| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year |
| John Stogner |
THE WAR ON WHISKEY IN THE WOMB: ASSESSING THE MERIT OF CHALLENGES TO STATUTES RESTRICTING THE ALCOHOL INTAKE OF PREGNANT WOMEN |
7 Rutgers Journal of Law & Public Policy 259 (Spring, 2010) |
I. Introduction. 260 II. The Concerns over Drinking While Pregnant. 261 III. The Statutes in Question. 266 IV. Debunking the Arguments Against Restricting Alcohol Use in Pregnancy. 272 A. Addressing Privacy Concerns. 273 B. Equal Protection Concerns. 278 i. The Gender Argument. 278 ii. The Pregnancy Status Argument. 281 iii. The Socioeconomic... |
2010 |
| Marc Mauer, (At the Richard Nixon Library) |
WELCOME DINNER: "THE DRUG WAR AND ITS SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS" |
13 Chapman Law Review 695 (Spring 2010) |
Dean Timothy Canova: Thank you everyone for being here tonight. This is such a great venue for a Symposium on the War on Drugs. President Richard Nixon was the first President to actually declare war on drugs, so it's very fitting to be here tonight, and to hear perhaps a critique of the war. Before I introduce Marc Mauer, our key-note speaker, I... |
2010 |
| Kevin Robert Glandon |
BRIGHT LINES ON THE ROAD: THE FOURTH AMENDMENT, THE AUTOMATIC COMPANION RULE, THE "AUTOMATIC CONTAINER" RULE, AND A NEW RULE FOR DRUG- OR FIREARM-RELATED TRAFFIC STOP COMPANION SEARCHES INCIDENT TO LAWFUL ARREST |
46 American Criminal Law Review 1267 (Summer, 2009) |
Introduction. 1268 I. Current Law, Historical Development, and Unresolved Questions. 1270 A. The State of the Law. 1271 B. History & Development of the Fourth Amendment as It Applies to Automobiles. 1273 1. What is a Search?. 1274 2. Searches & Seizures: The Requirement of Reasonableness. 1274 3. When a Warrant is Not Required. 1275 4. Automobile... |
2009 |
| Eric J. Miller |
DRUGS, COURTS, AND THE NEW PENOLOGY |
20 Stanford Law and Policy Review 417 (2009) |
Perhaps the most important judicial response to the War on Drugs has been the creation of specialty drug courts designed to ameliorate the impact of drug sentencing policy on individual drug users. The drug court's central goal is to provide a safety valve for the cycle of incarceration-release-recidivism that filled prisons with low-level drug... |
2009 |
| Michael Vitiello |
LEGALIZING MARIJUANA: CALIFORNIA'S POT OF GOLD? |
2009 Wisconsin Law Review 1349 (2009) |
In early 2009, a member of the California Assembly introduced a bill that would have legalized marijuana in an effort to raise tax revenue and reduce prison costs. While the bill's proponent withdrew the bill, he vowed to renew his efforts in the next term. Other prominent California officials, including Governor Schwarzenegger, have indicated... |
2009 |
| Steven B. Duke |
MASS IMPRISONMENT, CRIME RATES, AND THE DRUG WAR: A PENOLOGICAL AND HUMANITARIAN DISGRACE |
9 Connecticut Public Interest Law Journal 17 (Fall-Winter, 2009) |
The explosion in our prison population began in 1973, the same year President Nixon declared war on drugs. During the preceding forty years, the prison population was stable at around 200,000. Since 1970, however, the number of people in U.S. prisons and jails has increased 800 percent and our rate of imprisonment, the percentage of the population... |
2009 |
| Eric Blumenson, Eva Nilsen |
NO RATIONAL BASIS: THE PRAGMATIC CASE FOR MARIJUANA LAW REFORM |
17 Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the Law 43 (Fall 2009) |
This article presents a critique of marijuana prohibition and suggests some alternative regulatory approaches that would be more productive and consonant with justice. Part I relies on a forty-year empirical record to demonstrate that (1) reliance on a law enforcement approach has aggravated rather than mitigated the risks involved with marijuana... |
2009 |
| Krista Stone-Manista |
PROTECTING PREGNANT WOMEN: A GUIDE TO SUCCESSFULLY CHALLENGING CRIMINAL CHILD ABUSE PROSECUTIONS OF PREGNANT DRUG ADDICTS |
99 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 823 (Summer 2009) |
This Comment is intended to enable advocates for pregnant women to challenge the impermissible and unconstitutional prosecutions of pregnant drug users for criminal child abuse and endangerment. The Comment surveys the history of such prosecutions, and considers the policy justifications for them, before turning to an analysis of the frameworks... |
2009 |
| Jamie Fellner |
RACE, DRUGS, AND LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE UNITED STATES |
20 Stanford Law and Policy Review 257 (2009) |
Since the mid-1980s, the United States has pursued aggressive law enforcement strategies to curtail the use and distribution of illegal drugs. The costs and benefits of this national war on drugs remain fiercely debated. What is not debatable, however, is that this ostensibly race-neutral effort has been waged primarily against black Americans.... |
2009 |
| Kelley R. Brandstetter |
REPEALING THE DRUG-FREE STUDENT LOAN PROVISION: WOULD PUTTING DOPE BACK INTO THE COLLEGE CLASSROOM HELP KEEP DOPE OFF THE STREET AND OUT OF THE PRISON SYSTEM? |
77 University of Cincinnati Law Review 1127 (Spring 2009) |
Jane Dope was an 18-year-old freshman at the University of Temptation (UT). She was exceedingly focused on academics but not on making many friends during the first few months of school. One night, Jane decided to accept a classmate's invitation to attend a house party located near UT's campus. Jane was enjoying herself and meeting new people until... |
2009 |
| Michael M. O'Hear |
RETHINKING DRUG COURTS: RESTORATIVE JUSTICE AS A RESPONSE TO RACIAL INJUSTICE |
20 Stanford Law and Policy Review 463 (2009) |
Since their first appearance in Miami in 1989, specialized drug treatment courts have grown phenomenally popular, with nearly 2,000 now in existence. Although their effectiveness is a matter of debate among academics, their political appeal remains strong. This popularity stems in large part from the unpopularity of what is generally seen as the... |
2009 |
| Marques P. Richeson |
SEX, DRUGS, AND . . . RACE-TO-CASTRATE: A BLACK BOX WARNING OF CHEMICAL CASTRATION'S POTENTIAL RACIAL SIDE EFFECTS |
25 Harvard BlackLetter Law Journal 95 (Spring 2009) |
I. History of Castration in the United States: Eliminating the Unfit . 98 II. The Middle Passage: From Circumcision to Castration. 101 III. History of Black Male Castration: Demasculinization, Dehumanization, and Invisibility. 103 A. Castration as a Tool of Demasculinization. 107 B. Castration as a Tool of Dehumanization. 108 C. Castration as a... |
2009 |
| Kimberli Gasparon |
THE DARK HORSE OF DRUG ABUSE: LEGAL ISSUES OF ADMINISTERING PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DRUGS TO RACEHORSES |
16 Villanova Sports and Entertainment Law Journal 199 (2009) |
Could you imagine different human athlete drug policies for teams in different states in the National Football League or National Basketball Association? On June 22, 2007, the Kentucky Horse Racing Authority (KHRA) searched the stables of trainer Patrick Biancone and found vials of cobra venom, a Class A drug. This was not the first time that... |
2009 |
| Ruth C. Stern, J. Herbie DiFonzo |
THE END OF THE RED QUEEN'S RACE: MEDICAL MARIJUANA IN THE NEW CENTURY |
27 Quinnipiac Law Review 673 (2009) |
Lately it occurs to me What a long strange trip it's been. Robert Hunter More than forty years after the Summer of Love, marijuana still soothes and vexes the public consciousness. Research data on the therapeutic uses of cannabis continue to accumulate, adding fuel to an ongoing controversy about permissible drug use. In recent decades the... |
2009 |
| Cynthia S. Duncan |
THE NEED FOR CHANGE: AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MARIJUANA POLICY |
41 Connecticut Law Review 1701 (July, 2009) |
The Controlled Substances Act was enacted in 1970. Since that time, billions of dollars have been spent enforcing marijuana prohibition and millions of individuals have been arrested. Despite these efforts, there has been little to no success in controlling the availability of marijuana. Federal and state efforts to reduce marijuana production and... |
2009 |
| Lars Noah |
THIS IS YOUR PRODUCTS LIABILITY RESTATEMENT ON DRUGS |
74 Brooklyn Law Review 839 (Spring, 2009) |
I. Introduction. 840 II. Flaws In Production. 841 A. Manufacturing Defects. 841 B. Design Defects. 842 1. MUDs and Child's Play. 848 2. Snowflakes (and Cost-Consciousness)in Medical Practice . 855 3. Myths About Designer (and Lifestyle) Drugs. 861 C. Case Studies . 868 1. Ritodrine. 869 2. Thalidomide. 872 3. Finasteride. 874 4. Polio Vaccines.... |
2009 |
| Benjamin N. Roin |
UNPATENTABLE DRUGS AND THE STANDARDS OF PATENTABILITY |
87 Texas Law Review 503 (February, 2009) |
The role of the patent system in promoting pharmaceutical innovation is widely seen as a tremendous success story. This view overlooks a serious shortcoming in the drug patent system: the standards by which drugs are deemed unpatentable under the novelty and nonobviousness requirements bear little relationship to the social value of those drugs or... |
2009 |
| The Honorable Robert W. Sweet |
WILL MONEY TALK?: THE CASE FOR A COMPREHENSIVE COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF THE WAR ON DRUGS |
20 Stanford Law and Policy Review 229 (2009) |
The War on Drugs has been a central concern of the justice system for the more than thirty years I have served as a federal district court judge in New York City. At the start of my tenure, it was a learning experience for me, as I was introduced to an industry with which I was unfamiliar, beyond the well-publicized stories of busts, codes, and... |
2009 |
| Sarah Tope Reise |
"JUST SAY NO" TO PRO-DRUG AND ALCOHOL STUDENT SPEECH: THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF SCHOOL PROHIBITIONS OF STUDENT SPEECH PROMOTING DRUG AND ALCOHOL USE |
57 Emory Law Journal 1259 (2008) |
Schools across the country prohibit students from promoting or advertising drugs and alcohol. Juneau-Douglas High School in Juneau, Alaska, is no different. So when a student, Joseph Frederick, unfurled a banner reading BONG HITS 4 JESUS while standing outside the school and watching the 2002 Olympic Torch Relay, Principal Deborah Morse requested... |
2008 |
| Julie B. Ehrlich |
BREAKING THE LAW BY GIVING BIRTH: THE WAR ON DRUGS, THE WAR ON REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS, AND THE WAR ON WOMEN |
32 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 381 (2008) |
The distinction between benefits and burdens is more than one of semantics. In the United States, women's reproductive capabilities have been used both to exalt and to oppress women. Women's unique role in reproduction has been used to refuse women the power to secure employment, to bar women from practicing in their chosen profession, and to... |
2008 |
| Josh Bowers |
CONTRAINDICATED DRUG COURTS |
55 UCLA Law Review 783 (April, 2008) |
Over the past two decades, drug treatment courts have gained traction as popular alternatives to the conventional war on drugs and to its one-dimensional focus on incarceration. Specifically, the courts are meant to divert addicts from jails and prisons and into coerced treatment. Under the typical model, a drug offender enters a guilty plea and is... |
2008 |
| Charleen Hsuan |
MEDICAID COVERAGE FOR RACE-BASED DRUGS |
41 Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems 443 (Summer, 2008) |
The FDA recently approved BiDil as a race-based drug and suggested that it was the first of many. This Note examines how Medicaid agencies should treat such race-based drugs. It begins by determining when it is medically appropriate for the FDA to approve a drug as a race-based drug. The Note then details the different ways that state Medicaid... |
2008 |
| Tomer Blumkin, Yoram Margalioth , Ben-Gurion University, Department of Economics, Buchmann Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel |
ON TERROR, DRUGS AND RACIAL PROFILING |
28 International Review of Law & Economics 194 (September, 2008) |
JEL classification: K14 K42 Keywords: Racial profiling Statistical discrimination Terror Equity-efficiency trade-off We show that for racial profiling (defined as policy rules that employ statistical discrimination based on racial attributes) to be efficient in fighting ordinary crime, it needs to focus on the racial composition of marginal... |
2008 |
| Michael Laufert |
RACE AND POPULATION-BASED MEDICINE: DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE |
21 Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics 859 (Summer, 2008) |
Racial and ethnic minorities have significantly poorer health compared to the United States population as a whole. Compared to the general population, African-Americans are more likely to die from diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and AIDS. These disparities can be attributed to several factors, including but not limited to racism,... |
2008 |
| Nancy Morawetz |
RETHINKING DRUG INADMISSIBILITY |
50 William and Mary Law Review 163 (October, 2008) |
Changes in federal statutory policy, state criminal justice laws, and federal enforcement initiatives have led to an inflexible and zero-tolerance immigration policy with respect to minor drug use. This Article traces the evolution of the statutory scheme and how various provisions in state and federal law interact to create the current policy. It... |
2008 |
| Michael Tonry, Matthew Melewski |
THE MALIGN EFFECTS OF DRUG AND CRIME CONTROL POLICIES ON BLACK AMERICANS |
37 Crime and Justice 1 (2008) |
The disproportionate presence of blacks in American prisons, jails, and Death Rows, and the principal reasons for it--higher rates of commission of violent crimes and racially disparate effects of drug policies and sentencing laws governing violent and drug crimes--are well known. Since the late 1980s, black involvement in violent crime has... |
2008 |
| Nikki Jones, University of California, Santa Barbara |
UNEQUAL UNDER LAW: RACE IN THE WAR ON DRUGS. BY DORIS MARIE PROVINE. CHICAGO AND LONDON: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, 2007. PP. VIII+207. $18.00 PAPER |
42 Law and Society Review 934 (December, 2008) |
In recent years, a number of scholars have documented the accumulating consequences of America's decades-long commitment to imprisonment as the primary response to drug offenses. In Unequal Under Law, Doris Marie Provine adds to this important literature with her examination of the racialized histories of America's harshest drug policies. In six... |
2008 |
| Andrew D. Black |
"THE WAR ON PEOPLE": REFRAMING "THE WAR ON DRUGS" BY ADDRESSING RACISM WITHIN AMERICAN DRUG POLICY THROUGH RESTORATIVE JUSTICE AND COMMUNITY COLLABORATION |
46 University of Louisville Law Review 177 (Fall 2007) |
Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. One of every three African-American men between the ages of twenty and twenty-nine are under the control of the... |
2007 |
| Andrew C. Mac Nally |
A FUNCTIONALIST APPROACH TO THE DEFINITION OF "COCAINE BASE" IN § 841 |
74 University of Chicago Law Review 711 (Spring 2007) |
Responding to the rise of crack cocaine in the early 1980s, Congress passed the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 (ADAA). The ADAA amended 21 USC § 841 of the criminal code by creating a system of mandatory minimum sentences for the possession of different substances. The act was passed quickly, generating little legislative history beyond the floor... |
2007 |
| Norm Stamper |
AMERICA'S DRUG WAR AND THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY |
68 Montana Law Review 285 (Summer 2007) |
I believe that police officers can and must work hand-in-hand with the community to achieve public safety and, at the same time, safeguard constitutional guarantees. I believe the two go hand-in-glove. The largest number of violations of your civil liberties, of Americans' civil liberties, comes at the hands of police, at the federal, state, and... |
2007 |
| Jacob Loshin |
BEYOND THE CLASH OF DISPARITIES: COCAINE SENTENCING AFTER BOOKER |
29 Western New England Law Review 619 (2007) |
In United States v. Booker, the Supreme Court invalidated the federal Sentencing Guidelines and, with the stroke of a pen, unsettled more than two decades of established sentencing practice. Booker held that the highly detailed Sentencing Guidelines would now be merely advisory rather than mandatory, and that judges would now have discretion to... |
2007 |
| Ellen M. Weber |
CHILD WELFARE INTERVENTIONS FOR DRUG-DEPENDENT PREGNANT WOMEN: LIMITATIONS OF A NON-PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE |
75 UMKC Law Review 789 (Spring, 2007) |
National drug policy, medical practice and the child welfare system have not kept pace with scientific research that points to effective health interventions to address alcoholism and drug dependence among pregnant women. In its 2003 amendments to the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, Congress adopted a policy requiring physicians to report... |
2007 |
| |
CRIMINAL LAW -- FEDERAL SENTENCING GUIDELINES -- EIGHTH CIRCUIT HOLDS THAT DISTRICT COURT CANNOT REDUCE SENTENCE BASED ON CATEGORICAL DISAGREEMENT WITH 100:1 POWDER/CRACK COCAINE QUANTITY RATIO. -- UNITED STATES V. SPEARS, 469 F.3D 1166 (8TH CIR. 2006) (E |
120 Harvard Law Review 2004 (May, 2007) |
Although powder and crack cocaine are pharmacologically indistinguishable, these two substances carry markedly different criminal penalties. As the disproportionate racial impact of sentencing crack cocaine offenses much more harshly than those involving identical quantities of powder cocaine has become readily apparent, the United States... |
2007 |
| Martin D. Carcieri |
GONZALES V. RAICH: CONGRESSIONAL TYRANNY AND IRRELEVANCE IN THE WAR ON DRUGS |
9 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 1131 (unknown) |
The legislative department is everywhere extending the sphere of its activities . . . . [I]t is against the enterprising ambition of this department that the people ought to indulge all their jealousy and exhaust all their precautions. The powers of the legislature are defined, and limited; and that those limits may not be mistaken, or forgotten,... |
2007 |
| Christopher Carpenter , University of California at Irvine |
HEAVY ALCOHOL USE AND CRIME: EVIDENCE FROM UNDERAGE DRUNK-DRIVING LAWS |
50 Journal of Law & Economics 539 (August, 2007) |
This paper provides new evidence on the causal effect of alcohol use and crime. I use variation induced by the adoption of strict zero-tolerance (ZT) drunk-driving laws, which significantly reduced binge drinking by males aged 18-20 years but did not affect slightly older males aged 22-24 years. I use age-specific arrest data for police agencies in... |
2007 |
| Marcia G. Shein , 2392 North Decatur Road Decatur, GA 30033 404-633-3797 Fax 404-633-7980 E-mail marcia@msheinlaw.com Web Site www.msheinlaw.com |
RACE AND CRACK COCAINE OFFENSES: CORRECTING A TROUBLING INJUSTICE POST-BOOKER |
31-APR Champion 18 (April, 2007) |
Since 1987, and the promulgation of the federal Sentencing Guidelines, there has been an egregious sentencing disparity between crack and powder cocaine offenses. Courts and defense attorneys throughout the country have asserted that the disparity has disproportionately affected minorities. These draconian crack cocaine sentences offer little hope... |
2007 |
| Tiffany Scott |
REPERCUSSIONS OF THE "CRACK BABY" EPIDEMIC: WHY A MESSAGE OF CARE RATHER THAN PUNISHMENT IS NEEDED FOR PREGNANT DRUG-USERS |
19 National Black Law Journal 203 (2006-2007) |
In the 1980s, the media imprinted the image of the crack baby on the American conscience. The nation reacted with fear and a lack of understanding. Fifteen years later, the problem of the crack baby became, at least in the minds of policymakers, an epidemic. Instead of looking into the heart of the issue and reaching out to the women who were... |
2007 |
| Kevin R. Johnson |
TAKING THE "GARBAGE" OUT IN TULIA, TEXAS: THE TABOO ON BLACK-WHITE ROMANCE AND RACIAL PROFILING IN THE "WAR ON DRUGS" |
2007 Wisconsin Law Review 283 (2007) |
I. Introduction. 284 II. The Tulia Sting, or Round Up the Usual Suspects . 286 A. The Sting. 288 B. Vindication of the Accused. 291 III. The Continuing Evil of Race-Mixing: Tulia as a Case Study. 294 A. The Legal and Social Prohibition of Black-White Relationships. 295 1. The Persistence of Social Separation. 297 2. The Lingering Stigma of... |
2007 |
| Briton K. Nelson |
ADDING FUEL TO THE FIRE: UNITED STATES V. BOOKER AND THE CRACK VERSUS POWDER COCAINE SENTENCING DISPARITY |
40 University of Richmond Law Review 1161 (May, 2006) |
The sentencing structures for crack and powder cocaine have been dramatically different since the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 established a 100:1 ratio as the penalty differential between the two drugs, and set the same punishment for five grams of crack as for five hundred grams of powder cocaine. The ratio was followed in the Federal Sentencing... |
2006 |
| Nekima Levy-Pounds |
BEATEN BY THE SYSTEM AND DOWN FOR THE COUNT: WHY POOR WOMEN OF COLOR AND CHILDREN DON'T STAND A CHANCE AGAINST U.S. DRUG-SENTENCING POLICY |
3 University of Saint Thomas Law Journal 462 (Spring 2006) |
I. Introduction. 463 II. Case of Kemba Smith as a Paradigm of Problems Within the War on Drugs . 467 A. Kemba the Kingpin and Mandatory Minimums. 468 B. Prosecutors as Gatekeepers to Freedom for Defendants. 470 1. Conspiracy Charges and the Catch-22. 470 2. Substantial Assistance and the Girlfriend Problem . 472 3. Ineffective Attempts at... |
2006 |
| Randolph Kline, Samantha Graff, Leslie Zellers, Marice Ashe |
BEYOND ADVERTISING CONTROLS: INFLUENCING JUNK-FOOD MARKETING AND CONSUMPTION WITH POLICY INNOVATIONS DEVELOPED IN TOBACCO CONTROL |
39 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 603 (May, 2006) |
In many ways, the tobacco control movement and the improved-nutrition advocacy movement (sometimes called the obesity prevention movement) are on parallel tracks. Both movements are grounded in compelling epidemiological data that document the extraordinary toll on human health and mortality caused by unhealth-ful consumer products. Tobacco... |
2006 |
| Amanda D. Cary |
COCAINE BASE: NOT ALL IT'S CRACKED UP TO BE |
40 U.C. Davis Law Review 531 (December, 2006) |
Introduction. 533 I. Background. 535 A. The Chemistry of Cocaine. 536 B. The Evolution of Cocaine Regulation in the United States. 538 C. 21 U.S.C. § 841: Setting Mandatory Minimums for Drug-Related Offenses. 541 D. The 1993 Amendments to the Sentencing Guidelines. 542 II. The Split. 543 A. The Narrow Interpretation: Statutory Interpretation and... |
2006 |
| Noah Mamber |
COKE AND SMACK AT THE DRUGSTORE: HARM REDUCTIVE DRUG LEGALIZATION: AN ALTERNATIVE TO A CRIMINALIZATION SOCIETY |
15 Cornell Journal of Law & Public Policy 619 (Summer 2006) |
INTRODUCTION. 620 A. Philosophical Bases for Various Drug Policy Models. 622 B. Problematic Effects of Illegal Drugs. 625 I. CURRENT SCHEME-CRIMINALIZATION AND ITS EFFECTS. 626 A. Environmental Consequences. 631 B. Economics. 631 C. Mandatory Minimum Sentences. 634 D. Higher Education Act. 636 E. Public Health Crisis. 637 F. Drug Crime. 639 G.... |
2006 |
| Pauline T. Kim |
COLLECTIVE AND INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES TO PROTECTING EMPLOYEE PRIVACY: THE EXPERIENCE WITH WORKPLACE DRUG TESTING |
66 Louisiana Law Review 1009 (Summer, 2006) |
The latter half of the twentieth century saw a marked shift in the form of legal regulation of the workplace. At mid-century, unions were at the height of their power in terms of membership and bargaining strength. The dominant legal model for governing workplace relations was the one put into place by the Wagner Act in 1935, a model promoting... |
2006 |
| Jonathan Kahn, J.D., Ph.D |
HARMONIZING RACE: COMPETING REGULATORY PARADIGMS OF RACIAL CATEGORIZATION IN INTERNATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT |
5 Santa Clara Journal of International Law 34 (2006) |
Two powerful dynamics are at the forefront of contemporary pharmaceutical development: global outsourcing of clinical trials and pharmacogenomics. These two dynamics come together in the regulatory arena through the development of international guidelines to harmonize the production and use of clinical data involving diverse ethnic and racial... |
2006 |
| Karen L. Chadwick |
IS LEISURE-TIME SMOKING A VALID EMPLOYMENT CONSIDERATION? |
70 Albany Law Review 117 (2006) |
It has been over forty years since the Surgeon General first released a report stating that cigarette smoking is a health hazard and a primary contributor to lung disease. Since that report, substantial research has established that smoking dramatically increases the risk of death from a plethora of conditions. Despite widespread awareness and... |
2006 |
| Avi Brisman |
METH CHIC AND THE TYRANNY OF THE IMMEDIATE : REFLECTIONS ON THE CULTURE-DRUG/DRUG-CRIME RELATIONSHIPS |
82 North Dakota Law Review 1273 (2006) |
I. INTRODUCTION. 1275 II. L.'S STORY. 1291 III. DEFINITIONS, HISTORY, AND DEMOGRAPHICS. 1294 A. Definitions. 1294 1. Brief History of Drug Use and Abuse. 1296 2. Brief History of Amphetamine Use and Abuse. 1299 3. Brief History of Methamphetamine Use and Abuse. 1303 B. Who's Using Methamphetamine?. 1307 IV. DRUG-CRIME RELATIONSHIPS. 1312 A.... |
2006 |
| David J. Garrow , for the Washington Post |
PRESUMED GUILTY: A REPORTER'S SORRY TALE OF AN OUT-OF-CONTROL TEXAS DRUG STING TULIA: RACE, COCAINE, AND CORRUPTION IN A SMALL TEXAS TOWN, BY NATE BLAKESLEE, PULIC AFFAIRS: 450 PP. $26.95. AVAILABLE ON AMAZON.COM |
31-JAN Montana Lawyer 9 (December, 2005/January, 2006) |
Iconoclastic lawyers who challenge the deeply entrenched, local powers-that-be relish the rare occasions when they prevail. For Jeff Blackburn, an Amarillo, Tex., attorney who is one of the heroes of Nate Blakeslee's thoroughly reported and superbly written new book, such an opportunity came late one night in 2003. Recalcitrant prosecutors had... |
2006 |
| Wade, Henderson, Executive Director,, Leadership, Conference on, Human Rights, Written Testimony, Submitted to the, Inter-American, Commission on, Human Rights, March 3. 2006 |
STATEMENT WADE HENDERSON: DRUG SENTENCING PRACTICES AND ISSUES |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (April 1, 2006) |
On behalf of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR), the nation's oldest, largest, and most diverse civil and human rights coalition, I am pleased to submit the following statement to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights regarding the civil rights implications of drug sentencing practices in the United States. In the half century... |
2006 |
| Tiffany Lyttle |
STOP THE INJUSTICE: A PROTEST AGAINST THE UNCONSTITUTIONAL PUNISHMENT OF PREGNANT DRUG-ADDICTED WOMEN |
9 NYU Journal of Legislation and Public Policy 781 (2005-2006) |
Beginning in the late 1970s, an innovative prosecutorial strategy arose: states began prosecuting pregnant women because of their criminal behavior and its effects on their unborn and newborn children. Prior to this creative use of the criminal justice system, women had never been prosecuted, let alone punished, for this behavior during pregnancy.... |
2006 |