ORIGINS Francisco Valdes [FNa] Copyright ©... |
1997 |
|
|
| |
Verdict for Three Men for Officers' False Arrest, Excessive Force |
46-MAR Trial 14 (March, 2010) |
Harold Hammick, Richard Booth, and Alex Clay were returning to their vehicle after a St. Patrick's Day celebration. They were stopped as they got into the vehicle in a parking garage by several police officers, who asked them for identification. Hammick, who had his seat belt on, immediately informed the officers that he was carrying a gun but had...; Search Snippet: ...March, 2010 Verdict and Settlement Civil Rights VERDICT FOR THREE MEN FOR OFFICERS' FALSE ARREST, EXCESSIVE FORCE Copyright © 2010 by the... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Andrea Kupfer Schneider, Sandra Cheldelin, Deborah Kolb |
What Travels: Teaching Gender in Cross Cultural Negotiation Classrooms |
31 Hamline Journal of Public Law and Policy 531 (Spring 2010) |
I am not hindered by my gender; I use it to my advantage--being cute, young and naïve--to get better deals for my clients. (Israeli lawyer) The likeability-competence stereotype doesn't fit the Turkish experience-- the choice of competence is not one women can even consider--all leadership positions are held by men. (Turkish psychologist) How do we...; Search Snippet: ...Policy Spring 2010 Rethinking Negotiation Teaching Project WHAT TRAVELS: TEACHING GENDER IN CROSS CULTURAL NEGOTIATION CLASSROOMS Andrea Kupfer Schneider Sandra Cheldelin... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Rodney K. Smith |
When Ignorance Is Not Bliss: in Search of Racial and Gender Equity in Intercollegiate Athletics |
61 Missouri Law Review 329 (Spring 1996) |
In popular American parlance, we commonly refer to an athlete as a jock. The Random House Unabridged Dictionary notes that the formal definition of jock is a jockstrap. The informal definition, in turn, is an athlete. Using the term jock to describe an athlete certainly has sexist, and perhaps even racial, implications. Given this...; Search Snippet: ...WHEN IGNORANCE IS NOT BLISS: IN SEARCH OF RACIAL AND GENDER EQUITY IN INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS Rodney K. Smith [FNa] Copyright ©... |
1997 |
|
|
| Miriam H. Ruttenberg |
A Feminist Critique of Mandatory Arrest: an Anallysis of Race and Gender in Domestic Violence Policy |
2 American University Journal of Gender & the Law 171 (Spring, 1994) |
Men have beaten their wives and partners for centuries with no retribution from the criminal justice system. Only recently has domestic violence been targeted by the government as a problem warranting criminal sanctions. For example, in the past two decades many states have enacted mandatory arrest statutes. These statutes are designed to send the...; Search Snippet: ...FEMINIST CRITIQUE OF MANDATORY ARREST: AN ANALLYSIS OF RACE AND GENDER IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE POLICY Miriam H. Ruttenberg [FNa1] Copyright ©... |
1996 |
|
|
| Walter B. Connolly, Jr. , Jeffrey D. Adelman |
A University's Defense to a Title Ix Gender Equity in Athletics Lawsuit: Congress Never Intended Gender Equity Based on Student Body Ratios |
71 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 845 (Summer, 1994) |
I. Introduction . 845 II. An Overview of Title IX . 849 III. The Intercollegiate Athletic Provisions of Title IX . 854 IV. OCR's Interpretation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Provisions of Title IX. 856 V. Judicial Interpretations of the Intercollegiate Athletic Provisions of Title IX . 868 VI. University Responses to Title IX Audits and Private...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 1994 A UNIVERSITY'S DEFENSE TO A TITLE IX GENDER EQUITY IN ATHLETICS LAWSUIT: CONGRESS NEVER INTENDED GENDER EQUITY BASED ON STUDENT BODY RATIOS Walter B. Connolly, Jr... |
1996 |
|
|
| Kimberly Jade Norwood |
Adult Complicity in the Dis-education of the Black Male High School Athlete & Societal Failures to Remedy His Plight |
34 Thurgood Marshall Law Review 21 (Fall, 2008) |
This essay is being published in conjunction with a Symposium hosted by the Thurgood Marshall Law School on Education and the Bewilderment of Race. Given the Supreme Court's retreat from what Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Shawnee County, Kansas, et. al, stood for in its 2007 decision in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle...; Search Snippet: ...Article ADULT COMPLICITY IN THE DIS-EDUCATION OF THE BLACK MALE HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETE & SOCIETAL FAILURES TO REMEDY HIS PLIGHT Kimberly... |
1996 |
|
African/Black American |
| Peter A. Gaudioso |
Batson's Incomplete Legacy: Gender Discrimination and the Peremptory Challenge |
3 Seton Hall Constitutional Law Journal 475 (Fall, 1993) |
In the seminal case Batson v. Kentucky, the Supreme Court of the United States held that in criminal prosecutions, the state's exercise of peremptory challenges to exclude African-Americans from the jury panel violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Shortly thereafter, in a series of decisions rendered on the heels of...; Search Snippet: ...Hall Constitutional Law Journal Fall, 1993 Comment BATSON'S INCOMPLETE LEGACY: GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND THE PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE Peter A. Gaudioso Copyright ©... |
1996 |
|
|
| Stacy A. Dowling |
Constitutional Law - Fourteenth Amendment -- Equal Protection Clause Prohibits Litigants from Exercising Peremptory Challenges on the Basis of Gender - J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel T.b., 114 S. Ct. 1419 (1994). |
25 Seton Hall Law Review 756 (1994) |
The Supreme Court has historically exalted the peremptory challenge as an important element in achieving a fair and impartial jury trial in both criminal and civil cases. During voir dire, the system gives litigants the opportunity to strike potential jurors in two ways: for cause or peremptorily. Litigants employ the challenge for cause to...; Search Snippet: ...PROHIBITS LITIGANTS FROM EXERCISING PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES ON THE BASIS OF GENDER - J.E.B. V. ALABAMA EX REL T.B., 114 S. CT. 1419... |
1996 |
|
|
| Stacie L. Sanders |
Constitutional Law: Eliminating Gender-based Peremptory Strikes: the End of the Peremptory Challenge? [J.e.b. V. Alabama Ex. Rel. T.b., 114 S.ct. 1419 (1994)] |
34 Washburn Law Journal 193 (Fall, 1994) |
In J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel. T.B., the United States Supreme Court addresses whether the United States Constitution's Equal Protection Clause precludes the State from using peremptory challenges to intentionally discriminate on the basis of gender. In a six-three decision, the United States Supreme Court holds a state actor's intentional gender...; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Washburn Law Journal Fall, 1994 Comment CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: ELIMINATING GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY STRIKES: THE END OF THE PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE? [J.E.B... |
1996 |
|
|
| Edward McGlynn Gaffney, Jr. |
Dead Man Walking: an Eyewitness Account of the Death Penalty in the United States . By Helen Prejean. New York: Vintage Books 1996. Pp. Xi, 276. $13.00. Isbn: 0-679-75131-9. |
16 Journal of Law and Religion 393 (2001) |
Just as popular support for the death penalty in America reached an all time high in the 1990s, both in raw numbers in Texas (opinion polls running as high as 90% in favor of the death penalty in that state) and in intensity of feelings throughout the nation, doubt arose about the rightness of the consensus. In 1995 Pope John Paul II condemned...; Search Snippet: ...RELIGION Journal of Law and Religion 2001 Review Essay DEAD MAN WALKING: AN EYEWITNESS ACCOUNT OF THE DEATH PENALTY IN THE... |
1996 |
Yes |
Hispanic/Latinx American |
| Theresa A. Martinez |
Embracing the Outlaws: Deviance at the Intersection of Race, Class, and Gender |
1994 Utah Law Review 193 (1994) |
I grew up the youngest of twelve children in a Chicano family living in the slums of Albuquerque, New Mexico. My father was an abusive alcoholic. My mother raised the kids by herself both before and after my older brothers kicked my father out of the house. I have memories of when I was a very little girl walking with my mother to the Salvation...; Search Snippet: ...THE OUTLAWS: DEVIANCE AT THE INTERSECTION OF RACE, CLASS, AND GENDER Theresa A. Martinez [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1994 by the Utah... |
1996 |
|
|
| Vicki C. Jackson |
Empiricism, Gender, and Legal Pedagogy: an Experiment in a Federal Courts Seminar at Georgetown University Law Center |
83 Georgetown Law Journal 461 (December, 1994) |
Over the last decade, the organized bench and bar have drawn on the insights of feminist legal theory and sociolegal research techniques to create a fascinating movement. The growing strength of this movement--to inquire into and report on the effects of gender on court systems (and, increasingly, to collaborate in similar inquiries on the effects...; Search Snippet: ...1994 Symposium: Gender, Empiricism, and the Federal Courts Essay EMPIRICISM, GENDER, AND LEGAL PEDAGOGY: AN EXPERIMENT IN A FEDERAL COURTS SEMINAR... |
1996 |
|
|
| Nathaniel R. Jones |
For Black Males and American Society--the Unbalanced Scales of Justice: a Costly Disconnect |
23 Capital University Law Review 1 (1994) |
The disproportionate number of black males in the criminal justice system continues to stir the debate regarding the societal implications of this phenomenon. Fueling and heating the debate is the nation's preoccupation with crime and its proposed remedies. We must not, however, consider this subject in a vacuum. To make an informed contribution to...; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW Capital University Law Review 1994 Essay FOR BLACK MALES AND AMERICAN SOCIETY--THE UNBALANCED SCALES OF JUSTICE: A COSTLY... |
1996 |
|
|
| Jerome G. Miller |
From Social Safety Net to Dragnet: African American Males in the Criminal Justice System |
51 Washington and Lee Law Review 479 (Spring, 1994) |
During the 1980s and 1990s, in the midst of two decades of social neglect, America's white majority presented its inner cities with an expensive gift--a new and improved criminal justice system. This new and improved system would, the government promised, bring domestic tranquility--with particular relevance to African Americans. No expense was...; Search Snippet: ...Race and Criminal Justice FROM SOCIAL SAFETY NET TO DRAGNET: AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Jerome G. Miller [FNa1] Copyright... |
1996 |
|
|
| Donna Hess |
Gender-based Peremptory Challenges: a Bad Remnant of the Historical Discrimination Against Women? |
28 Suffolk University Law Review 63 (Spring 1994) |
Gender bias in the courtroom remains a serious problem. Reflected in outmoded attitudes toward women, gender bias is based on stereotypes rather than on a consideration of each individual's experience and abilities. During the 1993 Fall Term, the Supreme Court of the United States had an opportunity to eliminate one type of gender bias in the...; Search Snippet: ...UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW Suffolk University Law Review Spring 1994 Note GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES: A BAD REMNANT OF THE HISTORICAL DISCRIMINATION... |
1996 |
|
|
| Sally S. Simpson , Lori Elis |
Is Gender Subordinate to Class? An Empirical Assessment of Colvin and Pauly's Structural Marxist Theory of Delinquency |
85 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 453 (Fall, 1994) |
For Karl Marx, the problem of crime in capitalist societies was linked to the material forces of capitalism and class domination. Although Marx did not extensively discuss the problem, he did remark that criminality seemed to be concentrated in the dangerous classes. The lumenproletariat, or parasitic class of criminals, consisted of...; Search Snippet: ...Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Fall, 1994 Criminology IS GENDER SUBORDINATE TO CLASS? AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF COLVIN AND PAULY'S... |
1996 |
|
|
| Tobi V. Neff |
J.e.b. V. Alabama: the Supreme Court Extends the Equal Protection Clause by Prohibiting Gender-based Peremptory Challenges |
21 Ohio Northern University Law Review 615 (1994) |
I. Introduction In J.E.B. v. Alabama, the Supreme Court considered the issue of extending equal protection scrutiny to gender-based peremptory challenges. In a six-to-three decision, the Court found that gender-based peremptory challenges were prohibited by the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Because it required no explanation...; Search Snippet: ...THE SUPREME COURT EXTENDS THE EQUAL PROTECTION CLAUSE BY PROHIBITING GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES Tobi V. Neff Copyright (c) 1995 by... |
1996 |
|
|
| Justice Bernette J. Johnson |
Justice Revius O. Ortique, Jr.: a Man for All Seasons |
36 Southern University Law Review 1 (Fall, 2008) |
Justice Revius O. Ortique, Jr., Louisiana's first African-American elected to the Louisiana State Supreme Court, was a genuine trailblazer in his own right. Webster's Dictionary defines trailblazer as one that blazes a trail to guide others; i.e. a pathfinder, a pioneer. Justice Ortique was a man who realized many firsts: first African-American...; Search Snippet: ...Review Fall, 2008 Article JUSTICE REVIUS O. ORTIQUE, JR.: A MAN FOR ALL SEASONS Justice Bernette J. Johnson [FN1] Copyright © 2008... |
1996 |
|
African/Black American |
| Lahela Hiapola'ela'e Farrington Hite |
Maka'ala Ke Kanaka Kahea Manu: Examining a Potential Adjustment of Kamehameha Schools' Tuition Policy |
32 University of Hawaii Law Review 237 (Winter 2009) |
In 1893, a group of civilians, supported by the full power of the United States Navy and the United States Minister to the Kingdom of Hawai'i, successfully overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy. This coup d'etat ushered in over a century of hardship and deprivation for the Native Hawaiians. Kamehameha Schools is one of the few remaining institutions...; Search Snippet: ...men and women. [FN208] Kamehameha Schools mission is to educate Native Hawaiian students so as to produce good and industrious men and women in accordance with the wishes of its founder... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Lara Stemple |
Male Rape and Human Rights |
60 Hastings Law Journal 605 (February, 2009) |
For the last few decades, the prevailing approach to sexual violence in international human rights instruments has focused virtually exclusively on the abuse of women and girls. In the meantime, sexual violence against males continues to flourish in prison and other forms of detention. Men have been abused and sexually humiliated during situations...; Search Snippet: ...711780 HASTINGS LAW JOURNAL Hastings Law Journal February, 2009 Articles MALE RAPE AND HUMAN RIGHTS Lara Stemple [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2009... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Nancy E. Dowd |
Masculinities and Feminist Legal Theory |
23 Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender & Society 201 (Fall 2008) |
Feminist theory has examined men, patriarchy, and masculine characteristics predominantly as sources of power, domination, inequality, and subordination. Various theories of inequality developed by feminists challenge and reveal structures and discourses that reinforce explicitly or implicitly the centrality of men and the male identity of a...; Search Snippet: ...as a claim to equality. [FN122] The distinctive masculinity of African American men has been labeled cool pose by Richard Majors. [FN123] [B]lack... |
1996 |
|
African/Black American |
| Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt , Marc S. Galanter , Kaushik Mukhopadhaya , Kathleen E. Hull |
Men and Women of the Bar: the Impact of Gender on Legal Careers |
16 Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 49 (2009) |
I. Introduction 50 II. Analysis of the Data 52 A. Description of the Data Set 52 B. The Personal Characteristics of the Participants in the Surveys: What Type of People Become Lawyers and How Do Their Personal Characteristics Vary By Gender? 53 C. The Family Characteristics of the Participants in the Surveys: What are the Family Situations...; Search Snippet: ...GENDER AND LAW Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 2009 Article MEN AND WOMEN OF THE BAR: THE IMPACT OF GENDER ON LEGAL CAREERS [FNd1] Kenneth G. Dau-Schmidt [FNa1] Marc... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Sean D. O'Brien |
Mothers and Sons: the Lloyd Schlup Story |
77 UMKC Law Review 1021 (Summer, 2009) |
What do you say to the mother of a murder victim? There are no words in any language adequate to the task. A woman who loses a husband is a widow; a surviving husband is a widower. A child who loses her parents is an orphan. But there is no word in the English language for a mother who loses a child. Maybe it is not supposed to be easy to talk...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 2009 Symposium: Death Penalty Stories Articles MOTHERS AND SONS: THE LLOYD SCHLUP STORY Sean D. O'Brien [FNa1] Copyright ©... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| David S. Cohen |
No Boy Left Behind? Single-sex Education and the Essentialist Myth of Masculinity |
84 Indiana Law Journal 135 (Winter, 2009) |
Introduction. 135 I. Anti-Essentialism and Masculinities. 141 II. The Federal Law of Single-Sex Education. 145 A. The Constitution and Single-Sex Education. 145 B. Title IX and Single-Sex Education. 148 III. The Narrative of Essentialized Masculinity. 151 A. Methodology. 152 B. Essentialized Masculinity in the Context of Single-Sex Education. 153...; Search Snippet: ...INDIANA LAW JOURNAL Indiana Law Journal Winter, 2009 Articles NO BOY LEFT BEHIND? [FNd1] SINGLE-SEX EDUCATION AND THE ESSENTIALIST MYTH... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Steven Bennett Weisburd , Brian Levin |
On the Basis of Sex: Recognizing Gender-based Bias Crimes |
5 Stanford Law and Policy Review 21 (Spring, 1994) |
Well, maybe the Wisconsin legislature thought that there weren't any misogynists in Wisconsin. --Chief Justice William Rehnquist (question at oral argument in Wisconsin v. Mitchell regarding counsel's argument that Wisconsin's bias crime law was under-inclusive because it failed to include gender). Until women as a class have the same protection...; Search Snippet: ...Spring, 1994 Gender Symposium ON THE BASIS OF SEX: RECOGNIZING GENDER-BASED BIAS CRIMES Steven Bennett Weisburd [FNa] Brian Levin [Fnb... |
1996 |
|
|
| Judge Arthur L. Burnett, Sr. |
Permeation of Race, National Origin and Gender Issues from Initial Law Enforcement Contact Through Sentencing: the Need for Sensitivity, Equalitarianism and Vigilance in the Criminal Justice System |
31 American Criminal Law Review 1153 (Summer, 1994) |
This article takes a close look at the actual operation of the entire criminal justice system with reference to issues of racism, national origin and gender bias, from the initial police or law enforcement contact with the individual through the final process of sentencing the guilty offender. What is the remedy when, in the exercise of police...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 1994 Symposium PERMEATION OF RACE, NATIONAL ORIGIN AND GENDER ISSUES FROM INITIAL LAW ENFORCEMENT CONTACT THROUGH SENTENCING: THE NEED... |
1996 |
|
|
| Catharine A. MacKinnon |
Prostitution and Civil Rights |
1 Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 13 (1993) |
The gap between the promise of civil rights and the real lives of prostitutes is an abyss which swallows up prostituted women. To speak of prostitution and civil rights in one breath moves the two into one world, at once exposing and narrowing the distance between them. Women in prostitution are denied every imaginable civil right in every...; Search Snippet: ...serial murders of women in Los Angeles, the eleven dead African- American women who had been in prostitution and were found under piles of rags in Detroitthese acts are gender cleansing. Snuff films are part of it. When killing women... |
1996 |
|
|
| Francisco Valdes |
Queers, Sissies, Dykes, and Tomboys: Deconstructing the Conflation of "Sex," "Gender," and "Sexual Orientation" in Euro-american Law and Society |
83 California Law Review Rev. 1 (1/1/1995) |
Foreword Notes on The Conflation'. 11 I. The Conflation as Triangle. 12 II. The Conflation, Language & Common (Mis)Understandings. 20 III. The Conflation & the Law. 23 IV. The Conflation, This Project & Legal Theory. 28 Chapter One Modern Culture: Codification & Internalization. 36 I. The Conflation of Sex, Gender & Sexual Orientation. 36 II....; Search Snippet: ...QUEERS, SISSIES, DYKES, AND TOMBOYS: DECONSTRUCTING THE CONFLATION OF SEX, GENDER, AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION IN EURO-AMERICAN LAW AND SOCIETY Francisco... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Martha Chamallas |
Questioning the Use of Race-specific and Gender-specific Economic Data in Tort Litigation: a Constitutional Argument |
63 Fordham Law Review 73 (October, 1994) |
TORT law, like virtually every other legal subject, has increasingly come under scrutiny by scholars seeking to uncover hidden biases based on race, gender and other important dimensions of personal identity. In law reviews and in final reports of gender and race bias task forces, questions have been raised about the basic equity of legal standards...; Search Snippet: ...And The Law QUESTIONING THE USE OF RACE-SPECIFIC AND GENDER-SPECIFIC ECONOMIC DATA IN TORT LITIGATION: A CONSTITUTIONAL ARGUMENT Martha... |
1996 |
|
|
| Samara F. Swanston |
Race, Gender, Age, and Disproportionate Impact: What Can We Do about the Failure to Protect the Most Vulnerable? |
21 Fordham Urban Law Journal 577 (Spring 1994) |
Hard economic times and social conditions are driving a reordering of environmental protection priorities that threatens to sacrifice the most vulnerable groups. Environmental regulatory agencies acknowledge that vulnerable populations face the greatest risk of harm from environmental insult and that these groups are not adequately protected....; Search Snippet: ...URBAN LAW JOURNAL Fordham Urban Law Journal Spring 1994 RACE, GENDER, AGE, AND DISPROPORTIONATE IMPACT: WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT THE... |
1996 |
|
|
| Elizabeth A. Pendo |
Recognizing Violence Against Women: Gender and the Hate Crimes Statistics Act |
17 Harvard Women's Law Journal 157 (Spring, 1994) |
Two million acts of rape were committed against women in 1991. A report on hate crime issued by the Federal Bureau of Investigation pursuant to the Hate Crimes Statistics Act of 1991 stated that only seven of these attacks were motivated by hate. The United States Congress defined violence aimed at people because of their race, religion, sexual...; Search Snippet: ...Law Journal Spring, 1994 Recent Development RECOGNIZING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: GENDER AND THE HATE CRIMES STATISTICS ACT Elizabeth A. Pendo [Fna... |
1996 |
|
|
| Joan C. Williams |
Reconstructive Feminism: Changing the Way We Talk about Gender and Work Thirty Years after the Pda |
21 Yale Journal of Law & Feminism 79 (2009) |
ABSTRACT: This Article seeks to challenge and change the way that we talk about gender--ways that make it difficult to progress on the work/family front. In the thirty years since the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) was passed in 1979, while the roles of men and women have changed dramatically, the American workplace has changed only...; Search Snippet: ...Symposium Article RECONSTRUCTIVE FEMINISM: CHANGING THE WAY WE TALK ABOUT GENDER AND WORK THIRTY YEARS AFTER THE PDA Joan C. Williams... |
1996 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Kingsley R. Browne |
Sex and Temperament in Modern Society: a Darwinian View of the Glass Ceiling and the Gender Gap |
37 Arizona Law Review 971 (1995) |
I. Introduction. 973 II. Sex Differences and Evolutionary Theory. 985 A. Natural Selection and Evolutionary Psychology. 985 B. Evolution of Temperamental Sex Differences. 990 C. Evidence of Differential Reproductive Strategies in Our Evolutionary Past. 1000 D. Evidence for the Continued Existence of the Evolved Psychological Mechanism. 1006 III....; Search Snippet: ...SOCIETY: A DARWINIAN VIEW OF THE GLASS CEILING AND THE GENDER GAP Kingsley R. Browne [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1995 by the... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Nicholas J. Johnson |
Shots Across No Man's Land: a Response to Handgun Control, Inc.'S, Richard Aborn |
22 Fordham Urban Law Journal 441 (Winter, 1995) |
Mr. Aborn's essay, The Battle Over the Brady Bill and the Future of Gun Control Advocacy, reflects the wide chasm separating gun owners and the anti-gun lobby. Some of the reasons are not immediately obvious. I will try to illuminate a few of them here. As his essay reflects, Mr. Aborn's organization, Handgun Control, Inc., is one of the primary...; Search Snippet: ...Fordham Urban Law Journal Winter, 1995 Essay SHOTS ACROSS NO MAN'S LAND: A RESPONSE TO HANDGUN CONTROL, INC.'S, RICHARD ABORN Nicholas... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Elaine Golin |
Solving the Problem of Gender and Racial Bias in Administrative Adjudication |
95 Columbia Law Review 1532 (10/1/1995) |
Administrative Law Judges (ALJs) preside over hundreds of thousands of adjudications every year and their decisions affect the lives of millions of Americans. As the decisionmakers in the on-the-record hearings of federal administrative agencies, ALJs play an important role in overseeing the enforcement of federal law and the distribution of...; Search Snippet: ...Columbia Law Review October 1995 Note SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF GENDER AND RACIAL BIAS IN ADMINISTRATIVE ADJUDICATION Elaine Golin Copyright ©... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Trlica Cosby |
Strictly Speaking: Viewing J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b. as Sub Silentio Application of Strict Scrutiny to Gender-based Classifications |
32 Houston Law Review 869 (Fall 1995) |
I. Introduction. 869 II. Recitation. 872 III. Analysis. 877 A. Background: Method and Procedure of Jury Selection. 877 B. The Development of a Standard of Review for Gender Classifications. 879 C. Laying a Foundation for Strict Scrutiny. 884 D. Reconciling Taylor v. Louisiana with the J.E.B. Decision. 888 IV. Future Effects on Peremptory...; Search Snippet: ...REL. T.B. AS SUB SILENTIO APPLICATION OF STRICT SCRUTINY TO GENDER-BASED CLASSIFICATIONS [FNa1] Trlica Cosby Copyright (c) 1995 Houston Law... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Peter Michael Collins |
Taking Batson One Giant Step Further: the Court Prohibits Gender-based Peremptory Challenges in J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b. |
44 Catholic University Law Review 935 (Spring 1995) |
The United States Constitution grants to every criminal defendant accused of serious crimes the right to a jury trial, and preserves for every civil litigant the right to a jury trial where it existed at common law. The jury selection process is a complex mechanism designed to ensure that those selected will be fair and impartial decision-makers....; Search Snippet: ...Note TAKING BATSON ONE GIANT STEP FURTHER: THE COURT PROHIBITS GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES IN J.E.B. v. ALABAMA EX REL. T.B... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Floyd D. Weatherspoon |
The Devastating Impact of the Justice System on the Status of African-american Males: an Overview Perspective |
23 Capital University Law Review 23 (1994) |
C1-3Table of Contents L1-2Introduction 24. I. Stereotypical Biases Against African-American Males. 28 II. Criminal Justice System. 30 A. Selective Enforcement. 30 B. Incarceration of African-American Males. 35 C. Racial Disparities in Sentencing. 38 D. Racial Disparities in Prosecutorial Decisions. 42 E. Law Enforcement and Police Brutality--The...; Search Snippet: ...DEVASTATING IMPACT OF THE JUSTICE SYSTEM ON THE STATUS OF AFRICAN- AMERICAN MALES: AN OVERVIEW PERSPECTIVE Floyd D. Weatherspoon [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1994... |
1996 |
|
|
| Kevin D. Brown |
The Dilemma of Legal Discourse for Public Educational Responses to the "Crisis" Facing African-american Males |
23 Capital University Law Review 63 (1994) |
C1-3Table of Contents L1-2Introduction 64. I. Legal Discourse and the Intersection of Race, Gender and Public Education. 67 II. The Individualist Framework. 71 A. Conceptual Structure. 71 1. View of the knowing individual. 71 2. Emancipatory role of this framework. 72 3. Role of government. 74 B. The Constitutional Historical Development. 75 1....; Search Snippet: ...LEGAL DISCOURSE FOR PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL RESPONSES TO THE CRISIS FACING AFRICAN- AMERICAN MALES Kevin D. Brown [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1994 by the Capital... |
1996 |
|
|
| Tammy B. Grubb |
The Functional Effect of Eliminating Gender Bias in Jury Selection: a Critique and Analysis of J.e.b. V. Alabama |
48 Oklahoma Law Review 173 (Spring, 1995) |
The two sexes are not fungible; a community made up exclusively of one is different from a community composed of both; the subtle interplay of influence one on the other is among the imponderables. To insulate the courtroom from either may not in a given case make an iota of difference. Yet a flavor, a distinct quality is lost if either sex is...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review Spring, 1995 Note THE FUNCTIONAL EFFECT OF ELIMINATING GENDER BIAS IN JURY SELECTION: A CRITIQUE AND ANALYSIS OF J.E.B... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Jordan Herman |
The Fusion of Gay Rights and Feminism: Gender Identity and Marriage after Baehr V. Lewin |
56 Ohio State Law Journal 985 (1995) |
Then you should say what you mean, the March Hare went on. I do, Alice hastily replied; at least--at least I mean what I say-- that's the same thing, you know. Looking back on judicial decisions, we are nonplussed. An unexpected opinion becomes explicable after it occurs. And, after it occurs, its significance and meaning change. The opinion...; Search Snippet: ...1995 Case Comment THE FUSION OF GAY RIGHTS AND FEMINISM: GENDER IDENTITY AND MARRIAGE AFTER BAEHR V. LEWIN Jordan Herman Copyright... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| Sandra Farrington-Domingue |
The Intersection of Race and Gender and its Effects in the Workplace |
5 Southern California Review of Law and Women's Studies 187 (Fall 1995) |
The workplace that I am most familiar with is the city of Los Angeles. I have been an employee of the city for more than twenty years, as a Building Mechanical Inspector and, since July 1993, as a staff member for Councilmember Jackie Goldberg. Presently, the city government is comprised of approximately forty-two departments. Of these forty-two...; Search Snippet: ...Gender and Sexual Oreintation: Comment THE INTERSECTION OF RACE AND GENDER AND ITS EFFECTS IN THE WORKPLACE Sandra Farrington-Domingue [Fna... |
1996 |
Yes |
|
| John R. Quinn |
The Lost Language of the Irishgaymale: Textualization in Ireland's Law and Literature (Or the Most Hidden Ireland ) |
26 Columbia Human Rights Law Review 553 (Spring 1995) |
Introduction. 555 I. Theoretical Considerations. 566 A. Constructionism v. Essentialism. 566 B. Elaine Showalter's Model of Muted Group Discourse. 579 C. The Gaymale. 584 D. The Irishmale. 593 E. The Irishgaymale. 600 II. The Substantive Textualization of the Irishgaymale: Law. 605 A. The Sodomy and Gross Indecency Statutes. 606 B. The Norris...; Search Snippet: ...Madden-Simpson applies the term to female writers in Ireland's male-dominated critical tradition in Anglo Irish Literature: The Received Tradition... |
1996 |
Yes |
|