| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | Gender in title or Summary | Ethnicity Identified in Title |
| S. Alexandria Jo |
Reconstruction of the Peremptory Challenge System: a Look at Gender-based Peremptory Challenges |
22 Pacific Law Journal 1305 (July, 1991) |
Until recently, attorneys had absolute and unquestioned discretion in exercising their peremptory challenges. This unrestrained nature of peremptory challenges was drastically altered by the Supreme Court in 1986 when the Court ruled that prosecutors may no longer exercise their peremptory challenges based solely on the race of the prospective...; Search Snippet: ...Comment RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE SYSTEM: A LOOK AT GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES S. Alexandria Jo Copyright 1991 by the... |
1995 |
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| Aliza Hochman Bloom |
REVIVING REHABILITATION AS A DECARCERAL TOOL |
101 Washington University Law Review 1989 (2024) |
After advocates argued that circumstances attendant to late adolescent offenders make them less culpable for their offenses and better disposed to rehabilitation, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (SJC) held in January 2024 that it is unconstitutional to sentence eighteen-to-twenty-year-olds to life without parole. Last summer, Connecticut... |
1995 |
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| Leslie Bender |
Sex Discrimination or Gender Inequality? |
57 Fordham Law Review 941 (May, 1989) |
Judge Judith Kaye, in her October 1988 Noreen E. McNamara Memorial Lecture, took on the big Wall Street law firms. She praised the progress that these firms have made in the last thirty-five years by increasing the numbers of women in their ranks. She gave us statistics and stories about women in big firms, and after carefully setting the stage and...; Search Snippet: ...Essay Gender Equality in the Legal Profession SEX DISCRIMINATION OR GENDER INEQUALITY? [FNa1] Leslie Bender [FNaa1] Copyright 1989 by Leslie Bender... |
1995 |
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| Owen D. Jones |
Sex Selection: Regulating Technology Enabling the Predetermination of a Child's Gender |
6 Harvard Journal of Law & Technology Tech. 1 (Fall, 1992) |
As technology allowing preselection of a child's gender has improved, observers have debated whether such practices should be prohibited. With sex selection, as with many issues of emotional appeal, political positions have antedated careful reflection, and legislative initiatives have marched well in advance of strategic planning. As a result,...; Search Snippet: ...SEX SELECTION: REGULATING TECHNOLOGY ENABLING THE PREDETERMINATION OF A CHILD'S GENDER Owen D. Jones [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1992 by the President... |
1995 |
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| Ekow N. Yankah |
SHOULD RACIALLY VULNERABLE VICTIMS SHOW MERCY? |
102 Texas Law Review 1515 (June, 2024) |
On June 17, 2015, twenty-one-year-old Dylann Roof entered the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina, sat, and prayed with nine congregants for at least an hour before pulling out a handgun and killing Cynthia Hurd, Susan Jackson, Ethel Lance, DePayne Middleton-Doctor, State Senator Rev. Clementa Pinckney, Tywanza... |
1995 |
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| Rev. Raymond C. O'Brien |
Single-gender Marriage: a Religious Perspective |
7 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 429 (Spring 1998) |
Little has changed so rapidly and so pervasively as family law in the United States. The dynamism of this change is revolutionary. Long-settled principles and practices regarding divorce, marital property, spousal support, and custody, to mention only a few instances, have been abandoned or substantially modified over the last few decades. Not...; Search Snippet: ...Same-sex Relationship Panel Four: Religion, Morality and Sexuality SINGLE- GENDER MARRIAGE: A RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVE Rev. Raymond C. O'Brien [FNa1] Copyright... |
1995 |
Yes |
White/Caucasian |
| Edward J. McCaffery |
Slouching Towards Equality: Gender Discrimination, Market Efficiency, and Social Change |
103 Yale Law Journal 595 (December, 1993) |
C1-3Contents I. Introduction. 596 II. The Basic Facts. 600 III. The Basic Model. 602 A. Preliminary Assumptions. 603 B. Phase I: Rational Discrimination. 603 1. Imperfect Contracts. 606 2. Incomplete and Asymmetric Information. 608 C. Phase II: Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. 615 1. Taxes. 617 2. Incomplete Markets. 619 3. Human Capital Decisions. 622 D....; Search Snippet: ...LAW JOURNAL Yale Law Journal December, 1993 SLOUCHING TOWARDS EQUALITY: GENDER DISCRIMINATION, MARKET EFFICIENCY, AND SOCIAL CHANGE Edward J. McCaffery [Fnd... |
1995 |
Yes |
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| Margaret A. Baldwin |
Strategies of Connection: Prostitution and Feminist Politics |
1 Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 65 (1993) |
I am daunted by the shortness of our time, and by the scope of the tasks we face. There is the task each of you has shouldered in attending this symposium: to absorb and respond to what you are hearing. Many of us, especially those of us who have never been prostituted, have likely heard much about prostitution that seems new, or much that is old...; Search Snippet: ...speech that Ms. Baldwin presented at the Michigan Journal of Gender & Law Symposium entitled Prostitution: From Academia to Activism, held on... |
1995 |
Yes |
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| John Galotto |
Strict Scrutiny for Gender, via Croson |
93 Columbia Law Review 508 (March, 1993) |
The Supreme Court has not yet made a definitive statement regarding the constitutional standard of review for gender-based affirmative action at the state level. A decision in this area will feature a collision of two vibrant and incompatible equal protection doctrines. From one direction there is the gender discrimination jurisprudence, in which...; Search Snippet: ...REVIEW Columbia Law Review March, 1993 Note STRICT SCRUTINY FOR GENDER, VIA CROSON John Galotto Copyright (c) 1993 by the Directors... |
1995 |
Yes |
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| Robert A. Williams, Jr. |
The Algebra of Federal Indian Law: the Hard Trial of Decolonizing and Americanizing the White Man's Indian Jurisprudence |
1986 Wisconsin Law Review 219 (1986) |
Professor Robert Williams examines the historical origins of modern Indian law jurisprudence. He argues that the white man's European-derived legal discourse relies on historically derived myths to legitimize the colonization and subordination of Indian tribes. These myths have their roots in the medieval Christian Church's attempts to use legal...; Search Snippet: ...LAW: THE HARD TRIAL OF DECOLONIZING AND AMERICANIZING THE WHITE MAN'S INDIAN JURISPRUDENCE Robert A. Williams, Jr. [FNa] Copyright 1986 by... |
1995 |
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| Luca Azzariti Crousillat |
THE BADGES AND INCIDENTS OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT |
103 Texas Law Review 459 (December, 2024) |
In the spirit of Toni Morrison's Sula, this Note calls for reclaiming justice not as a static ideal but as an ongoing commitment to dismantling systemic oppression. Capital punishment remains a stark vestige of slavery in the United States, perpetuating institutionalized discrimination, cultural trauma, and systemic barriers to equality. This Note... |
1995 |
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| David Everett Marko |
The Case Against Gender-based Peremptory Challenges |
4 Hastings Women's Law Journal 109 (Winter, 1993) |
Since the inception of the jury system in the United States, attorneys have insisted that they be given the freedom to make shoot-from-the-hip, seat-of-the-pants, and gut-level judgments about a particular juror's capacity to sit as a fair trier of fact. Unfortunately, this broad discretion has led to widespread abuses. Until relatively...; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Hastings Women's Law Journal Winter, 1993 THE CASE AGAINST GENDER-BASED PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES David Everett Marko [FNa] Copyright (c) 1993... |
1995 |
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| Sharon K. Mollman |
The Gender Gap: Separating the Sexes in Public Education |
68 Indiana Law Journal 149 (Winter, 1992) |
Inner-city schools have become notorious for their failure to educate. Children in these blighted areas, usually African-Americans or other minorities, have little hope for a bright future. School, which is commonly thought to provide a stepping-stone to a better life, merely reinforces that lack of hope. The curriculum reflects the values of...; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Indiana Law Journal Winter, 1992 December, 1992 Note THE GENDER GAP: SEPARATING THE SEXES IN PUBLIC EDUCATION Sharon K. Mollman... |
1995 |
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| Katherine Connor , Ellen J. Vargyas |
The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing |
7 Berkeley Women's Law Journal 13 (1992) |
C1-3TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION. 14 II. THE FACTUAL CONTEXT. 17 A. The Scope of the Problem. 17 1. Post-Secondary Admissions Tests. 18 2. Vocational Aptitude Tests and Interest Inventories. 21 B. Causes of Gender Differences in Test Scores. 24 1. Post-Secondary Admissions Tests. 24 2. Vocational Aptitude Tests and Interest Inventories. 27 C....; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Berkeley Women's Law Journal 1992 THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF GENDER BIAS IN STANDARDIZED TESTING Katherine Connor [FNd] Ellen J. Vargyas... |
1995 |
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| Daniel S. Harawa |
THE SECOND AMENDMENT'S RACIAL JUSTICE COMPLEXITIES |
108 Minnesota Law Review 3225 (June, 2024) |
The relationship between the Second Amendment and racial justice is complicated. That's because the relationship between penal administration and racial justice is complicated. The briefing in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen perfectly proves this point. A group of public defenders favored striking down New York's concealed carry... |
1995 |
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| Kevin Brown |
The Social Construction of a Rape Victim: Stories of African-american Males about the Rape of Desiree Washington |
1992 University of Illinois Law Review 997 (1992) |
Becoming an individual in American society, or any other society, is not done in a vacuum. What passes as our individual consciousness is developed under the guidance of cultural patterns and historically created systems of meanings. We are not free agents bound only by our own understanding of what we perceive as reality. Rather, our consciousness...; Search Snippet: ...Scholarship THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF A RAPE VICTIM: STORIES OF AFRICAN- AMERICAN MALES ABOUT THE RAPE OF DESIREE WASHINGTON Kevin Brown [FNa1] Copyright... |
1995 |
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| Sharlene A. McEvoy |
The Umpire Strikes Out: Postema V. National League : Major League Gender Discrimination |
11 University of Miami Entertainment and Sports Law Review 1 (Fall 1993) |
I. Introduction. 1 II. Background. 2 III. The Case. 4 IV. The Civil Rights Act of 1964. 7 V. Leading Gender Discrimination Cases That May Impact Postema's Case. 12 VI. The Civil Rights Act of 1991. 23 VII. Conclusion; Search Snippet: ...THE UMPIRE STRIKES OUT: POSTEMA V. NATIONAL LEAGUE : MAJOR LEAGUE GENDER DISCRIMINATION Sharlene A. McEvoy [FNa] Copyright (c) 1993 Entertainment and... |
1995 |
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| William A. DeVan |
Toward a New Standard in Gender Discrimination: the Case of Virginia Military Institute |
33 William and Mary Law Review 489 (Winter, 1992) |
The whole drift of our law is toward the absolute prohibition of all ideas that diverge in the slightest form from the accepted platitudes, and behind that drift of law there is a far more potent force of growing custom, and under that custom there is a national philosophy which erects conformity into the noblest of virtues and the free functioning...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review Winter, 1992 Note TOWARD A NEW STANDARD IN GENDER DISCRIMINATION: THE CASE OF VIRGINIA MILITARY INSTITUTE [FNa1] William A... |
1995 |
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| James A. Nortz |
Twelve Angry Men and Ethical Decision-making |
26 ACC Docket 118 (September, 2008) |
In the classic 1957 drama, Twelve Angry Men, an 18-year-old Latino man is accused of first degree murder in the stabbing death of his father. Following the trial, the jury retires to a sweltering room to begin their deliberations. All but Juror #8 (Mr. Davis), played by Henry Fonda, view the matter as an open and shut case and vote to convict....; Search Snippet: ...ACC Docket September, 2008 Department Collateral Business Ethics TWELVE ANGRY MEN AND ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING James A. Nortz [FNa1] Copyright © 2008... |
1995 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Nancy D. Polikoff |
We Will Get What We Ask For: Why Legalizing Gay and Lesbian Marriage Will Not "Dismantle the Legal Structure of Gender in Every Marriage" |
79 Virginia Law Review 1535 (October, 1993) |
THE arguments for and against making marriage a priority for the lesbian and gay rights movement have been presented extensively. Attorney Tom Stoddard justifies aggressively pursuing same-sex marriage on three bases. First, Stoddard cites practical reasons, including the right to obtain direct economic benefits (e.g., social security benefits,...; Search Snippet: ...AND LESBIAN MARRIAGE WILL NOT DISMANTLE THE LEGAL STRUCTURE OF GENDER IN EVERY MARRIAGE [FNa] Nancy D. Polikoff [FNd] Copyright ©... |
1995 |
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| Wilma Williams Pinder |
When Will Black Women Lawyers Slay the Two-headed Dragon; Racism and Gender Bias? |
20 Pepperdine Law Review 1053 (1993) |
Racism remains the most debilitating virus in the American system and the consequences spill over into almost every facet of life. Lawyers are often analogized to knights because of the many characteristics they share. Both groups of warriors dedicate themselves to causes for which they fight. Skill and courage are essential characteristics in...; Search Snippet: ...BLACK WOMEN LAWYERS SLAY THE TWO-HEADED DRAGON; RACISM AND GENDER BIAS? Wilma Williams Pinder [FNa] Copyright (c) 1993 by the... |
1995 |
Yes |
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| Geneva Brown |
White Man's Justice, Black Man's Grief: Voting Disenfranchisement and the Failure of the Social Contract |
10 Berkeley Journal of African-American Law & Policy 287 (2008) |
Chester blinked at the harsh light in the courtroom and peered around curiously. He had been in and out of courtrooms all his life, but he never got over his fear of them. The black-robed men who sat up high on the benches dispensing their so-called justice filled him with awe. It was not a feeling of reverence or of wonder caused by something...; Search Snippet: ...Journal of African-American Law & Policy 2008 Articles & Essays WHITE MAN'S JUSTICE, BLACK MAN'S GRIEF: VOTING DISENFRANCHISEMENT AND THE FAILURE OF THE SOCIAL CONTRACT... |
1995 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Samuel Josephs |
Whose Revolution Is This? Gender's Divisive Role in the Black Panther Party |
9 Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law 403 (2008) |
I. Calling All Men: Background and Context of Gender's Role Early On. 404 A. Early Recruitment. 408 B. Women Gain Interest. 410 C. Women Join the Party. 412 II. The Federal, State, and Local Attack on The Black Panther Party. 413 III. Gender's Divide. 416 A. The Visibility of Panther Women: Gender Discussed on the Front Pages. 416 B. Gender as an...; Search Snippet: ...of Gender and Sexuality Law Note WHOSE REVOLUTION IS THIS? GENDER'S DIVISIVE ROLE IN THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY Samuel Josephs [FNa1... |
1995 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Roseanna Sommers, Kate Weisburd |
"LEGALLY MAGIC" WORDS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE ACCESSIBILITY OF FIFTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS |
119 Northwestern University Law Review 637 (2024) |
Abstract--Fifth Amendment case law (including Miranda v. Arizona) requires that individuals assert their right to counsel or silence using explicit, clear, and unambiguous statements--or, as some dissenting judges have lamented, using legally magic words. Through a survey of 1,718 members of the U.S. public, we investigate what ordinary... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| David Ray Papke |
12 Angry Men Is Not an Archetype: Reflections on the Jury in Contemporary Popular Culture |
82 Chicago-Kent Law Review 735 (2007) |
Fifty years after its initial release, 12 Angry Men (1957) remains an important cinematic and political work. Davis, the juror played superbly by actor Henry Fonda, is a genuine American hero who is determined to respect and honor reasoned deliberation. The other jurors, played by some of the best actors of the 1950s, come alive as character types...; Search Snippet: ...Marder III. 12 Angry Men in Popular Cultures 12 ANGRY MEN IS NOT AN ARCHETYPE: REFLECTIONS ON THE JURY IN CONTEMPORARY... |
1994 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Carmelyn P. Malalis, Linda A. Neilan |
A Crackdown on Caregiver Discrimination |
43-AUG Trial 32 (August, 2007) |
Last year, along with the American Civil Liberties Union and the New York Civil Liberties Union, we represented six women police officers who sued their employer, claiming that its policy barring officers from light-duty assignments--like working a desk job--while they were pregnant violated the federal Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) and New...; Search Snippet: ...Family Leave Can Manifest as Discrimination--against Both Women and Men Carmelyn P. Malalis Linda A. Neilan [FNa1] Copyright © 2007 by... |
1994 |
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African/Black American |
| Caroline Mala Corbin |
A CRITICAL RACE THEORY ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL RACE THEORY BANS |
14 UC Irvine Law Review 57 (January, 2024) |
A majority of state legislatures have introduced bills prohibiting public schools from teaching certain divisive concepts attributed to critical race theory (CRT), with at least fifteen states successfully enacting them. This Article applies a critical race theory analysis to these critical race theory bans, finding that the bans embody white... |
1994 |
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| Mar Jimeno-Bulnes |
A Different Story Line for 12 Angry Men: Verdicts Reached by Majority Rule--the Spanish Perspective |
82 Chicago-Kent Law Review 759 (2007) |
The film 12 Angry Men deals with one of the main aspects of trial by jury, namely, the process of deliberation. Not only does it consider the difficulties involved in reaching a unanimous verdict under U.S. legislation, but it also points out other weaknesses of the judicial system, particularly, in my view, jury prejudice towards the defendant and...; Search Snippet: ...in Popular Cultures A DIFFERENT STORY LINE FOR 12 ANGRY MEN: VERDICTS REACHED BY MAJORITY RULE--THE SPANISH PERSPECTIVE Mar Jimeno... |
1994 |
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African/Black American |
| Maia Young |
ALL EYEZ ON RAP & HIP-HOP: ANALYZING HOW BLACK EXPRESSION IS CRIMINALIZED AND THE LANGUAGE OF THE RAP ACT OF 2022 |
19 Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts 1 (Spring, 2024) |
The Black existence, in the United States of America, has always been regarded as a conditional right. Conventionally, Blackness must always be nonviolent and non-disruptive to safely exist. Because of this, Blackness cannot be confined to restraints and disrupts these conventions with acts of joy and creative expression. Black creativity is both... |
1994 |
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| Eric Alan Isaacson |
Assaulting America's Mainstream Values: Hans Zeiger's Get off My Honor: the Assault on the Boy Scouts of America |
5 Pierce Law Review 433 (3/1/2007) |
Lieutenant Colonel Oliver L. North's Foreword to Hans Zeiger's book Get Off My Honor: The Assault on the Boy Scouts of America warns that one of America's most trusted institutions, the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), is under siege for advancing what many of us euphemistically call traditional values. Euphemistically? North's choice of words...; Search Snippet: ...HANS ZEIGER's GET OFF MY HONOR: THE ASSAULT ON THE BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA Get Off My Honor: The Assault on The Boy Scouts Of America. By Hans Zeiger. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers... |
1994 |
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African/Black American |
| Thomas W. Simon |
DOES BLACK LEGAL THEORY MATTER? CRITICAL RACE THEORY AND A REVIVED RADICALISM |
18 Southern Journal of Policy and Justice 137 (May, 2024) |
C1-2Contents A. Introduction. 139 B. Alternative Histories. 141 C. Theory. 156 D. Methods. 160 E. Liberal Diversions. 168 F. Intersectionality. 195 G. Radical CRT. 209 H. Conclusion. 212 |
1994 |
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| Donald E. Shelton |
Equally Bad Is Not Good: Allowing Title Ix "Compliance" by the Elimination of Men's Collegiate Sports |
34 University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform 253 (Fall & Winter 2000 & 2001) |
Athletic participation is an important part of the educational process, instilling important lessons about discipline and teamwork. Title IX was intended to address the historic lack of opportunities for women and girls to participate in school athletics. Unfortunately, the current administrative interpretation of Title IX permits the elimination...; Search Snippet: ...NOT GOOD: ALLOWING TITLE IX COMPLIANCE BY THE ELIMINATION OF MEN'S COLLEGIATE SPORTS Donald E. Shelton [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2001 University... |
1994 |
Yes |
Hispanic/Latinx American |
| June Carbone , Clare Huntington |
FATHERHOOD, FAMILY LAW, AND THE CRISIS OF BOYS AND MEN |
124 Columbia Law Review 2153 (November, 2024) |
Boys and men in all racial and ethnic groups and across most socioeconomic groups are struggling on many fronts, including education, employment, physical and mental health, and social integration. In these areas and more, boys and men are much worse off than they were only a few decades ago. The crisis--which is concentrated among men without... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Dana J. Hubbard, Cleveland State University |
Getting the Most out of Correctional Treatment: Testing the Responsivity Principle on Male and Female Offenders |
71-JUN Federal Probation Probation 2 (June, 2007) |
IT IS NO SURPRISE that the number of offenders under correctional supervision has been steadily increasing. In fact, this number has increased more than 188 percent since 1973 (Clear, 1994). Moreover, it is likely that on most days, more than 1.8 million Americans are behind bars (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1998). Women and girls have not been...; Search Snippet: ...MOST OUT OF CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT: TESTING THE RESPONSIVITY PRINCIPLE ON MALE AND FEMALE OFFENDERS Dana J. Hubbard Cleveland State University Copyright... |
1994 |
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African/Black American |
| Jocelyn Y. Labove |
Harry Johnson |
44-JUN Houston Lawyer 32 (May/June, 2007) |
Open, genuine, and devoted to his cause is the person who agreed to spearhead a fundraising effort to make the Martin Luther King Memorial a reality. In 2004, Harry Johnson, a local attorney and law professor, became the National President of Alpha Phi Alpha, Inc., the historically African American National fraternity that Martin Luther King joined...; Search Snippet: ...Lawyer May/June, 2007 Feature Local Hero HARRY JOHNSON The Man Who Would Build a Memorial for King Jocelyn Y. Labove... |
1994 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| |
Harvard Law School Lambda Second Annual Gay and Lesbian Legal Advocacy Conference "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" |
14 Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy 1173 (May, 2007) |
I. Opening Remarks: Joseph C. Steffan. 1173 II. Panel One: Is Don't Ask, Don't Tell Good Public Policy?. 1185 III. Panel Two: What Does Lawrence v. Texas Mean for the Future of Don't Ask, Don't Tell ?. 1204 IV. Panel Three: The Contours of Judicial Deference to Military Personnel Policies. 1229 V. Panel Four: Service member Experiences. 1253...; Search Snippet: ...of freed African American slaves. As the need for more men to fight grew, the Union reconsidered its position and permitted African American men to join the Army, though only in segregated units. In... |
1994 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Kimberly Jenkins Robinson |
IN MEMORIAM: PROFESSOR CHARLES J. OGLETREE, JR. |
137 Harvard Law Review 2124 (June, 2024) |
Celebrating Charles Ogletree, Jr. comes naturally to so many people because he served not only as a tireless champion of equality and justice, but also as a devoted professor, mentor and friend. I write to celebrate another aspect of this legal luminary: his life as a scholar. Through his scholarship, Charles illuminated the varied manifestations... |
1994 |
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| David A. Singleton |
Interest Convergence and the Education of African-american Boys in Cincinnati: Motivating Suburban Whites to Embrace Interdistrict Education Reform |
34 Northern Kentucky Law Review 663 (2007) |
Education is essential to preparing our youth to be productive members of our society, with the skills and knowledge necessary to compete in the modern world. -DeRolph v. State The Ohio Constitution guarantees a thorough and efficient system of common schools -a quality education-to Ohio's school children. For most black boys attending Cincinnati...; Search Snippet: ...Civil Rights Issue Articles INTEREST CONVERGENCE AND THE EDUCATION OF AFRICAN- AMERICAN BOYS IN CINCINNATI: MOTIVATING SUBURBAN WHITES TO EMBRACE INTERDISTRICT EDUCATION REFORM... |
1994 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Emmanuel Mauleón |
LEGAL ENDEARMENT: AN UNMARKED BARRIER TO TRANSFORMING POLICING, PUBLIC SAFETY, AND SECURITY |
112 California Law Review 755 (June, 2024) |
The problems of racialized policing have come into renewed focus over the past decade. The advent of viral bystander videos has not only forced a popular confrontation with moments of both routine and extraordinary policing violence but also sparked protests, uprisings, and grassroots movements to challenge current practices in policing and... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Kristen Paige Green |
LETTERS TO SOLEIL: REPRODUCTIVE REPARATIONS AS BLACK MATERNAL JUSTICE |
112 Georgetown Law Journal 1543 (June, 2024) |
C1-3Table of Contents L1-2Introduction . L31544 I. State of Black Maternal Mortality. 1546 a. state of black pregnancy. 1547 b. state of black childbirth. 1550 c. state of black postpartum. 1552 II. Maternity and Misogynoir. 1554 a. othering the black mother. 1554 b. labeling the black mother. 1556 c. commodifying the black mother. 1560 III. Modern... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Sonia M. Gipson Rankin |
MITIGATING ALGORITHMIC BIAS |
20 SciTech Lawyer 26 (Summer, 2024) |
This article examines the pervasive issue of algorithmic bias, particularly within large language models (LLMs) and the legal system. It argues that unlike simple programming bugs, these biases are deeply ingrained in the design and training data of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. By understanding the historical roots of bias and its... |
1994 |
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| Ted Shepherd |
NOT "INDIAN" ENOUGH: FREEDMEN, JURISDICTION, AND EQUAL PROTECTION |
2024 Pepperdine Law Review 43 (2024) |
Beginning in the 17th century, many American Indians owned enslaved African workers. They stopped only at the end of the Civil War, when several Tribal Nations signed treaties with the federal government requiring them to emancipate their enslaved workers. The treaties also required the Nations to enroll these Freedmen and their descendants as... |
1994 |
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| Etienne C. Toussaint |
ON THE CULTIVATION OF BLACK LETTER LAW |
124 Columbia Law Review Forum 151 (11/14/2024) |
Engaging with the sociocultural dimensions of race and racism across U.S. history is essential when creating, critiquing, and reforming the law. Building on Robin West's exploration of the law and culture movement, this Piece introduces a novel hermeneutic project that reads Black American culture throughout U.S. history to gain critical insights... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Caitlin Glass, Kat M. Albrecht, Perry Moriearty |
PROSECUTORIAL DATA TRANSPARENCY AND DATA JUSTICE |
119 Northwestern University Law Review 193 (2024) |
Abstract--The U.S. criminal legal system is notoriously racialized. Though Black and Latinx people make up less than 30% of U.S. residents, they constitute more than 50% of the nearly two million people currently in U.S. prisons and jails. For decades, research has indicated that one group of decision-makers has had an outsized influence on these... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Omavi Shukur |
PUNISHING INVOLUNTARY RESISTANCE |
113 Georgetown Law Journal 1 (October, 2024) |
Prosecutors should have to prove voluntariness in cases arising out of resistance to arrest. During an arrest, police violence--such as the use of pepper spray or police canines--may induce involuntary resistance. Such resistance may give rise to criminal charges. The actus reus element of criminal responsibility, however, provides that a person... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Melda Gurakar |
RACE, DISABILITY, AND POLICE MISCONDUCT: A DISCRIT APPROACH TO PRIVACY LAW AND THE KILLINGS OF RYAN GAINER AND SONYA MASSEY |
124 Columbia Law Review Forum 221 (12/2/2024) |
In March 2024, police killed Ryan Gainer, a Black teenager with autism, in his California home after his family sought help during a behavioral crisis. Several months later, police killed Sonya Massey, a Black woman experiencing a mental health crisis, in her Illinois home. This Comment examines the failure of U.S. privacy law to protect disabled... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Scott Phillips , Justin Marceau , Sam Kamin , Nicole King |
SACRED VICTIMS: FIFTY YEARS OF DATA ON VICTIM RACE AND SEX AS PREDICTORS OF EXECUTION |
114 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 249 (Spring, 2024) |
In this essay, we update and expand David Baldus's famous study of Georgia homicides in the 1970s to uncover the impact of the race and sex of homicide victims on whether a defendant was sentenced to death and ultimately executed. We show that the odds of a death sentence were sixteen times greater if the victim was a White woman than if the victim... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Laura Cohen |
THE ANTI-RACIST IMPERATIVE OF INFANCY |
19 Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy 177 (Spring, 2024) |
In 2019, a widely disseminated video of the arrest of a six-year-old girl in her Florida elementary school provoked outrage across the country. The footage shows the girl sobbing as an armed police officer in full uniform and bullet-proof vest handcuffs and leads her from the principal's office to a waiting patrol car. Her crime was having a temper... |
1994 |
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| Dave Hall , Brad Areheart |
THE BIAS PRESUMPTION |
112 Georgetown Law Journal 749 (April, 2024) |
The American workplace is a fractured sphere of public life, in which white men often wield power at the expense of women and people of color. However, that power imbalance is no longer fully imbued with the active animus that characterized the first few centuries of American life; now, much of the damage done by discrimination is done structurally... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Eve Rips |
THE COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCES OF SCHOOL DISCIPLINARY RECORDS |
2024 Michigan State Law Review 175 (2024) |
Although a large body of scholarship has addressed the lifelong consequences of criminal records, researchers and advocates have paid less attention to the analogous set of permanent consequences that attach to school disciplinary records. Likewise, although many authors have addressed inequities in school discipline, the school-to-prison pipeline,... |
1994 |
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