AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearKey Terms in Title or Summary
Natsu Saito Jenga UNCONSCIOUS: THE "JUST SAY NO" RESPONSE TO RACISM 81 Iowa Law Review 1503 (July 1, 1996) Race and racism in the United States today are rarely discussed without someone proposing that we resolve the problems associated with racism by simply rejecting consciously racist actions and proceeding in a colorblind manner. This Just Say No solution is appealing because it sounds so simple. It is also dangerous because it masks the real... 1996  
Peter Kwan UNCONVINCING 81 Iowa Law Review 1557 (July 1, 1996) We're in the post-L.A. uprising era which for me marks the end of the '60's consciousness model of Third World unity where black, brown, and yellow people stood together. That was a model which existed for me. But as I watched L.A. burn and conflicts going on, I saw a new world with new realities. And it's not that easy anymore to build bridges... 1996  
Jim Chen UNTENURED BUT UNREPENTANT 81 Iowa Law Review 1609 (July 1, 1996) If indeed joining issue is the highest form of flattery, then organized outrage is surely the equivalent of academic canonization. My little article, Unloving, has attracted far more attention than I ever expected. Judging solely by this journal's table of contents and Keith Aoki's star footnote, Unloving has merited complete responses by eight... 1996  
John Valery White VINDICATING RIGHTS IN A FEDERAL SYSTEM: REDISCOVERING 42 U.S.C. S 1985(3)'S EQUALITY RIGHT 69 Temple Law Review 145 (Spring 1996) Section 1985(3) is dead. The United States Supreme Court's refusal to apply s 1985(3) to the assault and intimidation of abortion seekers by abortion protesters in Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic confirmed the demise of the section, already significantly undercut by the Supreme Court's previous decisions in Great American Federal Savings &... 1996  
Carol R. Goforth 'WHAT IS SHE?' HOW RACE MATTERS AND WHY IT SHOULDN'T 46 DePaul Law Review 1 (Fall 1996) Introduction. 3 I. The Legitimacy of Racial Classifications: What Does It Mean to Identify Someone as Black?. 11 A. The Biological Basis for Racial Classifications. 12 B. Societal Norms: Ethnicity and Culture as a Basis for Racial Classification. 16 II. Use of Racial Classifications in Adoption. 23 A. Introduction to Transracial Adoptions. 23 B.... 1996  
Amy Adler WHAT'S LEFT?: HATE SPEECH, PORNOGRAPHY, AND THE PROBLEM FOR ARTISTIC EXPRESSION 84 California Law Review 1499 (December, 1996) Some portion of the political left in the United States has called for the restriction of pornography and hate speech. Those who advocate such censorship do so on the ground that pornography and hate speech cause harm to disadvantaged outsider groups in society. For this reason, the leftist censorship advocates do not accept traditional First... 1996  
Garrett Epps WHAT'S LOVING GOT TO DO WITH IT? 81 Iowa Law Review 1489 (July 1, 1996) Imagine you are at a public meetinga forum of some kind at which members of the community discuss their ideas and concerns. Seated ahead of you are two people you know only slightly. Imagine now that one of them (for the sake of that much-maligned value, narrative vividness, let us call him Professor Chang) rises at a time when it is his turn to... 1996  
Reginald Leamon Robinson WHITE CULTURAL MATRIX AND THE LANGUAGE OF NONVERBAL ADVERTISING IN HOUSING SEGREGATION: TOWARD AN AGGREGATE THEORY OF LIABILITY 25 Capital University Law Review 101 (1996) Introduction. 103 I. White Cultural Matrix and the Language of Nonverbal Advertising. 118 A. The Text of the White Cultural Matrix: Racism, White Supremacy, and Beyond. 118 B. The Text of the Language of Nonverbal Advertising. 125 1. Advertising and basic motivations. 135 2. Advertising and predicate (or object) thinking. 141 C. Intertextuality of... 1996  
Berta Esperanza HernÁndez-Truyol WOMEN'S RIGHTS AS HUMAN RIGHTS--RULES, REALITIES AND THE ROLE OF CULTURE: A FORMULA FOR REFORM 21 Brooklyn Journal of International Law 605 (1996) From the first dawn of life unto the grave, Poor womankind's in every state a slave. We will our rights in learning's world maintain; Wilt's empire now shall know a female reign. Beijing, China. Tuesday, September 5, 1995. Beijing International Conference Center (BICC). The afternoon plenary of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women:... 1996  
Barbara J. Flagg CHANGING THE RULES: SOME PRELIMINARY THOUGHTS ON DOCTRINAL REFORM, INDETERMINACY, AND WHITENESS 2 African-American Law and Policy Report 250 (Fall, 1995) In each of the past three years I have published a law review article proposing a fundamental change in some aspect of race discrimination doctrine. These articles are congruent with some aspects of Critical Race Theory, in that they describe existing doctrine as deeply (though perhaps unconsciously) racist, they adopt radical racial redistribution... 1995 Yes
Ruben J. Garcia CRITICAL RACE THEORY AND PROPOSITION 187: THE RACIAL POLITICS OF IMMIGRATION LAW 17 Chicano-Latino Law Review 118 (Fall 1995) In mid-1993, a group of concerned California residents were fed up. They were tired of the illegal aliens whom they blamed for sapping the state's resources. These aliens were everywhere: crowding their children out of public schools, crowding welfare offices, and crowding the emergency rooms of hospitals. To attack these problems, these angry... 1995 Yes
Raneta J. Lawson CRITICAL RACE THEORY AS PRAXIS: A VIEW FROM OUTSIDE THE OUTSIDE 38 Howard Law Journal 353 (Spring 1995) Me: Grandmama, I'm writing about critical race theory as praxis. Grandmama: I once knew a gal who had that praxis real bad . . . nothin' the doctors could do for her. You be careful. Me: Thanks Grandmama, I will. As my thoughts turn to critical race theory as praxis, in addition to the imaginary exchange I might have with my grandmother, I am... 1995 Yes
Richard Delgado , Jean Stefancic CRITICAL RACE THEORY: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1993, A YEAR OF TRANSITION 66 University of Colorado Law Review 159 (1995) A little more than one year ago, we published Critical Race Theory: An Annotated Bibliography. In it, we (1) traced the history and development of the Critical Race Theory (CRT) movement; (2) identified ten themes within that movement's corpus that seemed to us central and characteristic; and (3) annotated over 200 of the most important Critical... 1995 Yes
Daniel A. Farber , Suzanna Sherry IS THE RADICAL CRITIQUE OF MERIT ANTI-SEMITIC? 83 California Law Review 853 (May, 1995) Conventional concepts of merit are under attack by some Critical Legal Scholars, Critical Race Theorists, and radical feminists. These critics contend that merit is only a social construct designed to maintain the power of dominant groups. This Article challenges the reductionist view that merit has no meaning except as a tool for those in power... 1995 Yes
Susan Bisom-Rapp OF MOTIVES AND MALENESS: A CRITICAL VIEW OF MIXED MOTIVE DOCTRINE IN TITLE VII SEX DISCRIMINATION CASES 1995 Utah Law Review 1029 (1995) How then did it work out, all this? How did one judge people, think of them? How did one add up this and that and conclude that it was liking one felt, or disliking? And to those words, what meaning attached after all? Virginia Woolf Over the last decade critical legal scholars, including feminist and critical race theorists, have mounted a... 1995 Yes
Martha R. Mahoney SEGREGATION, WHITENESS, AND TRANSFORMATION 143 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 1659 (May, 1995) Residential segregation is both cause and product in the processes that shape the construction of race in America. The concept of race has no natural truth, no core content or meaning other than those meanings created in a social system of white privilege and racist domination. Recent work in critical race theory helps understand residential... 1995 Yes
Robert L. Hayman, Jr. THE COLOR OF TRADITION: CRITICAL RACE THEORY AND POSTMODERN CONSTITUTIONAL TRADITIONALISM 30 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 57 (Winter, 1995) Back beyond the world and swept by these wild white faces of the awful dead, why will this Soul of the White Folk, this modern Prometheus, hang bound by his own binding, tethered by a labor of the past? I hear his mighty cry reverberating through the world, I am white! Well and good, O Prometheus, divine thief! The world is wide enough for two... 1995 Yes
Eleanor Marie Brown THE TOWER OF BABEL: BRIDGING THE DIVIDE BETWEEN CRITICAL RACE THEORY AND "MAINSTREAM" CIVIL RIGHTS SCHOLARSHIP 105 Yale Law Journal 513 (November 1, 1995) Poor Black people tell stories. I hear their stories daily. I have heard them in the words of a cousin who came dangerously close to losing a daughter to gang warfare. I have heard them in the words of an inmate as he explained just how a Black man from the projects had ended up on death row. I have heard them in the words of a client at the Yale... 1995 Yes
Derrick A. Bell WHO'S AFRAID OF CRITICAL RACE THEORY? 1995 University of Illinois Law Review 893 (1995) In this essay, originally delivered as a David C. Baum Memorial Lecture on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights at the University of Illinois College of Law, Professor Bell begins by discussing the recent debate surrounding The Bell Curve, and utilizing the tools of critical race theory, he offers an alternative explanation as to why the book's authors... 1995 Yes
Leroy D. Clark A CRITIQUE OF PROFESSOR DERRICK A. BELL'S THESIS OF THE PERMANENCE OF RACISM AND HIS STRATEGY OF CONFRONTATION 73 Denver University Law Review 23 (1995) Professor Derrick A. Bell's book, Faces at the Bottom of the Well: The Permanence of Racism, challenges tenets and ideals deeply held by civil rights organizations and by the larger liberal-integrationist community. Professor Bell charges that white society has never relinquished, and more importantly, will never relinquish, a deep-rooted racism,... 1995  
April L. Cherry A FEMINIST UNDERSTANDING OF SEX-SELECTIVE ABORTION: SOLELY A MATTER OF CHOICE? 10 Wisconsin Women's Law Journal 161 (Fall, 1995) Demographers of international population trends have found that adults prefer male offspring. This desire for male children is currently being realized by the use of both pre-conception and post-conception sex-selective reproductive techniques and technologies. While there are many ways for a woman to attempt to select the sex of her child before... 1995  
Paul Brest , Miranda Oshige AFFIRMATIVE ACTION FOR WHOM? 47 Stanford Law Review 855 (May 1, 1995) Affirmative action was initially conceived as a remedy to benefit African Americans. Although many affirmative action programs include the members of other racial and ethnic groups, little attention has been paid to the criteria for inclusion. In this article, Paul Brest and Miranda Oshige propose a framework for analyzing which groups to include... 1995  
Cynthia Kwei Yung Lee BEYOND BLACK AND WHITE: RACIALIZING ASIAN AMERICANS IN A SOCIETY OBSESSED WITH O.J. 6 Hastings Women's Law Journal 165 (Summer 1995) The O.J. Simpson double murder trial has been called the Trial of the Century and has captured the attention of millions. The trial has raised interesting questions about the convergence of issues regarding race, class, and gender. Rather than extensively discussing these global issues, this essay will focus on one aspect of the race issue that... 1995  
Alice K. Ma CAMPUS HATE SPEECH CODES: AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN THE ALLOCATION OF SPEECH RIGHTS 83 California Law Review 693 (March, 1995) The now-familiar debate over regulating hate speech on college and university campuses has pitted the values of the First Amendment against those of the Fourteenth. Proponents of hate speech codes focus on the equality principle, arguing that it outweighs freedom of speech. Opponents of speech regulation rely on the privileged position of the First... 1995  
Linz Audain CRITICAL CULTURAL LAW AND ECONOMICS, THE CULTURE OF DEINDIVIDUALIZATION, THE PARADOX OF BLACKNESS 70 Indiana Law Journal 709 (Summer, 1995) INTRODUCTION I. THE NATURE OF CULTURES AND SUBCULTURES A. A Definition of Culture B. The Nature of Subcultures 1. Definition of Subculture 2. Dimensions of Variation Among Subcultures 3. Relations Among Subcultures C. The Culture of Deindividualization 1. Beneficial vs. Detrimental Deindividualization 2. Original Deindividualization & the Role of... 1995  
Margaret M. Russell DE JURE REVOLUTION? 93 Michigan Law Review 1173 (May, 1995) At first glance, Crusaders in the Courts: How a Dedicated Band of Lawyers Fought for the Civil Rights Revolution, by Jack Greenberg, and Failed Revolutions: Social Reform and the Limits of Legal Imagination, by Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic, appear to have little in common. Certainly, they are vastly different in genre, subject matter, scope,... 1995  
Anthony V. Alfieri DEFENDING RACIAL VIOLENCE 95 Columbia Law Review 1301 (June, 1995) In September 1993 Damian Monroe Williams and Henry Keith Watson stood trial in Los Angeles County Superior Court on twelve charges of aggravated mayhem, felony assault, robbery, and attempted murder arising out of the April 29, 1992 beating of Reginald Denny and seven others during the South Central Los Angeles riots. Legal teams representing... 1995  
Isabelle R. Gunning DIVERSITY ISSUES IN MEDIATION: CONTROLLING NEGATIVE CULTURAL MYTHS 1995 Journal of Dispute Resolution 55 (1995) Mediation has become increasingly popular over the past two decades. It is one of several forms of conflict resolution called alternative dispute resolution (ADR) which contrast themselves with court room litigation. The push for informal legal institutions actually began around the turn of this century out of concerns for both humanizing the... 1995  
Mark A. Godsey EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITIES, THE MYTH OF MERITOCRACY, AND THE SILENCING ON MINORITY VOICES: THE NEED FOR DIVERSITY OF AMERICA'S LAW REVIEWS 12 Harvard Blackletter Law Journal 59 (Spring, 1995) American law reviews play an unparalleled role in nurturing jurisprudential thought and sculpting America's ever-changing legal climate. Their value to the legal system over the past century has been thoroughly documented, and well-reasoned articles have frequently affected dramatic changes in the law. Former Chief Justice Charles E. Hughes once... 1995  
J. C. Smith EVA H. HANKS, MICHAEL E. HERZ, STEVEN S. NEMERSON, EDS ELEMENTS OF LAW (CINCINNATI, ANDERSON PUBLISHING CO., 1994)., 699 PAGES. 7 Cardozo Studies in Law and Literature 79 (Spring/Summer, 1995) An adequate law school curriculum ought to have at least one required course which permits the student to look at the law in its entirety, in contrast to individual subject areas such as tort, property, contract, criminal, or constitutional law. Students will construct such an overview with or without such a course. They do not enter law school as... 1995  
Arthur Austin EVALUATING STORYTELLING AS A TYPE OF NONTRADITIONAL SCHOLARSHIP 74 Nebraska Law Review 479 (1995) C1-3TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction. 480 II. The Grand Liberal Tradition. 482 III. Delawing Law Schools and Ideology Scholarship. 483 IV. The Outsider Storyteller: A New Genre of Legal Scholarship'. 488 V. Is the AALS Committee's Recommendation Practical?. 489 A. The Parity Issue. 490 1. Effect on University Relationship. 490 2. The Paradigm... 1995  
Barbara J. Flagg FASHIONING A TITLE VII REMEDY FOR TRANSPARENTLY WHITE SUBJECTIVE DECISIONMAKING 104 Yale Law Journal 2009 (June, 1995) Goodson, Badwin & Indiff is a major accounting firm employing more than five hundred persons nationwide. Among its twenty black accountants is Yvonne Taylor, who at the time this story begins was thirty-one years old and poised to become the first black regional supervisor in the firm's history. Yvonne attended Princeton University and received an... 1995  
Roy L. Brooks FEMINIST JURISDICTION: TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF FEMINIST PROCEDURE 43 University of Kansas Law Review 317 (January 1, 1995) I. Introduction. 318 II. The Structure of Critical Feminist Theory. 320 A. Common Objective. 321 B. Methodology. 322 C. Values and Assumptions. 326 1. The Concept of Sexual Equality. 326 2. Other Values and Assumptions. 331 D. Epistemology. 334 1. Rational/Empirical. 334 2. Standpoint. 335 3. Postmodern. 337 4. Positionality. 338 E. Summary. 340... 1995  
Charles R. Lawrence III FORWARD ACE, MULTICULTURALISM, AND THE JURISPRUDENCE OF TRANSFORMATION 47 Stanford Law Review 819 (May 1, 1995) Liberal individualist theory has vitally shaped the legal consideration of race and racial discrimination. Yet Professor Lawrence argues that this theory's exclusive focus on individual harms jeopardizes the future of group-based remedies such as affirmative action. He contends that a substantive approach, rather than a procedural one, can better... 1995  
Alex M. Johnson, Jr. HOW RACE AND POVERTY INTERSECT TO PREVENT INTEGRATION: DESTABILIZING RACE AS A VEHICLE TO INTEGRATE NEIGHBORHOODS 143 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 1595 (May, 1995) The persistence of housing segregation in the face of legal and other societal efforts to promote integration has been the subject of intense academic debate and scholarship. Most of the early scholarship focused on the efficacy of the Fair Housing Act of 1968 and subsequent amendments. Much of the recent scholarship has focused on the failure of... 1995  
Mark Kessler LAWYERS AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN THE POSTMODERN WORLD 29 Law and Society Review 769 (1995) Gerald P. López, Rebellious Lawyering: One Chicano's Vision of Progressive Law Practice. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1992. ix+433 pages. $55.00 cloth; $17.95 paper. Maureen Cain & Christine B. Harrington, eds., Lawyers in a Postmodern World: Translation and Transgression. New York: New York University Press, 1994. vii+318 pages. $50.00 cloth;... 1995  
Nell Jessup Newton MEMORY AND MISREPRESENTATION: REPRESENTING CRAZY HORSE 27 Connecticut Law Review 1003 (Summer 1995) A grievance widely shared by many Indian people in the United States is the commercial appropriation of Indian names, images, stories, religious practices, and patterns. Seth Big Crow has invoked the Rosebud Sioux Tribal legal process to oppose one such practice, the marketing of a malt liquor named after his grandfather, a revered Lakota figure... 1995  
Jane S. Schacter METADEMOCRACY: THE CHANGING STRUCTURE OF LEGITIMACY IN STATUTORY INTERPRETATION 108 Harvard Law Review 593 (January, 1995) INTRODUCTION: THE ENDURING PROBLEM OF LEGITIMACY IN STATUTORY INTERPRETATION I. INSTITUTIONAL ESSENTIALISM AND TWIN FORCES OF SKEPTICISM A. Institutional Essentialism B. Skepticism About Meaning C. Skepticism About Pluralism II. THE METADEMOCRATIC CONCEPTION A. An Overview of the Metademocratic Conception B. Applying Metademocratic Approaches: The... 1995  
Kenneth L. Karst MYTHS OF IDENTITY: INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP PORTRAITS OF RACE AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION 43 UCLA Law Review 263 (December 1, 1995) I. The Facts of the Case and the Facts of Life. 267 A. Is She Black or White?. 267 B. Is He Gay or Straight?. 275 C. Fact-Finding as World-Making: The Case of Individual Identity . 279 II. Law and the Truth about Race and Sexual Orientation. 282 A. Myths of Identity. 282 B. The Identity Myths in the Prism of Law. 289 C. The Erosion of the Identity... 1995  
Frank H. Wu NEITHER BLACK NOR WHITE: ASIAN AMERICANS AND AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 15 Boston College Third World Law Journal 225 (Summer, 1995) The time has come to consider groups that are neither black nor white in the jurisprudence on race. There are many fallacies in the affirmative action debate. One of them, increasingly prominent, is that Asian Americans somehow are the example that defeats affirmative action. To the contrary, the Asian-American experience should demonstrate the... 1995  
Eric Ilhyung Lee NOMINATION OF DERRICK A. BELL, JR. TO BE AN ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES: THE CHRONICLES OF A CIVIL RIGHTS ACTIVIST 22 Ohio Northern University Law Review 363 (1995) Professor Derrick Bell is widely known for his outspoken and sometimes controversial views regarding race and law. In his many publications concerning civil rights matters, Bell has attracted attention not only for his substantive message but also the manner in which he delivers it. Bell often departs from conventional law review style, favoring... 1995  
Donna E. Arzt NUREMBERG, DENAZIFICATION AND DEMOCRACY: THE HATE SPEECH PROBLEM AT THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL 12 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 689 (Symposium, 1995) Nuremberg. Today the name, the word, stands for more than just a series of trials of Nazi war criminals, undoubtedly more than just an industrialized city in northern Bavaria. It exemplifies both the laudable principle of individual responsibility for criminal conduct violating international law and the thwarted hope for a permanent, universal... 1995  
Mark A. Graber OLD WINE IN NEW BOTTLES: THE CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF UNCONSTITUTIONAL SPEECH 48 Vanderbilt Law Review 349 (March, 1995) A. The Constitutional Case for Banning Unconstitutional Speech B. Free Speech and The Machine That Would Go of Itself C. The Problem of Market Failure Civil libertarians are being challenged to hav[e] the courage to change [their] ways of thinking when changing times require it.. A new wave of racist, sexist, and heterosexist harassment has hit... 1995  
Gary Minda ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF MODERN LEGAL THOUGHT: FROM LANGDELL AND HOLMES TO POSNER AND SCHLAG 28 Indiana Law Review 353 (1995) One hundred years ago, a distinctively modern condition, what some have called legal modernism, came to dominate and shape the visions and ideas of modern legal thought. The influence of legal modernism has been pervasive and long-lived. It is difficult to identify a single theoretical development in this century that has not exhibited the effect... 1995  
George P. Fletcher POLITICAL CORRECTNESS IN JURY SELECTION 29 Suffolk University Law Review 1 (Spring 1995) The values of equality and freedom are in constant tension, or so some think. The more society stresses equality, the less freedom people have. For example, Bruce Ackerman would abolish inheritance in his utopian society to insure that every generation begins on an equal footing. Many commentators have advocated restrictions on pornography and hate... 1995  
J.M. Balkin POPULISM AND PROGRESSIVISM AS CONSTITUTIONAL CATEGORIES 104 Yale Law Journal 1935 (May, 1995) It's been a tough day. I've spent most of it worrying about the Free Speech Principle. Or at least, the Free Speech Principle described in Cass Sunstein's Democracy and the Problem of Free Speech, a book by an author I greatly admire. According to Sunstein, the primary purpose behind free speech is promoting democratic deliberation about issues of... 1995  
Yxta Maya Murray PRAGMATISM AND PARITY IN APPOINTMENTS 3 Michigan Journal of Gender & Law 11 (1995) Since the demise of Judge Robert Bork at the hands of the Senate Judiciary Committee, a number of books from both ends of the political spectrum have been written about the judicial selection process and appointments in general. The Clinton Administration has been involved in numerous contentious nominations and has achieved some important... 1995  
Francisco Valdes QUEERS, SISSIES, DYKES, AND TOMBOYS: DECONSTRUCTING THE CONFLATION OF "SEX," "GENDER," AND "SEXUAL ORIENTATION" IN EURO-AMERICAN LAW AND SOCIETY 83 California Law Review 1 (January 1, 1995) Foreword Notes on The Conflation'. 11 I. The Conflation as Triangle. 12 II. The Conflation, Language & Common (Mis)Understandings. 20 III. The Conflation & the Law. 23 IV. The Conflation, This Project & Legal Theory. 28 Chapter One Modern Culture: Codification & Internalization. 36 I. The Conflation of Sex, Gender & Sexual Orientation. 36 II.... 1995  
Anthony R. Chase RACE, CULTURE, AND CONTRACT LAW: FROM THE COTTONFIELD TO THE COURTROOM 28 Connecticut Law Review 1 (Fall 1995) A joke. A nigger joke. That was the way it got started. Not the town, of course, but that part of town where the Negroes lived, the part they called the Bottom in spite of the fact that it was up in the hills. Just a nigger joke. The kind white folks tell when the mill closes down and they're looking for a little comfort somewhere. The kind colored... 1995  
Theresa Glennon RACE, EDUCATION, AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF A DISABLED CLASS 1995 Wisconsin Law Review 1237 (1995) There is a timbre of voice that comes from not being heard and knowing you are not being heard noticed only by others not heard for the same reason. How does it feel to be a problem? Michael has had difficulties in school ever since moving here three years ago, at the beginning of first grade. From the start he displayed disruptive and physically... 1995  
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