| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year |
| Steven S. Martin, James A. Inciardi, Daniel J. O'Connell, Senior Scientist, Professor and Director, Research Associate Center for Drug and Alcohol Studies |
TREATMENT RESEARCH IN OZ-IS RANDOMIZATION THE IDEAL OR JUST SOMEWHERE OVER THE RAINBOW? |
67-SEP Federal Probation 53 (September, 2003) |
MEETING THE TREATMENT needs of offenders within the correctional system promises an important societal investment in reducing the number of incarcerated drug-involved offenders and the concomitant burgeoning costs of incarceration and health care. Researchers have documented the high costs of drug-abusing offenders whose criminal activity, criminal... |
2003 |
| Regina Austin |
"STEP ON A CRACK, BREAK YOUR MOTHER'S BACK": POOR MOMS, MYTHS OF AUTHORITY, AND DRUG-RELATED EVICTIONS FROM PUBLIC HOUSING |
14 Yale Journal of Law & Feminism 273 (2002) |
Once upon a time, the old superstition Step on a crack, break your mother's back turned many of my walks down city streets into a game. What else could cracks have referred to but the lines and crevices in the pavement? Of course, it did not much matter, since little depended on it. I knew that my mama's well-being did not rise or fall with my... |
2002 |
| Tal Klement, Elizabeth Siggins |
A WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY: ADDRESSING THE COMPLEXITIES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DRUG ENFORCEMENT AND RACIAL DISPARITY IN SEATTLE |
1 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 165 (Spring/Summer, 2002) |
L1-2Table of Contents: Executive Summary. 168 Section I. Introduction. 171 Central Question of this Report:. 171 Background: The Minority & Justice Commission Report. 172 The Harm of Racial Disparity. 173 Methodology. 174 Structure of Report. 175 Section II. Defining Disparity. 175 Racial Demographics for the City, County, and State. 176 Disparity:... |
2002 |
| Keith Donoghue |
CASUALTIES OF WAR: CRIMINAL DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT AND ITS SPECIAL COSTS FOR THE POOR |
77 New York University Law Review 1776 (December, 2002) |
Over the last three decades, different criticisms have emerged in response to the war on drugs. One strain of argument relies on a pragmatic analysis of the costs and benefits to society as a whole of using criminal sanctions. Although the costs associated with drug-related harms and drug enforcement disproportionately burden poor communities,... |
2002 |
| Graham Boyd |
COLLATERAL DAMAGE IN THE WAR ON DRUGS |
47 Villanova Law Review 839 (2002) |
A declaration of war, now as at other moments in our national history, invites us to disregard the normal rules of conduct under the imperative of a higher goal assumed to trump all other considerations. For example, Abraham Lincoln suspended the fundamental right to the Writ of Habeas Corpus, citing the exigencies of the Civil War as a rationale... |
2002 |
| Phyllis Goldfarb |
COUNTING THE DRUG WAR'S FEMALE CASUALTIES |
6 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 277 (Fall 2002) |
This article explores the impact of the drug war on women's lives. In Part I, I examine the usage of the word war and its connotations. In Part II, I illustrate the impact of the drug war on women's lives by detailing a dozen federal cases in which women have served--or, in several instances continue to serve--long mandatory sentences for drug... |
2002 |
| Michael A. Simons |
DEPARTING WAYS: UNIFORMITY, DISPARITY AND COOPERATION IN FEDERAL DRUG SENTENCES |
47 Villanova Law Review 921 (2002) |
I. Introduction. 921 II. The Sentencing Guidelines, Mandatory Minimums and the War on Drugs. 925 A. The Demise of Rehabilitation and the Birth of the War on Drugs. 925 B. The Sentencing Guidelines and Departures: An Overview. 931 C. Departures in Drug Cases. 938 D. Cooperation Departures and Disparity. 944 III. In Defense of Cooperation (and... |
2002 |
| Sandra, Guerra, Thompson, Associate Dean for, Academic Affairs and, Professor of Law,, University of Houston, Law Center |
DID THE WAR ON DRUGS DIE WITH THE BIRTH OF THE WAR ON TERRORISM?: A CLOSER LOOK AT CIVIL FORFEITURE AND RACIAL PROFILING AFTER 9/11 |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (January 1, 2002) |
We stand at the threshold of a new era in law enforcementor do we? The tragic events of September 11th make the task of considering the role of law enforcement in fighting the war on drugs much more complex. Indeed, judging from media accounts since 9/11, there is virtually no war on drugs left to discuss. That is to say, with reporting... |
2002 |
| Paula Kautt, Paula Kautt is a, Program Analyst at, the federal Drug, Enforcement, Administration. She, earned a doctorate in, Criminal Justice from, the University of, Nebraska Omaha in, 2000. The views, expressed in this, essay are solely those, of the a |
DIFFERENTIAL USAGE OF GUIDELINE STANDARDS BY DEFENDANT RACE AND GENDER IN FEDERAL DRUG SENTENCES: FACT OR FICTION? |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (January 1, 2002) |
A number of recent statistical studies from social science suggest that sentencing outcomes for federal drug offenses vary significantly by defendant race, gender, and ethnicity. The primary explanation offered for these apparent disparities is that defendant race, gender, and ethnicity interact with the legally relevant guideline factors (such as... |
2002 |
| Erik Luna |
DRUG EXCEPTIONALISM |
47 Villanova Law Review 753 (2002) |
NO one doubts that America is an exceptional society, both for better and for worse. It is the longest running democracy, the world's undisputed economic leader and the only remaining superpower in the new millennium. But the United States is also remarkable for its socio-economic inequality, commitment to litigation and adversarial relationships,... |
2002 |
| John Barry |
FROM DRUG WAR TO DIRTY WAR: PLAN COLOMBIA AND THE U.S. ROLE IN HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN COLOMBIA |
12 Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems 161 (Spring, 2002) |
L1-4,T4Forward 162 I. L2-4,T4Introduction 163 II. L2-4,T4Background on Colombia and the Drug War 164 A. L3-4,T4Geography 165 B. L3-4,T4People 166 C. L3-4,T4Economy 167 D. L3-4,T4History, Politics, and Society 168 E. L3-4,T4Origins and Evolution of the Drug Trade 171 F. L3-4,T4The U.S. Drug War 172 III. L2-4,T4The War on Drugs and Human Rights 173... |
2002 |
| Nancy S. Marder |
JURIES, DRUG LAWS & SENTENCING |
6 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 337 (Fall 2002) |
The institution of the jury continues to be under attack. In the wake of criminal trials, such as O.J. Simpson, in which the jury was portrayed as biased or incompetent, and civil trials, such as the McDonald's coffee cup case, in which the jury was portrayed as vindictive and the award as outrageous, the other branches of government have tried to... |
2002 |
| Debora Halbert |
MORALIZED DISCOURSES: SOUTH AFRICA'S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FIGHT FOR ACCESS TO AIDS DRUGS |
1 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 257 (Fall/Winter, 2002) |
In 1997, the South African government passed the South African Medicines and Related Substances Control Act Amendments in order to address the problems associated with delivering AIDS medication to the millions of South Africans with HIV/AIDS. The scope of the act was modest, allowing the Minister of Health to make affordable medication available... |
2002 |
| Dee Marlo E. Chico |
PHARMACOGENOMICS: A BRAVE NEW WORLD IN DESIGNER DRUGS |
5 Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Minority Issues 111 (Fall 2002) |
I. Introduction. 112 A. Laying the Foundation. 113 1. The Scientific Background. 115 2. An Introduction to Pharmacogenomics. 116 II. Historical Perspective: An Introduction to Pharmacogenomics. 122 A. The Genome and Human History. 124 B. Genetic Determinism and Discrimination. 125 C. The Shadow of Eugenics. 126 D. The Nature of Pharmacogenomics.... |
2002 |
| Frank J. Chaloupka , Ellen J. Hahn , Sherry L. Emery |
POLICY LEVERS FOR THE CONTROL OF TOBACCO CONSUMPTION |
90 Kentucky Law Journal 1009 (2001-2002) |
Historically one of the oldest and most important crops in the United States, tobacco has become embroiled in the second half of the twentieth century in a struggle pitting American economic interests against public health. It is in the tobacco growing and manufacturing states that this conflict between lives and money is particularly prominent. In... |
2002 |
| Kenneth B. Nunn |
RACE, CRIME AND THE POOL OF SURPLUS CRIMINALITY: OR WHY THE 'WAR ON DRUGS' WAS A 'WAR ON BLACKS' |
6 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 381 (Fall 2002) |
The War on Drugs has had a devastating effect on African American communities nationwide. Throughout the drug war, African Americans have been disproportionately investigated, detained, searched, arrested and charged with the use, possession and sale of illegal drugs. Vast numbers of African Americans have been jailed and imprisoned pursuant to the... |
2002 |
| Gabriel J. Chin |
RACE, THE WAR ON DRUGS, AND THE COLLATERAL CONSEQUENCES OF CRIMINAL CONVICTION |
6 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 253 (Fall 2002) |
One of the most important recent developments in the criminal justice system is the increasing imposition of sanctions for conviction off-budget, covertly. These sanctions, often called collateral consequences, are not imposed explicitly as part of the sentencing process, but by legislative creation of penalties applicable by operation of law... |
2002 |
| Samuel R. Gross , Katherine Y. Barnes |
ROAD WORK: RACIAL PROFILING AND DRUG INTERDICTION ON THE HIGHWAY |
101 Michigan Law Review 651 (December, 2002) |
I. Introduction. 653 II. Stops, Searches and Hits. 662 A. The Maryland State Police Data. 662 1. Searches and Stops. 662 2. Hits.. 667 B. The Process. 670 1. Pretext Stops and Operation Pipeline. 670 2. Consent and Probable Cause. 672 3. Intelligence. 677 C. Do the Data Describe Reality?. 678 1. Misreporting. 678 2. Preselecting. 682 D. Is This... |
2002 |
| |
STATEMENT OF DIANA E. MURPHY |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (January 1, 2002) |
Chairman Biden, members of the Subcommittee, I am Diana Murphy, Chair of the United States Sentencing Commission (the Commission) and a judge on the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. I appreciate the opportunity to testify today about federal cocaine sentencing policy, and the Subcommittee should be commended for holding this important hearing.... |
2002 |
| Amanda Kay |
THE AGONY OF ECSTASY: RECONSIDERING THE PUNITIVE APPROACH TO UNITED STATES DRUG POLICY |
29 Fordham Urban Law Journal 2133 (June, 2002) |
People think they can stop the drug traffic by putting people in jail and by having terribly long sentences. But, of course, it doesn't do any good. -- Judge Whitman Knapp In the past few years, legislators and judges have become more vocal in their opposition to the war on drugs in the United States. However, challenging punitive drug laws is... |
2002 |
| Deanna Rae Reitman |
THE COLLISION BETWEEN THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN, THE RIGHTS OF THE FETUS AND THE RIGHTS OF THE STATE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CRIMINAL PROSECUTION OF DRUG ADDICTED PREGNANT WOMEN |
16 Saint John's Journal of Legal Commentary 267 (Winter 2002) |
An estimated 375,000 infants are born each year affected by maternal drug abuse during pregnancy, requiring up to $100,000 of intensive medical care per child. A $37.5 million price tag has compelled courts and legislatures to take action, many imposing criminal sanctions against pregnant drug users. The use of criminal sanctions to deal with... |
2002 |
| Lars Noah |
THE COMING PHARMACOGENOMICS REVOLUTION: TAILORING DRUGS TO FIT PATIENTS' GENETIC PROFILES |
43 Jurimetrics Journal 1 (Fall, 2002) |
The opportunity for increased precision in pharmaceutical therapy will represent one of the important legacies of the Human Genome Project. Medical researchers have long suspected that genetic differences account for some of the variability in patient response to drugs, but now they hope that the identification of single nucleotide... |
2002 |
| Stephen, Demuth, Assistant Professor of, Sociology, Bowling Green State, University |
THE EFFECT OF CITIZENSHIP STATUS ON SENTENCING OUTCOMES IN DRUG CASES |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (March 1, 2002) |
With the enactment of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984, Congress explicitly instructed the U.S. Sentencing Commission to draft sentencing guidelines entirely neutral as to race, sex, national origin, creed, and socioeconomic status of offenders. Efforts to evaluate the success of the federal guidelines in avoiding unwarranted sentencing... |
2002 |
| FRANK O. BOWMAN, III Associate Professor of Law Indiana University, School of Law—Indianapolis |
THE GEOLOGY OF DRUG POLICY IN 2002 |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (November 1, 2001 - January 1, 2002) |
My father taught geology at the college in the small southwest Colorado town where I grew up. So I have always looked at the apparently solid, enduring features of the Earth's surface with the knowledge that the seeming stasis is an illusion born of my inability to see changes going on beneath the surface, as well as the disproportion between the... |
2002 |
| Mark T. Baker |
THE HOLLOW PROMISE OF TRIBAL POWER TO CONTROL THE FLOW OF ALCOHOL INTO INDIAN COUNTRY |
88 Virginia Law Review 685 (May 1, 2002) |
L1-2Introduction 686. I. The Historical Development of Federal Indian Alcohol Policy. 688 A. The Colonial Era. 688 B. United States Policy Regarding the Introduction of Alcohol into Indian Country. 690 C. Federal Statutes Governing Alcohol in Indian Country Today. 693 D. Federal Policy Governing the Distribution of Land in Indian Country. 695 II.... |
2002 |
| John Scalia,, Jr., Mr. Scalia is the, statistician for the, Office of the Detention, Trustee, U.S., Department of Justice., Previously, he was a, statistician with the, Bureau of Justice, Statistics managing, the Federal Justice, Statistics Program, and a |
THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN FEDERAL LAW AND POLICY ON THE SENTENCING OF, AND TIME SERVED IN PRISON BY, DRUG DEFENDANTS CONVICTED IN U.S. DISTRICT COURTS |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (January 1, 2002) |
In the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 (SRA), Congress sought to reduce or eliminate unwarranted disparities in sentences imposed within and across federal judicial districts. By reducing inter- and intra-district disparities, Congress sought to ensure that imposed sentences did not vary according to the defendant's race, gender, national origin,... |
2002 |
| Celesta A. Albonetti |
THE JOINT CONDITIONING EFFECT OF DEFENDANT'S GENDER AND ETHNICITY ON LENGTH OF IMPRISONMENT UNDER THE FEDERAL SENTENCING GUIDELINES FOR DRUG TRAFFICKING/MANUFACTURING OFFENDERS |
6 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 39 (Spring/Summer 2002) |
During the last three decades, numerous studies have focused on the effects of extralegal defendant characteristics on sentence outcomes. Much of this research has examined the effect of the defendant's gender and/or the effect of the defendant's ethnicity on sentence severity. These studies have produced important findings establishing a... |
2002 |
| Frank Rudy Cooper |
THE UN-BALANCED FOURTH AMENDMENT: A CULTURAL STUDY OF THE DRUG WAR, RACIAL PROFILING AND ARVIZU |
47 Villanova Law Review 851 (2002) |
THE drug war is the United States' attempt to eradicate illegal drug use by means of investigation and punishment of drug users and drug suppliers. In its current form, the drug war emanates from then newly elected President Ronald Reagan's declaration of a war on drugs. This Article seeks to elucidate how law enforcement interests aimed... |
2002 |
| Kevin R. Johnson |
U.S. BORDER ENFORCEMENT: DRUGS, MIGRANTS, AND THE RULE OF LAW |
47 Villanova Law Review 897 (2002) |
OVER the last few decades, law enforcement efforts to control the U.S. borders have focused on drugs and illegal immigrants. While the North American Free Trade Agreement encouraged the free flow of capital and goods across American borders, the United States almost simultaneously with the trade pact's approval took aggressive steps in the name of... |
2002 |
| |
U.S. SENTENCING COMMISSION HEARING, 2/25/02: POWDER COCAINE, CRACK COCAINE, AND RACE |
Federal Sentencing Reporter (January 1, 2002) |
Editor's Note: On February 25, 2002, the U.S. Sentencing Commission held a hearing on cocaine sentencing policy. The last two speakers, Wade Henderson of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights and Charles Kamasaki of the National Council of La Raza expressed their concern about the disproportionate impact of federal drug policy on members of... |
2002 |
| Petra Sami |
WATERED DOWN CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS: A HOSPITAL'S ROLE IN PROSECUTING PREGNANT WOMEN FOR DRUG USE IN FERGUSON V. CITY OF CHARLESTON |
16 Saint John's Journal of Legal Commentary 767 (Fall 2002) |
In the wake of the dramatic rise in the use of illicit drugs in modern society, the resulting war on drugs, and more specifically, the prevalence of drug use among pregnant women and the media attention on the rise of crack use and poignant stories of crack babies, states began prosecuting drug-using pregnant mothers for such crimes as child... |
2002 |
| |
WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD FOR DRUG COURTS? |
29 Fordham Urban Law Journal 1858 (June, 2002) |
Nahama Broner New York University School of Social Work Caroline S. Cooper Drug Court Clearinghouse, American University Michael Jacobson John Jay College of Criminal Justice Juanita Bing-Newton New York State Office of Court Administration Deborah P. Small The Lindesmith Center My talk today is going to focus on slightly different than I think the... |
2002 |
| David B. Ezra |
"GET YOUR ASHES OUT OF MY LIVING ROOM!": CONTROLLING TOBACCO SMOKE IN MULTI-UNIT RESIDENTIAL HOUSING |
54 Rutgers Law Review 135 (Fall, 2001) |
In this Article, the Author addresses one of the newer fronts in the battle between smokers and nonsmokersthe home. The Article suggests that existing legal precedent allows property owners and managers to regulate or prohibit smoking in various residential settings. After presenting a short history of tobacco regulation, the Author discusses the... |
2001 |
| Leonard E. Birdsong |
DRUG DECRIMINALIZATION AND FELONY DISENFRANCHISEMENT: THE NEW CIVIL RIGHTS CAUSES |
2 Barry Law Review 73 (Summer 2001) |
The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution gave black men the right to vote five years after the Civil War ended. Black women won that right, along with other adult females, when the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified fifty years later. However, having the right on paper and being able to exercise it were two different things for many... |
2001 |
| Eric E. Sterling |
DRUG LAWS AND THOUGHT CRIME |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 327 (Spring 2001) |
Good morning everyone. I am curious--how many people in the audience are law students? Could you raise your hands? How many people in the audience are lawyers, members of the bar? Raise your hands please. How many people in the audience are not lawyers or law students? Good, there is quite a mix. I wanted to start first with the question of Jim... |
2001 |
| Diana R. Gordon |
DRUG POLICY AND THE DANGEROUS CLASSES: A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 315 (Spring 2001) |
As this symposium convenes President Bill Clinton has on his desk, awaiting his signature, a bill that provides for harsh mandatory minimum sentences for possession and sale of methamphetamine but not for the closely related club drug Ecstasy. Speed tends to be a drug of choice for poor Hispanics while Ecstasy is used by middle-class whites,... |
2001 |
| Brigitte M. Nahas |
DRUG TESTS, ARRESTS & FETUSES: |
8 Cardozo Women's Law Journal 105 (2001) |
A COMMENT ON THE U.S. SUPREME COURT'S NARROW OPINION IN FERGUSON v. CITY OF CHARLESTON The arrests resembled the conduct of a state in a totalitarian regime, with police apprehending some patients within days, or even hours, of giving birth, and hauling them to jail in handcuffs and leg shackles. Police attached handcuffs to three-inch wide leather... |
2001 |
| Paul Iannicelli |
DRUGS IN CINEMA: SEPARATING THE MYTHS FROM REALITY |
9 UCLA Entertainment Law Review 139 (Fall 2001) |
American society has always had a conflicted attitude towards mood-altering drugs, characterized by fear on the one hand and curiosity on the other. During different times, one attitude or the other - fear or curiosity - seems to predominate. Periods of tolerance and benign outlook are followed by periods of intolerance and determined efforts to... |
2001 |
| Kurt Schmoke |
FORGING A NEW CONSENSUS IN THE WAR ON DRUGS: IS IT POSSIBLE? |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 351 (Spring 2001) |
Thank you very much. Dean Epps , it is great to see you, great to be here. Marc Mauer and Eric Sterling and Judge Sweet have all been very active in trying to help us as a country to really try and live out the central tenants of our philosophy of equal justice under the law. I've heard them speak and they have heard me speak on a number of... |
2001 |
| David D. Cole |
FORMALISM, REALISM, AND THE WAR ON DRUGS |
35 Suffolk University Law Review 241 (2001) |
Upon graduation, one of my law school classmates became an Assistant United States Attorney (AUSA) in a major city in the Northeast, where he found himself prosecuting federal drug cases. Like Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas reportedly reacted upon seeing a man taken into custody, my friend had a there but for the grace of God go I... |
2001 |
| Jerome H. Skolnick, Abigail Caplovitz |
GUNS, DRUGS, AND PROFILING: WAYS TO TARGET GUNS AND MINIMIZE RACIAL PROFILING |
43 Arizona Law Review 413 (Summer 2001) |
Minorities--people of color--are the main victims of crime in New York and other cities. If murder rates had held steady in 1999 at the 1993 level in New York City, 2229 more African Americans, 64 more Asians, and 1842 more Hispanics (a total of 4205 people of color) would have been murder victims, as compared to 308 whites. And crime has plunged... |
2001 |
| Susan Frietsche |
POLICING DRUG USE DURING PREGNANCY |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 411 (Spring 2001) |
Ferguson v. City of Charleston, No. 99-936, was argued before the U.S. Supreme Court on October 4, 2000. The facts of Ferguson are on the whole not in dispute: in 1989, Charleston County law enforcement officials collaborated with the Medical University of South Carolina--a public hospital that served primarily low-income, African American... |
2001 |
| Marc Mauer |
RACE, DRUG LAWS, & CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 321 (Spring 2001) |
This symposium is about the war on drugs and its impact, but I think that there are really two wars on drugs that we are talking about, with at least two perspectives. From one perspective, I am the parent of two teenage children. They are good kids, do well in school and are involved in sports and music. As far as I know my children are not doing... |
2001 |
| Dawn Day |
RACIAL PROFILING AND OTHER FACTORS IN THE SPREAD OF AIDS AMONG PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 359 (Spring 2001) |
There are 20,000 new HIV infections each year among people who inject drugs, with the burden of the HIV/AIDS epidemic falling much more heavily on African Americans than on whites. This analysis will consider several possible reasons for this differential impact, including: racial differences in injecting drug use, racial differences in genetic... |
2001 |
| Samantha Weyrauch |
THE FETUS AND THE DRUG ADDICTED MOTHER: WHOSE RIGHTS SHOULD PREVAIL? |
5 Michigan State University Journal of Medicine & Law 95 (Spring, 2001) |
C1-3Table of Contents L1-2Introduction . R395. I. Fetal/Maternal Rights. 97 A. Status of the Fetus in Medicine. 97 B. The Fetal Rights Doctrine. 98 II. The Problem of Prenatal Substance Abuse. 100 A. Profile of the Women. 101 B. Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Abuse. 103 C. Unavailability of Treatment Options. 105 III. Legal Obstacles to Maternal... |
2001 |
| Dennis J. Callahan |
THE LONG DISTANCE REMAND: FLORIDA v. BOSTICK AND THE RE-AWAKENED BUS SEARCH BATTLEFRONT IN THE WAR ON DRUGS |
43 William and Mary Law Review 365 (October, 2001) |
The War on Drugs has led to the development of innovative police tactics in much the same way that conventional wars have produced technological and medical breakthroughs. To keep pace with law enforcement, the Supreme Court has been scrambling to set the boundaries of Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures in... |
2001 |
| Steven J. Boretos |
THE ROLE OF DISCRIMINATION AND DRUG POLICY IN EXCESSIVE INCARCERATION IN THE UNITED STATES |
6 University of the District of Columbia Law Review 73 (Fall 2001) |
United States prisons now hold more people in confinement than ever before in the history of any country in the world. An analysis of this situation reveals that racial discrimination and public policies, such as the war on drugs, getting tough on crime and zero tolerance are to blame, resulting in government-wide violations of individual... |
2001 |
| Eda Katharine Tinto |
THE ROLE OF GENDER AND RELATIONSHIP IN REFORMING THE ROCKEFELLER DRUG LAWS |
76 New York University Law Review 906 (June, 2001) |
In recent years, New York's drug sentencing laws--the Rockefeller Drug Laws-- have come under attack due to their failure to reduce drug use despite the growing prison population. The political and academic communities now are debating how best to reform these laws. In this Note, Eda Tinto highlights the absence of a much-needed discussion... |
2001 |
| Lynn M. Paltrow |
THE WAR ON DRUGS AND THE WAR ON ABORTION: SOME INITIAL THOUGHTS ON THE CONNECTIONS, INTERSECTIONS AND THE EFFECTS |
28 Southern University Law Review 201 (Special Edition 2001) |
While many people view the war on abortion and the war on drugs as distinct, there are in fact many connections and overlaps between the two. Their history, the strategies used to control and punish some reproductive choices and those to control the use of certain drugs, the limitations that exist to access to reproductive health care and drug... |
2001 |
| Benjamin D. Steiner , Victor Argothy |
WHITE ADDICTION: RACIAL INEQUALITY, RACIAL IDEOLOGY, AND THE WAR ON DRUGS |
10 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 443 (Spring 2001) |
[O]pposing whiteness is not the same as opposing white people. White supremacy is an equal opportunity employer; nonwhite people can become active agents of white supremacy as well as passive participants in its hierarchies and rewards. Some of these kids come from beautiful homes, says W.J. Hunt, chairman of the Los Angeles County Narcotics and... |
2001 |