AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearKeyTerm
Leti Volpp Obnoxious to Their Very Nature : Asian Americans and Constitutional Citizenship 8 Asian Law Journal 71 (May, 2001) [T]he American of Asian descent remains the symbolic alien, the metonym for Asia who by definition cannot be imagined as sharing in America (Lowe, 1996, p. 6). The terms Asian American and American citizenship stand in curious juxtaposition. It might be thought that the latter easily embraces the former, but historically this has not been the... 2001  
Harvey Gee The Refugee Burden: a Closer Look at the Refugee Act of 1980 26 North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation 559 (Spring 2001) I. Introduction. 560 II. Immigration, Policymaking, and the Law. 563 A. Citizenship and Community: The Racial and Cultural Politics of Belonging and the Plenary Power and Judicial Review. 563 B. Sharing the Burden of Refugees. 572 III. Reinterpreting Old Laws with New Perspectives. 573 IV. The Refugee Act of 1980 . 577 A. A Critical Theory of the... 2001  
Akhil Reed Amar The Second Amendment: a Case Study in Constitutional Interpretation 2001 Utah Law Review 889 (2001) The Rocky Mountain West is gun country in popular folklore and probably also in fact. Reliable numbers are hard to come by, but in one recent survey estimating the percentage of households with handguns, the Mountain states ranked well above the national average--and this in a nation with one of the highest per capita gun ownership rates in the... 2001  
Michael Robert W. Houston Birthright Citizenship in the United Kingdom and the United States: a Comparative Analysis of the Common Law Basis for Granting Citizenship to Children Born of Illegal Immigrants 33 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 693 (May, 2000) The common law concept of territorial birthright citizenship is the foundation for the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause, which confers citizenship on those born within the United States and subject to its jurisdiction. Likewise territorial underpinnings were the basis for over 375 years of birthright citizenship within the United... 2000 Yes
Michael Robert W. Houston BIRTHRIGHT CITIZENSHIP IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND THE UNITED STATES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE COMMON LAW BASIS FOR GRANTING CITIZENSHIP TO CHILDREN BORN OF ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS 33 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 693 (May, 2000) The common law concept of territorial birthright citizenship is the foundation for the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause, which confers citizenship on those born within the United States and subject to its jurisdiction. Likewise territorial underpinnings were the basis for over 375 years of birthright citizenship within the United... 2000 Yes
Kif Augustine-Adams Gendered States: a Comparative Construction of Citizenship and Nation 41 Virginia Journal of International Law 93 (Fall 2000) I. Introduction. 94 II. Differential Treatment of Men and Women Upheld. 99 A. Miller v. Albright, Supreme Court of the United States, 1998. 99 1. Unmarried Women Birth Citizens; Unmarried Men Leave Behind Children. 99 2. Justice Stevens's Opinion and Section 1409. 101 a. An Essentialized Approach to Gender. 101 b. Legal Fatherhood; Natural... 2000  
Anthony E. Cook King and the Beloved Community: a Communitarian Defense of Black Reparations 68 George Washington Law Review 959 (July/September, 2000) Much to the surprise and dismay of many, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. advocated that America pay reparations to black Americans for the unpaid wages of slavery. This paper argues that King's call for reparations is wholly consistent with his conception of a Beloved Community, a socio-spiritual vision of a transformed America. As a communitarian who... 2000  
Ediberto Román Members and Outsiders: an Examination of the Models of United States Citizenship as Well as Questions Concerning European Union Citizenship 9 University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review 81 (2000/2001) I. L2-3,T3Introduction 81 II. L2-3,T3The Scope of American Citizenship 82 III. L2-3,T3The Models of United States Citizenship 88 A. The True Fourteenth Amendment Citizens. 89 B. The Other Fourteenth Amendment Citizens. 90 C. The Alien-Citizens. 100 IV. L2-3,T3European Union Citizenship 107 V. L2-3,T3Conclusion 113 2000  
Kevin R. Johnson Race and Immigration Law and Enforcement: a Response to Is There a Plenary Power Doctrine? 14 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 289 (Winter, 2000) Professor Jack Chin has written a provocative paper that, as is characteristic of his work, has much to commend to it. His basic thesis is that the gulf between the constitutional law of immigration and that which applies to citizens is not as great as is frequently stated. To support this novel argument, he takes on the ambitious task of comparing... 2000  
Kevin R. Johnson Race Matters: Immigration Law and Policy Scholarship, Law in the Ivory Tower, and the Legal Indifference of the Race Critique 2000 University of Illinois Law Review 525 (2000) After the elimination of the discriminatory national origins quota system in 1965, the United States experienced a dramatic change in the demographics of immigration. Many more immigrants of color from developing nations have come to this country since the revolutionary reform. Over the decades following the elimination of the quota system, public... 2000  
Kevin R. Johnson The Case Against Race Profiling in Immigration Enforcement 78 Washington University Law Quarterly 675 (Fall 2000) I. Introduction. 676 II. Race Profiling in Criminal Law Enforcement. 680 A. Harms. 684 B. Legal Remedies. 685 III. Race Profiling in Immigration Law Enforcement. 688 A. Law in Books. 692 B. Law in Action. 696 1. On the Roads. 697 2. In the Workplace. 703 3. The Lack of Effective Remedies. 705 C. The Need for Change. 707 1. Over-Inclusiveness. 707... 2000  
Victor C. Romero The Domestic Fourth Amendment Rights of Undocumented Immigrants: on Guitterez and the Tort Law/immigration Law Parallel 35 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 57 (Winter, 2000) American history might suggest that our affection towards immigrants waxes and wanes like everything else, but the current anti-immigrant backlash has seen unprecedented attacks on immigrants' rights. Through California's Proposition 187, the denial of welfare benefits to certain classes of legal permanent residents, and the curtailment of judicial... 2000  
Kristen D.A. Carpenter The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: a Toothless Tiger? 26 North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation 1 (Fall 2000) Great nations like great men must keep their word. When America says something, America means it, whether a treaty or an agreement or a vow made on marble steps. -- President George Bush In late November 1996, an elderly Danish gentleman named Flemming Ralk was extradited from Germany, where he had been arrested while on a business trip and held... 2000  
Ediberto Román Who Exactly Is Living La Vida Loca ?: the Legal and Political Consequences of Latino-latina Ethnic and Racial Stereotypes in Film and Other Media 4 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 37 (Fall 2000) I. The Latin Explosion II. Explosion or Exploitation? III. The Portrayals of Latinas and Latinos in Film IV. Stigma, Myths, and Stereotyping V. The Insidious and Pernicious Legal and Political Effects of Stereotyping A. The External Effects B. The Internal Effect VI. Solutions? Tearing Down the Veil of Ignorance by Telling Our Own Stories 2000  
Polly J. Price ALIEN LAND RESTRICTIONS IN THE AMERICAN COMMON LAW: EXPLORING THE RELATIVE AUTONOMY PARADIGM 43 American Journal of Legal History 152 (April, 1999) Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a colony of aliens who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of Anglifying them, and will never adopt our Language or Customs any more than they can acquire our complexion? -Benjamin Franklin In the United States today, approximately half of the states have laws that restrict... 1999 Yes
  Agreement Reached in the Multi-party Negotiations 22 Fordham International Law Journal 1860 (April, 1999) Declaration of Support. 1861 Constitutional Issues. 1862 Annex A: Draft Clauses/Schedules for Incorporation in British Legislation. 1863 Annex B: Irish Government Draft Legislation. 1864 Strand One:. 1868 Democratic Institutions in Northern Ireland. 1868 Strand Two:. 1876 North/South Ministerial Council. 1876 Strand Three:. 1881 British - Irish... 1999  
Polly J. Price Alien Land Restrictions in the American Common Law: Exploring the Relative Autonomy Paradigm 43 American Journal of Legal History 152 (April, 1999) Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a colony of aliens who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of Anglifying them, and will never adopt our Language or Customs any more than they can acquire our complexion? -Benjamin Franklin In the United States today, approximately half of the states have laws that restrict... 1999  
Eric Foner Gratz, et Al. V. Bollinger, et Al., No. 97-75321 (E.d. Mich.)Grutter, et Al. V. Bollinger, et Al., No. 97-75928 (E.d. Mich.) 5 Michigan Journal of Race and Law 311 (Fall 1999) I am currently the DeWitt Clinton Professor of History at Columbia University. I have been a faculty member in the Columbia Department of History since 1982. Before that, I served as a Professor in the Department of History of City College and Graduate Center at City University of New York from 1973-1982. I have written extensively on issues of... 1999  
Jamin B. Raskin Is this America? The District of Columbia and the Right to Vote 34 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 39 (Winter, 1999) Britain, with an army to enforce her tyranny, has declared, that she has a right (not only to tax) but to bind us in all cases whatsoever, and if being bound in that manner is not slavery, then there is not such a thing as slavery upon earth. Even the expression is impious; for so unlimited a power can belong only to God. Thomas Paine This... 1999  
Francis X. Sullivan The "Usurping Octopus of Jurisdictional/authority": the Legal Theories of the Sovereign Citizen Movement 1999 Wisconsin Law Review 785 (1999) On October 1, 1995, Corporal Victor Kurtz of the Belton, Missouri, Police Department stopped James Horton for driving without a valid license plate. Instead, Horton's car bore the following sign: Public Notice: Non-commercial, private property CITIZEN OF MISSOURI HORTON In exercise of RIGHT TO TRAVEL streets & highways Mo. Const. Art. I, Sect.... 1999  
Bryan K. Fair The Anatomy of American Caste 18 Saint Louis University Public Law Review 381 (1999) Soon the United States will commemorate the quadricentennial of the first permanent English settlement in America, the same place where twenty Africans were sold as indentured servants in 1619. As with previous hallowed occasions celebrating The Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights, Jamestown's... 1999  
Eric Foner The Strange Career of the Reconstruction Amendments 108 Yale Law Journal 2003 (June, 1999) As a historian who has devoted much of my scholarly career to the era of Reconstruction, I am most gratified that Bruce Ackerman has helped to resurrect the significance of those years as a central turning point in American constitutional development. As far as it goes, I have no real quarrel with his narrative of the events surrounding the... 1999  
Linda Kelly Defying Membership: the Evolving Role of Immigration Jurisprudence 67 University of Cincinnati Law Review 185 (Fall, 1998) Trying to break up a Saturday night barfight, Abner Louima became a victim of torture. When police arrived at the Flatbush Avenue bar, Mr. Louima was arrested and taken to Brooklyn's 70th Precinct Station. Beaten on the way to the station, Mr. Louima suffered intensified abuse after his arrival. Taken into the station house bathroom, police... 1998  
James F. Hollifield Migration, Trade, and the Nation-state: the Myth of Globalization 3 UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs 595 (Fall/Winter, 1998-1999) The road to the free market was opened and kept open by an enormous increase in continuous, centrally organized and controlled interventionism. To make Adam Smith's simple and natural liberty compatible with the needs of human society was a most complicated affair. As Karl Polanyi noted in his analysis of the political and economic origins of... 1998  
Kevin R. Johnson Race, the Immigration Laws, and Domestic Race Relations: a "Magic Mirror" into the Heart of Darkness 73 Indiana Law Journal 1111 (Fall, 1998) L1-2Introduction 1112 I. The History of Racial Exclusion in the U.S. Immigration Laws. 1119 A. From Chinese Exclusion to General Asian Subordination. 1120 1. Chinese Exclusion and Reconstruction. 1122 2. Japanese Internment and Brown v. Board of Education. 1124 B. The National Origins Quota System. 1127 C. Modern Racial Exclusion. 1131 1. The War... 1998  
Richard Delgado Rodrigo's Bookbag: Brimelow, Bork, Herrnstein, Murray, and D'souza-- Recent Conservative Thought and the End of Equality 50 Stanford Law Review 1929 (July, 1998) Rodrigo, his wife Giannina, and their straight man, the Professor, meet in the latter's city, where the young people have gone for a wedding. After discussing a recent incident at Rodrigo's law school in which interlopers defaced the lockers of four students of color, the protagonists discuss changes and contractions in the social ideal of... 1998  
Cornelia T. L. Pillard and Alexander Aleinikoff Skeptical Scrutiny of Plenary Power: Judicial and Executive Branch Decision Making in Miller V Albright 1998 Supreme Court Review 1 (1998) In 1996, just a few months after the United States successfully urged the Supreme Court in United States v Virginia to invalidate as sex-discriminatory the male-only admissions policy at the Virginia Military Institute, the District of Columbia Circuit in Miller v Albright upheld a federal law that used an express, sex-based distinction. Section... 1998  
T. Alexander Aleinikoff and Rubén G. Rumbaut Terms of Belonging: Are Models of Membership Self-fulfilling Prophecies? 13 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 1 (Fall, 1998) If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. W. I. Thomas (1928) We respond not only to the objective features of a situation, but also, and at times primarily, to the meaning this situation has for us Certain kinds of definitions of the situationwe focus on the important class of public prophecies, beliefs, and... 1998  
Ediberto Roman The Alien-citizen Paradox and Other Consequences of U.s. Colonialism 26 Florida State University Law Review 1 (Fall, 1998) I. Introduction. 1 II. Citizenship and Its Importance. 7 A. The Unequal Status of the People of Puerto Rico. 10 B. The Territorial Incorporation Doctrine. 11 III. The Colonial History of Puerto Rico. 16 A. The Impact of the Insular Cases. 19 B. Congressional Debate After the Insular Cases. 24 C. The Creation of the Commonwealth. 25 D. The 1993... 1998  
Juan F. Perea THE BLACK/WHITE BINARY PARADIGM OF RACE: THE "NORMAL SCIENCE" OF AMERICAN RACIAL THOUGHT 10 La Raza Law Journal 127 (Spring 1998) The Black/White Binary Paradigm of race has become the subject of increasing interest and scrutiny among some scholars of color. This Article uses Thomas Kuhn's notions of paradigm and the properties of paradigms to explore several leading works on race. The works the author explores demonstrate the Black/White paradigm of race and some of its... 1998  
Christopher L. Eisgruber Birthright Citizenship and the Constitution 72 New York University Law Review 54 (April, 1997) The United States Constitution's citizenship rule, which grants citizenship to, among others, the American-born children of illegal aliens, has come under attack. Professor Eisgruber defends the Constitution's birthplace rule against calls for its amendment and against arguments in favor of a parentage rule. He proposes the Responsiveness Principle... 1997 Yes
Polly J. Price Natural Law and Birthright Citizenship in Calvin's Case (1608) 9 Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 73 (Winter 1997) Great empires and humble nations alike have made similar choices in determining who will be citizens. The world's nations emphasize one or the other of only two methods for determining citizenship at birth. Most nations assign citizenship at birth according to the citizenship of at least one of the parents. A few nations, including the United... 1997 Yes
Natsu Taylor Saito Alien and Non-alien Alike: Citizenship, "Foreignness," and Racial Hierarchy in American Law 76 Oregon Law Review 261 (Summer 1997) I. What is an American? Citizenship and Race in the Creation of National Identity. 268 A. Citizenship and Race. 270 B. Citizenship and Loyalty. 278 II. Asian Americans Encounter Racial Identity and Hierarchy. 281 A. Race as a Social and Legal Construct. 283 B. The Creation of Black and White in America. 284 C. The Racing of Asian Americans. 289... 1997  
Kevin R. Johnson Aliens and the U.s. Immigration Laws: the Social and Legal Construction of Nonpersons 28 University of Miami Inter-American Law Review 263 (1997) L1-3,T3I. Introduction 264 L1-4 L1-3,T3II. Citizens and Aliens' 270 L1-4 A. Deportable and Excludable Aliens'. 274 L1-4 B. Good (Legal) and Bad (Illegal) Aliens'. 276 L1-4 C. Implications of the Alien Terminology. 279 L1-4 L1-3,T3III. The Influence of Race 281 L1-4 A. Some Examples: Mexicans, Haitians, Cubans. 282 L1-4 B. The Absence of... 1997  
F. Giba-Matthews Customary International Law Acts as Federal Common Law in U.s. Courts 20 Fordham International Law Journal 1839 (June, 1997) I have lived in a part of the country where I have known the worth of good government by the want of it. They would rob you of your property; threaten to burn your houses; oblige you to be on your guard night and day; alarms spread from town to town; families were broken up; the tender mother would cry, O, my son is among them! What shall I do for... 1997  
Peter J. Spiro Dual Nationality and the Meaning of Citizenship 46 Emory Law Journal 1411 (Fall 1997) C1-3Table of Contents Introduction. 1412 I. Dual Nationality in a Hostile World. 1417 A. Don't Want to Let You Go: Dual Nationality in an Era of Perpetual Allegiances. 1419 1. The Long Arm of Perpetual Allegiance. 1420 2. Dual Nationality and Diplomatic Protection. 1424 B. You Can't Hang On: The Turn to Exclusivity. 1430 1. The New Problems of Dual... 1997  
Ibrahim J. Gassama , Robert S. Chang , Keith Aoki Foreword: Citizenship and its Discontents: Centering the Immigrant in the Inter/national Imagination (Part Ii) 76 Oregon Law Review 207 (Summer 1997) What is involved in the project of rescinding borders is a critical awareness of how borders have been (and continue to be) systematically policed and for whose ideological benefit and material profit. The way to rescind borders is of course to cross them and, in doing so, blur them, confuse them, make them permeable, open for traffic from all... 1997  
John Conyers, Jr. Is the United States Constitution a "Rough Draft"? An Open Letter to the 105th Congress 6 Widener Journal of Public Law 323 (1997) Welcome to the 105th Congress. On January 7, 1997, you took an oath of office pledging to support and defend the Constitution. The question we need to ask ourselves is whether, by the end of the 105th Congress, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights will continue to protect our fundamental rights and liberties in the same basic form as was laid... 1997  
Neil Gotanda Race, Citizenship, and the Search for Political Community among "We the People" 76 Oregon Law Review 233 (Summer 1997) this article was originally written in 1986-1987 for a Black Law Journal symposium at U.C. Berkeley examining the Preamble to the United States Constitution. The reference in the title to We the People is to the symposium theme. The symposium issue was never published. Faced with what I perceived to be a lack of interest in Asian American issues... 1997  
Kevin R. Johnson Racial Hierarchy, Asian Americans and Latinos as "Foreigners," and Social Change: Is Law the Way to Go? 76 Oregon Law Review 347 (Summer 1997) A symposium entitled Citizenship and Its Discontents could not be more timely. The end of the twentieth century has been marked by a lengthy debate in the United States, as well as in nations around the world, on citizenship and national identity. In response to mounting concerns about changes attributed to new immigrants, Congress in 1996... 1997  
Juan F. Perea The Black/white Binary Paradigm of Race: the "Normal Science" of American Racial Thought 85 California Law Review 1213 (October, 1997) The Black/White Binary Paradigm of race has become the subject of increasing interest and scrutiny among some scholars of color. This Article uses Thomas Kuhn's notions of paradigm and the properties of paradigms to explore several leading works on race. The works the author explores demonstrate the Black/White paradigm of race and some of its... 1997  
Juan F. Perea THE BLACK/WHITE BINARY PARADIGM OF RACE: THE "NORMAL SCIENCE" OF AMERICAN RACIAL THOUGHT 85 California Law Review 1213 (October, 1997) The Black/White Binary Paradigm of race has become the subject of increasing interest and scrutiny among some scholars of color. This Article uses Thomas Kuhn's notions of paradigm and the properties of paradigms to explore several leading works on race. The works the author explores demonstrate the Black/White paradigm of race and some of its... 1997  
Tanya Broder and Clara Luz Navarro A Street Without an Exit: Excerpts from the Lives of Latinas in Post-187 California 7 Hastings Women's Law Journal 275 (Summer, 1996) En las noches claras veo hacia el cielo y puedo ver las estrellas libres, sin fronteras sin el desprecio de los demás porque creen que estoy en tierra ajena. Veo la inmencidad del mar y me parecen las lágrimas del dolor y sufrimiento humano, que en la fuerza de sus olas claman por justicia. Oigo el aire y a los pájaros y me parece la esperanza de... 1996  
Keith Aoki Foreign-ness & Asian American Identities: Yellowface, World War Ii Propaganda, and Bifurcated Racial Stereotypes 4 Asian Pacific American Law Journal 1 (Fall, 1996) I. L2-5,T5Introduction 2 II. L2-5,T5Definitions 5 A. L3-5,T5Asians, Asian Americans and American Orientalism 7 1. L4-5,T5Identity Aporia 7. 2. L4-5,T5Orientalism and American Orientalism: Two Kinds of Other-ing 9. B. L3-5,T5Dynamics of Racial Representations 13 1. L4-5,T5Images of the Outsider(s): Delgado and Stefancic 13. III.... 1996  
April Chung Noncitizen Voting Rights and Alternatives: a Path Toward Greater Asian Pacific American and Latino Political Participation 4 Asian Pacific American Law Journal 163 (Fall, 1996) The American political community is firmly rooted in individual rights and common values, concepts that stabilize the effects of self-interested decisionmaking. At the same time, this community is continually evolving, due to changes in the American population. Major changes in the population may call for political changes, but will not lead to... 1996  
Earl M. Maltz Only Partially Color-blind: John Marshall Harlan's View of Race and the Constitution 12 Georgia State University Law Review 973 (June, 1996) As the one-hundredth anniversary of Plessy v. Ferguson approaches, one can expect an outpouring of admiration for Justice John Marshall Harlan. Virtually all discussions of the constitutional status of race relations prominently feature Harlan's dissent in Plessy. Based largely on this dissent, Harlan has become a kind of constitutional icon, with... 1996  
Kevin R. Johnson Racial Restrictions on Naturalization: the Recurring Intersection of Race and Gender in Immigration and Citizenship Law 11 Berkeley Women's Law Journal 142 (1996) Critical race theory reflects the perception that conventional legal scholarship fails to satisfactorily address the complexities of race and the law in the United States. Similarly, the ascent of feminist theory stems in large part from lingering gender discrimination in this country. Until a number of minority women recently began studying the... 1996  
Seth F. Kreimer TERRITORIALITY AND MORAL DISSENSUS: THOUGHTS ON ABORTION, SLAVERY, GAY MARRIAGE AND FAMILY VALUES 16 QLR 161 (Spring & Summer 1996) A house divided can sometimes claim virtues and I am on record praising those claims. Five years ago, as a supporter of women's right to choose abortion, I contemplated the possible demise of Roe v. Wade. At the time, it appeared that an emerging conservative majority on the Supreme Court would free state legislatures of constitutional restraint,... 1996  
Frank H. Wu The Limits of Borders: a Moderate Proposal for Immigration Reform 7 Stanford Law and Policy Review 35 (Summer, 1996) From Franz Kafka, Before the Law: Before the Law stands a door-keeper. To this doorkeeper there comes a man from the country and prays for admittance to the Law. But the doorkeeper says that he cannot grant admittance at the moment The doorkeeper gives him a stool and lets him sit down at one side of the door. There he sits for days and years.... 1996  
Jonathan C. Drimmer The Nephews of Uncle Sam: the History, Evolution, and Application of Birthright Citizenship in the United States 9 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 667 (Fall, 1995) If it should rain one night And they should chance to sight Pallid or swarthy faces Of uncongenial races They'll maybe chop them up to make some beefsteak tartare. Citizenship matters. Its importance does not lie exclusively in a delineation of rights, whereby citizens receive an abundance of protections not afforded to non-citizens. Rather, ... 1995 Yes
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