| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | Gender in title or Summary | Ethnicity Identified in Title |
| Pamela J. Smith ; |
Part Ii--romantic Paternalism--the Ties That Bind: Hierarchies of Economic Oppression That Reveal Judicial Disaffinity for Black Women and Men |
3 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 181 (Fall 1999) |
Preface I. Introduction II. Black Women and Economic Exploitation: No Romance and No Paternalistic Protection A. Economic Exploitation of Black Women's Labor B. Expanded Economic Exploitation 1. Exploitation Shown Through Type of Work Availability 2. Exploitation Shown Through Wage Disparities C. Black Women's Quasi-Protection Under Sex Plus D....; Search Snippet: ...ECONOMIC OPPRESSION THAT REVEAL JUDICIAL DISAFFINITY FOR BLACK WOMEN AND MEN Pamela J. Smith [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1999 Journal of Gender... |
1999 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Risa L. Goluboff |
Won't You Please Help Me Get My Son Home: Peonage, Patronage, and Protest in the World War Ii Urban South |
24 Law and Social Inquiry 777 (Fall, 1999) |
During World War II, young African Americans from southern cities left their homes for what appeared to be patriotic job opportunities harvesting sugar cane in Florida. When returning workers described peonage and slavery instead, parents worried about their children's safety. After attempting to contact their children directly, the parents...; Search Snippet: ...Student Prize Winner WON'T YOU PLEASE HELP ME GET MY SON HOME: PEONAGE, PATRONAGE, AND PROTEST IN THE WORLD WAR II... |
1999 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Curtis Nyquist, Patrick Ruiz and Frank Smith |
Using Students as Discussion Leaders on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Issues in First-year Courses |
49 Journal of Legal Education 535 (December, 1999) |
One of the authors, Nyquist, is a nongay white biologically male law teacher. Ruiz is a heteroqueer evolved-male (the now-antiquated term is transsexual) Hispanic law student. Smith is a gay white biologically male law student. Both Ruiz and Smith are active in the Les-Bi-Gay-Trans Caucus at the New England School of Law and have been involved in...; Search Snippet: ...Article USING STUDENTS AS DISCUSSION LEADERS ON SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY ISSUES IN FIRST-YEAR COURSES Curtis Nyquist Patrick Ruiz... |
1999 |
Yes |
Hispanic/Latinx American |
| Michael J. Kelly |
A Skeleton in the Legal Closet: the Discovery of "Kennewick Man" Crystalizes the Debate over Federal Law Governing Disposal of Ancient Human Remains |
21 University of Hawaii Law Review 41 (Summer, 1999) |
Hope springs eternal in the human breast; Man never Is, but always To be blest. The soul, uneasy, and confin'd from home, Rests and expiates in a life to come. Lo, the poor Indian! Whose untutor'd mind Sees God in clouds, or hears him in the wind; His soul proud Science never taught to stray Far as the solar walk or milky way; Yet simple Nature to...; Search Snippet: ...A SKELETON IN THE LEGAL CLOSET: THE DISCOVERY OF KENNEWICK MAN CRYSTALIZES THE DEBATE OVER FEDERAL LAW GOVERNING DISPOSAL OF ANCIENT... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| Rachel A. Van Cleave |
Advancing Tolerance and Equality Using State Constitutions: Are the Boy Scouts Prepared? |
29 Stetson Law Review 237 (Fall, 1999) |
Yoda, in star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace (Lucasfilm Ltd. 1999) Intolerance remains a significant problem in the United States. The recent shooting spree at a Jewish Community Center in Los Angeles illustrates the persistent historical menace of religious intolerance. The violent murder of James Byrd, Jr. in Jasper, Texas exemplifies racial...; Search Snippet: ...Symposium ADVANCING TOLERANCE AND EQUALITY USING STATE CONSTITUTIONS: ARE THE BOY SCOUTS PREPARED? [FNa1] Rachel A. Van Cleave [FNaa1] Copyright ©... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| |
Civil Rights--public Accommodation Statutes--new Jersey Supreme Court Holds That Boy Scouts May Not Deny Membership to Homosexuals.--dale V. Boy Scouts of America, 734 A.2d 1196 (N.j. 1999), Petition for Cert. Filed, 68 U.s.l.w. 1083 (U.s. Oct. 25, 1999) |
113 Harvard Law Review 621 (December, 1999) |
States have long used public accommodation statutes to abate discriminatory practices at traditional places of public accommodation, such as commercial establishments and facilities. Although early applications of these laws were relatively uncontroversial, an expanding view of what constitutes public accommodation has prompted concerns about...; Search Snippet: ...RIGHTS--PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION STATUTES--NEW JERSEY SUPREME COURT HOLDS THAT BOY SCOUTS MAY NOT DENY MEMBERSHIP TO HOMOSEXUALS.--DALE V. BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA, 734 A.2D 1196 (N.J. 1999), PETITION... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| James E. Robertson |
Cruel and Unusual Punishment in United States Prisons: Sexual Harassment among Male Inmates |
36 American Criminal Law Review 1 (Winter, 1999) |
The minute I walked in[to the prison] there was this uproar. They [inmates] hollered obscenities and all sorts of names. They [officers] told me to walk down the middle of this line like I was on exhibition. I was shaking in my boots. They were screaming things like, That is for me, and This one won't take long, he will be easy. And, Look at...; Search Snippet: ...AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT IN UNITED STATES PRISONS: SEXUAL HARASSMENT AMONG MALE INMATES James E. Robertson [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1999 by the... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| Julie A. Greenberg |
Defining Male and Female: Intersexuality and the Collision Between Law and Biology |
41 Arizona Law Review 265 (Summer, 1999) |
I. Introduction 266 II. A Binary Sex and Gender Paradigm 270 A. Sex 271 B. Gender 274 C. Binary Assumptions 275 III. Intersexed Medical Conditions 278 A. Sexual Differentiation--The Typical Path 279 B. Sexual Differentiation--Intersexuals: The Paths Less Followed 281 1. Ambiguity Within a Factor 281 2. Ambiguity Among Factors 283 IV. Legal...; Search Snippet: ...REVIEW Arizona Law Review Summer, 1999 Symposium Therapeutic Jurisprudence DEFINING MALE AND FEMALE: INTERSEXUALITY AND THE COLLISION BETWEEN LAW AND BIOLOGY... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| Marc R. Poirier |
Gender Stereotypes at Work |
65 Brooklyn Law Review 1073 (Winter, 1999) |
Virginia Valian's Why So Slow? examines why women in the professions continue to be held back relative to men in ways that have little to do with overt, intentional gender discrimination. It succeeds admirably. Dr. Valian presents a scientific basis for the argument that women are systematically disadvantaged through myriad small, often...; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW Brooklyn Law Review Winter, 1999 December, 1999 Roundtable GENDER STEREOTYPES AT WORK [FNa1] Marc R. Poirier [FNd1] Copyright ©... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| Charles B. Craver , David W. Barnes |
Gender, Risk Taking, and Negotiation Performance |
5 Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 299 (1999) |
Generally, men are described by a series of traits that reflect competence, rationality, and assertiveness. Men, for example, are viewed as independent, objective, active, competitive, adventurous, self-confident, and ambitious. Women are seen as possessing the opposite of each of these traits. They are characterized as dependent, subjective,...; Search Snippet: ...GENDER AND LAW Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 1999 Article GENDER, RISK TAKING, AND NEGOTIATION PERFORMANCE Charles B. Craver [FNa1] David... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| John Guenther |
Oncale Goes to School: Male-male Harassment and Gender Policing |
1 Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law 159 (Fall, 1999) |
High school student Brian Seamons was seized by five of his football teammates as he emerged from the shower. While the rest of the team looked on, the five, using athletic tape, bound Seamon's genitals to a locker room towel bar. Then, the teammates brought other students, including a girl Seamon had dated, to view Brian. The football coach...; Search Snippet: ...in Schools March 4, 1999 Note ONCALE GOES TO SCHOOL: MALE- MALE HARASSMENT AND GENDER POLICING John Guenther [FNa1] Copyright © 1999 by The Georgetown Journal... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| Carrie Peterson |
Separation Anxiety and Boot Camp: Why Basic Training Should Remain Gender-integrated |
17 Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice 139 (Winter, 1999) |
Several members of Congress are supporting legislation to separate men and women in basic training in the military for a variety of reasons, including sexual harassment and sexual relations between men and women. The push for such legislation began with several incidents involving multiple fraternization, sexual harassment and rape charges at the...; Search Snippet: ...SEPARATION ANXIETY AND BOOT CAMP: WHY BASIC TRAINING SHOULD REMAIN GENDER-INTEGRATED Carrie Peterson [FNa1] Copyright (c) by the Law and... |
1999 |
Yes |
|
| Mari J. Matsuda |
Crime and Affirmative Action |
1 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 309 (Spring 1998) |
Let me begin, as critical race theorists often do, with a story. Earlier this year, in the city of Los Angeles, a three-generation Korean American family moved into a new home. The grandfather from the family left to take his customary evening stroll. Don't go too far, and please come back soon, his daughter requested. As he returned from his...; Search Snippet: ...play out in disproportionate arrest, conviction, and incarceration rates for African American men. Patriarchal ideas about women as objects play out in the... |
1998 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Tonya M. Evans |
In the Title Ix Race Toward Gender Equity , the Black Female Athlete Is Left to Finish Last: the Lack of Access for the "Invisible Woman." |
42 Howard Law Journal 105 (Fall, 1998) |
Although each of us is defined by race and gender, those of us who are neither white nor male often experience invisibility as a result of our dual subordinate status.... Black women have been disproportionately located at the lower end of the economic hierarchy and, therefore, have been unable to afford private golf, swimming, or tennis lessons....; Search Snippet: ...Journal Fall, 1998 Comment IN THE TITLE IX RACE TOWARD GENDER EQUITY [FN1] , THE BLACK FEMALE ATHLETE IS LEFT TO FINISH... |
1998 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Robert M. Cearley, Jr. |
Racial and Gender Bias - Leading by Example |
33-FALL Arkansas Lawyer 2 (Fall, 1998) |
In 1962 an African-American man was convicted of contempt for refusing to sit in the section of the courtroom reserved for Negroes. The conviction was reversed by the U.S. Supreme Court in a per curiam opinion. Johnson v. Virginia, 373 U.S. 61 (1963). The next year an African-American female witness was held in contempt for refusing to answer...; Search Snippet: ...ARKANSAS LAWYER Arkansas Lawyer Fall, 1998 President's Report RACIAL AND GENDER BIAS - LEADING BY EXAMPLE Robert M. Cearley, Jr. [FNa1] Copyright... |
1998 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Tracey Maclin |
Terry V. Ohio's Fourth Amendment Legacy: Black Men and Police Discretion |
72 Saint John's Law Review 1271 (Summer-Fall 1998) |
It's harder to work in these neighborhoods now than it used to be because we send the kids to school and teach them about rights and then put them back in the neighborhood. I think we ought to either get rid of these neighborhoods or stop teaching these kids about their rights. --Police officer's response to blacks who resist patrol tactics...; Search Snippet: ...Terry and Race TERRY V. OHIO'S FOURTH AMENDMENT LEGACY: BLACK MEN AND POLICE DISCRETION Tracey Maclin [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1998 St... |
1998 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Doris Marie Provine |
Too Many Black Men: the Sentencing Judge's Dilemma |
23 Law and Social Inquiry 823 (Fall, 1998) |
Legal reform sometimes has unanticipated, even ironic, results. A good example is federal legislation adopted in the 1980s that was supposed to enhance equity in sentencing. Congress, like many state legislatures in this period, reduced judicial control over sentencing by adopting presumptive sentencing guidelines for all serious criminal offenses...; Search Snippet: ...Special Issue of Honor of Herbert Jacob TOO MANY BLACK MEN: THE SENTENCING JUDGE'S DILEMMA Doris Marie Provine [FNa1] Copyright ©... |
1998 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| D. Marvin Jones |
We're All Stuck Here for a While: Law and the Social Construction of the Black Male |
24 Journal of Contemporary Law 35 (1998) |
I am an invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted Edgar Allan Poe, nor am I one of your Hollywood-movie ectoplasms. I am a man of substance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids--and I might even be said to possess a mind. One of the greatest inventions of the twentieth century is the African-American male--invented because black...; Search Snippet: ...A WHILE: LAW AND THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE BLACK MALE [FNa1] D. Marvin Jones [FNaa1] Copyright (c) 1998 Journal of... |
1998 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Dominick Vetri |
Almost Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Lesbians and Gay Men, Their Families, and the Law |
26 Southern University Law Review 1 (Fall, 1998) |
I. Introduction. 3 II. Background on Gay and Lesbian People. 4 III. A Brief Background of Unmarried Couples: Straight and Gay. 13 A. Common Law Marriage. 13 B. Unmarried Heterosexual Couples Today. 16 C. Unmarried Gay and Lesbian Couples Today. 20 IV. American Families: Straight and Gay. 21 A. Families Generally. 22 B. Census Bias Against Domestic...; Search Snippet: ...EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT LESBIANS AND GAY MEN, THEIR FAMILIES, AND THE LAW Dominick Vetri [FNa1] Copyright ©... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Kevin Jon Heller |
Beyond the Reasonable Man? A Sympathetic but Critical Assessment of the Use of Subjective Standards of Reasonableness in Self-defense and Provocation Cases |
26 American Journal of Criminal Law 1 (Fall 1998) |
I. Introduction. 3 II. The Objective Standard of Reasonableness. 8 A. Definition and Rationale. 8 B. The Two Versions of the Objective Standard. 9 1. The Difference Between Justifications and Excuses. 10 2. Self-defense and Provocation as Justifications. 11 a. Self-defense as a justification. 11 b. Provocation as a justification. 19 3. Provocation...; Search Snippet: ...Journal of Criminal Law Fall 1998 Article BEYOND THE REASONABLE MAN? A SYMPATHETIC BUT CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF SUBJECTIVE... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| PHYLLIS L. CROCKER |
Feminism and Defending Men on Death Row |
29 Saint Mary's Law Journal 981 (1998) |
I. Introduction. 981 II. Personal Stories About Death and Violence. 985 III. Legal Considerations of Individual Experiences of Violence. 989 A. Feminist Legal Theory and Lawmaking. 989 B. Death Penalty Jurisprudence and Defense Practice. 995 IV. Reconciling Violence, Outrage, and Compassion. 1001 A. Considering Men on Death Row As Individuals. 1002...; Search Snippet: ...25 Years after Furman v. Georgia Essay FEMINISM AND DEFENDING MEN ON DEATH ROW PHYLLIS L. CROCKER [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1998... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Sarah Berger, Angela Olivia Burton, Peggy Cooper Davis, Elizabeth Ehrenfest Steinglass, and Robert Levy |
Hey! There's Ladies Here!! |
73 New York University Law Review 1022 (June, 1998) |
When the 2,000 Year Old Man was asked about the origins of sex, he recalled Bernie's Discovery: One morning, the 2,000 Year Old Man said, Bernie woke up smiling, and he said, Hey! There's ladies here!! There have been significant numbers of ladies in law school classrooms for more than thirty years. Although the Supreme Court held in 1873...; Search Snippet: ...June, 1998 Essay HEY! THERE'S LADIES HERE!! Reflections on: Becoming Gentlemen: Women, Law School, and Institutional Change by Lani Guinier, Michelle... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Pemela Scheininger |
Legal Separateness, Private Connectedness: an Impediment to Gender Equality in the Family |
31 Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems 283 (Spring, 1998) |
The standards of the law are standards of general application. The law takes no account of the infinite varieties of temperament, intellect, and education which make the internal character of a given act so different in different men. Formal legal systems are characterized by standards of general application, not individualized rules. Their laws...; Search Snippet: ...Problems Spring, 1998 LEGAL SEPARATENESS, PRIVATE CONNECTEDNESS: AN IMPEDIMENT TO GENDER EQUALITY IN THE FAMILY Pemela Scheininger [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1998... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Jeffery C. Mingo |
More Colors than the Rainbow: Gay Men of Color Speak about Their Identities and Legal Choices |
8 Law and Sexuality: A Review of Lesbian, Gay. Bisexual, and Transgender Legal Issues 561 (1998) |
I. Introduction. 562 II. Gay Rights, Special Rights. 566 III. Andrew Cunanan. 571 IV. Perry Watkins. 578 V. Gay Men of Color at Boalt. 583 VI. The Interviews. 590; Search Snippet: ...Transgender Legal Issues 1998 MORE COLORS THAN THE RAINBOW: GAY MEN OF COLOR SPEAK ABOUT THEIR IDENTITIES AND LEGAL CHOICES Jeffery... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Aviva Orenstein |
No Bad Men!: a Feminist Analysis of Character Evidence in Rape Trials |
49 Hastings Law Journal 663 (March, 1998) |
Introduction. 664 I. The Current State of Character Evidence. 668 A. Doctrine. 668 B. Reasons Behind the Rules. 669 II. The Challenge of Rape Trials: A Feminist View. 672 A. Denial of Rape. 672 B. The Cultural Paradigm. 677 (1)Cultural Profile of the Rapist. 678 (2)Cultural Profile of the Survivor. 679 C. The Paradigm in Action. 682 III. Evaluating...; Search Snippet: ...of Evidence Law Panel 6 - Character Evidence Revisited NO BAD MEN!: A FEMINIST ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER EVIDENCE IN RAPE TRIALS Aviva... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| David P. Farrington |
Predictors, Causes, and Correlates of Male Youth Violence |
24 Crime and Justice 421 (1998) |
Youth who commit one type of violent offense tend to commit others; they also tend to commit nonviolent offenses and have co-occurring problems such as substance abuse and sexual promiscuity. Violent offenders tend to be frequent or persistent offenders. There is considerable continuity from childhood aggression to youth violence. The major...; Search Snippet: ...and Justice 1998 Youth Violence PREDICTORS, CAUSES, AND CORRELATES OF MALE YOUTH VIOLENCE David P. Farrington [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1998 by... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Rev. Raymond C. O'Brien |
Single-gender Marriage: a Religious Perspective |
7 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 429 (Spring 1998) |
Little has changed so rapidly and so pervasively as family law in the United States. The dynamism of this change is revolutionary. Long-settled principles and practices regarding divorce, marital property, spousal support, and custody, to mention only a few instances, have been abandoned or substantially modified over the last few decades. Not...; Search Snippet: ...Same-sex Relationship Panel Four: Religion, Morality and Sexuality SINGLE- GENDER MARRIAGE: A RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVE Rev. Raymond C. O'Brien [FNa1] Copyright... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Paul A. Davis |
What Is "Sex" ? Heterosexual-male-on-heterosexual-male Sexual Harassment Actions after Oncale V. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. |
71 Southern California Law Review 1341 (September, 1998) |
INTRODUCTION. 1343 I. TITLE VII PROTECTION PRIOR TO ONCALE. 1346 A. The Development of Title VII Sexual Harassment Causes of Action: Quid Pro Quo and Hostile Environment. 1346 BHeterosexual-Male-on-Heterosexual-Male Sexual Harassment Prior to Oncale. 1348 1The Pattern in the Cases1348 2. The Circuit Division That Led to Oncale. 1350 II. ONCALE V....; Search Snippet: ...California Law Review September, 1998 Note WHAT IS SEX ? HETEROSEXUAL- MALE-ON-HETEROSEXUAL- MALE [FNa1] SEXUAL HARASSMENT ACTIONS AFTER ONCALE V. SUNDOWNER OFFSHORE SERVICES... |
1998 |
Yes |
|
| Susan Hatcher |
Beyond the Bare Numbers |
24 American Journal of Criminal Law 455 (Spring 1997) |
Imagine yourself sitting down to watch the evening news. The lead story flashes onto the screen, and before you have the opportunity to channel in on the spoken report, the visual footage arouses your interest. . . . An African-American male in his mid-twenties, lying face down on the pavement with his hands stretched tightly behind his back...; Search Snippet: ...1997 Book Note BEYOND THE BARE NUMBERS Search and Destroy: African- American Males in the Criminal Justice System. By Jerome G. Miller. New... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Julie Cooper |
Board of County Commissioners V. Umbehr: a Rejection of the Categorical Approach to First Ammendment Analysis and an Affirmation of the Core Values Underlying Free Speech Protection |
6 Widener Journal of Public Law 457 (1997) |
There is a profound national commitment to the principle that debate on public issues should be uninhibited, robust, and wide-open. The First Amendment provides in relevant part that Congress shall make no law . abridging the freedom of speech. Historically, the Free Speech Clause has served to protect individuals' free speech and political...; Search Snippet: ...of race, color, creed, religion or gender. [FN117] Several young men violated the ordinance by burning a cross in the yard of their African- American neighbors. [FN118] The city of St. Paul eventually prosecuted the... |
1997 |
Yes |
African/Black American |