AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearEthnicity in Title or SummaryGender in Title or Summary
Christopher M. Alexander Crushing Equality: Gender Equal Sentencing in America 6 American University Journal of Gender & the Law 199 (Fall 1997) I. INTRODUCTION. 200 II. A LOOK AT THE CURRENT SENTENCING POLICIES. 201 A. Federal: the Sentencing Guidelines and Mandatory Minimums. 201 B. State: Mandatory Minimums and Three Strikes . 202 III. RATIONALES SUPPORTING AND OPPOSING THE REFORMS. 203 A. Benefits of Current Sentencing Laws. 203 1. Deterrence. 203 2. Uniform Punishment System. 205 3....; Search Snippet: ...Journal of Gender & the Law Fall 1997 Articles Crushing Equality: Gender Equal Sentencing in America Christopher M. Alexander [Fna1] Copyright ©... 1997    
Ann Scales Disappearing Medusa: the Fate of Feminist Legal Theory? 20 Harvard Women's Law Journal 34 (Spring, 1997) Here is all my liberal arts education had to say about Medusa: In Greek mythology, she was a Gorgon, a monster with hair of snakes. Gazing upon a Gorgon would turn a man to stone. The mortal Perseus set out against all odds to kill Medusa, to give her head as a wedding present (to his creepy future stepfather). Perseus prevailed, but only with help...; Search Snippet: ...Years of Feminist Thought Essay Disappearing Medusa: the Fate of Feminist Legal Theory? [Fna1] Ann Scales [Fnaa1] Copyright (C) 1997 By... 1997    
Dolores Garcia Dolores Garcia 14 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 149 (Symposium, 1997) What I would like to share with you today is a review of the literature on single-sex schooling and also outline the study that I have been conducting over the course of the past two years, which is the source of my dissertation entitled, Single-Sex Public Schooling for Girls: Implications for Educational Policy. I became...; Search Snippet: ...Study Focuses on Minority Girls. My Analytic Sample Includes White Girls, African- American Girls, and Asian Girls. I Attempted to Include Hispanic Girls as Well; However, the N (Number of Girls)or the Number of Hispanic Girls... 1997 Multiple Groups  
Janice Koch Dr. Janice Koch 14 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 139 (Symposium, 1997) I am a science teacher educator, and my research has been engaged in encouraging the participation of girls and young women in all areas of mathematics and science. I spent a great deal of my time, first, as a teacher in a coeducational private school in New York City in the sciences for about 12 years, and then as a consultant to...; Search Snippet: ...Floors of 105 East 106th Street, There Are 55 Uniformed Hispanic and African- American Girls [Fn26] Interacting in Three Learning Groups. They Follow a Program... 1997 Multiple Groups  
Micere Githae Mugo Elitist Anti-circumcision Discourse as Mutilating and Anti-feminist 47 Case Western Reserve Law Review 461 (Winter 1997) The space limitation of this paper militates against a coherent response to the wealth of pertinent ideas raised by Professor Obiora's timely intervention on the question of female circumcision. Until now, the issue has been approached mostly from anthropological, health, policy, and popular literature perspectives, but it has never been so closely...; Search Snippet: ...Female Circumcision Elitist Anti-circumcision Discourse as Mutilating and Anti- Feminist Micere Githae Mugo [Fnd] Copyright (C) 1997 Case Western Reserve... 1997    
Sylvia A. Law Ending Welfare as We Know it 49 Stanford Law Review 471 (January, 1997) In this review essay, Professor Law discusses the disparity between the rhetoric surrounding the recently passed welfare reform legislation and the actual lifestyles of welfare recipients. Drawing on the five books under review, Professor Law debunks the welfare myths that allowed politicians to claim the recent legislation ended welfare as we...; Search Snippet: ...Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. 1995. 225 Pp. $22.50. Keeping Women and Children Last: America's War on the Poor. By Ruth... 1997    
Sherri Kimmel Entering the Select Circle Rainmaker Lawyers Have Traditionally Been Men. But It's Another Tradition That's Changing. More and More Women Lawyers Are Successfully Cultivating the Visibility, Contacts and Relationships on Which Business Is Built 19-JUN Pennsylvania Lawyer 24 (May/June, 1997) Fifteen years ago the title partner was a rare appendage to a woman lawyer's name. Now with the numbers of female partners growing, though not abounding, more women are finding that most glorious of appellations attached to their names -- rainmaker. Nationally, and in major urban centers such as Philadelphia, organizations for women are springing...; Search Snippet: ...Men. But It's Another Tradition That's Changing. More and More Women Lawyers Are Successfully Cultivating the Visibility, Contacts and Relationships On... 1997   Yes
Karen Lazarus Kupetz Equal Benefits, Equal Burdens: "Skeptical Scrutiny" for Gender Classifications after United States V. Virginia 30 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 1333 (April, 1997) However liberally [the Virginia Military Institute] plan serves the State's sons, it makes no provision whatever for her daughters. That is not equal protection. --Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg In 1872 Supreme Court Justice Bradley wrote, Man is, or should be, woman's protector and defender. . . . The paramount destiny and mission of woman are to...; Search Snippet: ...April, 1997 Note Equal Benefits, Equal Burdens: Skeptical Scrutiny for Gender Classifications after United States V. Virginia Karen Lazarus Kupetz [Fna... 1997    
Amber L. Pearce Faulkner V. Jones: the Constitutionality of the Citadel'ssingle-gender Admissions Policy 31 New England Law Review 523 (Winter 1997) With the exception of the all-male Citadel and the Virginia Military Institute, women have for twenty years been able to attend either a United States military academy or a state military college. They have successfully integrated into the United States Military Academy, the Naval Academy, the Coast Guard Academy, the Merchant Marine Academy, and...; Search Snippet: ...1997 Comment Faulkner V. Jones: the Constitutionality of the Citadel'ssingle- Gender Admissions Policy Amber L. Pearce [Fna] Copyright (C) 1997 New... 1997    
Lucinda M. Finley Female Trouble: the Implications of Tort Reform for Women 64 Tennessee Law Review 847 (Spring, 1997) I. Limitations on Non-Pecuniary Loss Damages: The Worth of a Womb. 850 II. The FDA Defense: Condoning the Tendency to Trivialize Risks to Women's Health. 867 III. Conclusion. 879 Tort reform, particularly in products liability actions, has been on the federal legislative burner for over a decade. Its latest incarnation, the Common Sense Product...; Search Snippet: ...Rev. 847 1997 Wl 432007 Tennessee Law Review Spring, 1997 Female Trouble: the Implications of Tort Reform for Women Lucinda M. Finley [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1997 by the Tennessee... 1997   Yes
Esther Vicente Feminist Legal Theories: My Own View from a Window in the Caribbean 66 Revista Juridica Universidad de Puerto Rico 211 (1997) This article is a reflection on the interconnections among law, feminist politics and feminist theory, and an analysis of the different feminist perspectives concerning the role of law in the process of changing women's situation in society. I will present the different perspectives elaborated by feminist legal theorists, as well as the critiques...; Search Snippet: ...De Puerto Rico Revista Juridica Universidad De Puerto Rico 1997 Feminist Legal Theories: My Own View from a Window in The... 1997    
  Final Report & Recommendations of the Eighth Circuit Gender Fairness Task Force 31 Creighton Law Review Rev. 9 (December, 1997) In the Summer of 1993 the Judicial Council of the Eighth Circuit passed a resolution calling for the establishment of a task force to study and report on the role of gender as it affects the lawyers, litigants, judges, employees, and others who participate in the courts of the Eighth Circuit. The task has been formidable--the data are complex and...; Search Snippet: ...Fairness Task Force Final Report & Recommendations of the Eighth Circuit Gender Fairness Task Force September, 1997 Copyright (C) 1997 Creighton University... 1997    
Denise C. Morgan Finding a Constitutionally Permissble Path to Sex Equality: the Young Women's Leadership School of East Harlem 14 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 95 (Symposium, 1997) I feel obliged to open this piece with a small confession. If it were possible for me to step back in time to 1982, to meet myself at the age of seventeen, and to tell my seventeen-year-old self that she would grow up to be something of a champion for single-sex educationshe would probably have fits. That is because in late January 1982, I was...; Search Snippet: ...Finding a Constitutionally Permissble Path to Sex Equality: the Young Women's Leadership School of East Harlem Denise C. Morgan [Fna1] Copyright... 1997   Yes
Ryan Goodman Gender Blindness and the Hunter Doctrine 107 Yale Law Journal 261 (October, 1997) As a factual matter, the recent reinstatement of the California Civil Rights Initiative (CCRI) withdrew many opportunities for racial minorities and women in important public sectors. As a legal matter, the Ninth Circuit decision that justified this result--Coalition for Economic Equity v. Wilson (CEE) --rests on questionable grounds. The court...; Search Snippet: ...Yale Law Journal Yale Law Journal October, 1997 Case Note Gender Blindness and the Hunter Doctrine Coalition for Economic Equity V... 1997    
Kathleen Daly, Michael Tonry Gender, Race, and Sentencing 22 Crime and Justice 201 (1997) Race and gender pose empirical and policy problems that are both similar and different for the U.S. criminal justice system. They are similar in that blacks and women occupy subordinate social and economic positions in American life, and their interests are less likely to be represented in the justice system than are those of white men. They are...; Search Snippet: ...1997 Wl 33806586 Crime and Justice Crime and Justice 1997 Gender, Race, and Sentencing Kathleen Daly Michael Tonry [Fna1] Copyright © 1997... 1997 African/Black American  
Valorie K. Vojdik Girls' Schools after Vmi: Do They Make the Grade? 4 Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy 69 (Spring, 1997) Forty years after the United States Supreme Court held in Brown v. Board of Education that racially segregated schools violate the Equal Protection Clause, the Supreme Court in United States v. Virginia held that Virginia failed to justify the exclusion of qualified women from the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), a prestigious college with a...; Search Snippet: ...1997 Gender & the Higher Education Classroom: Maximizing the Learning Environment Girls' Schools after Vmi: Do They Make the Grade? Valorie K... 1997   Yes
Barbara Stark Guys and Dolls: Remedial Nurturing Skills in Post-divorce Practice, Feminist Theory, and Family Law Doctrine 26 Hofstra Law Review 293 (Winter 1997) Introduction. 295 I. Guys and Dolls--The Story of the Unitary Family. 299 A. Practice. 299 B. Theory. 301 C. Doctrine. 306 II. How This Story Fails Post-Divorce Families. 309 III. Changing Roles and Post-Divorce Families: Remedial Nurturing Skills. 315 A. Practice. 319 1. Empathy. 319 a. Recognizing a Child's Feelings. 319 b. Engaging Cooperation....; Search Snippet: ...Guys and Dolls: Remedial Nurturing Skills in Post-divorce Practice, Feminist Theory, and Family Law Doctrine Barbara Stark [Fna1] Copyright ©... 1997    
Katherine M. Franke Homosexuals, Torts, and Dangerous Things 106 Yale Law Journal 2661 (June, 1997) Negligent, intentional, and strict liability torts. From a canonical standpoint, whatever else one might teach, it is not a first-year torts course if these three concepts are not covered. Torts has a canon, even a Restatement. Yet a canon evolves only after some criteria of value has been established such that privileged texts can be identified...; Search Snippet: ...Co., 2d Ed. 1997. Pp. Xlv, 922. $54.00. Sexuality, Gender, and the Law. By William N. Eeskridge Jr. [Fnaa] And... 1997    
Nancy Press, Ph.D. , Wylie Burke, M.D., Ph.D. , Sharon Durfy, Ph.D. How Are Jewish Women Different from All Other Women? 7 Health Matrix: Journal of Law-Medicine 135 (Winter, 1997) IN 1994, WHEN THE FIRST GENE was found whose mutations predispose some women to breast and ovarian cancer, researchers stressed that mutations in this BRCA1 gene probably accounted for no more than five percent of all breast cancers and that these were cancers in women from very high-risk families. Yet, the idea of population-based testing is...; Search Snippet: ...Breast Cancer Gene in the Jewish Population How Are Jewish Women Different from All Other Women? Anthropological Perspectives on Genetic Susceptibility Testing for Breast Cancer Nancy... 1997   Yes
Justice Robert L. Brown, Sheila Campbell How the Public Views Female and Black Attorneys 32-FALL Arkansas Lawyer 22 (Fall, 1997) About two years ago, Sheila Campbell and I met as co-chairs of the Committee on Opportunities for Women and Minorities to discuss projects for the year. It was Sheila's idea to conduct a public opinion poll on how women and African-American attorneys are viewed by the public at large. Does bias exist? If so, what form does it take? And who are most...; Search Snippet: ...Lawyer Arkansas Lawyer Fall, 1997 Feature How the Public Views Female and Black Attorneys Justice Robert L. Brown Sheila Campbell Copyright... 1997 African/Black American Yes
Jenny E. Carroll Images of Women and Capital Sentencing among Female Offenders: Exploring the Outer Limits of the Eighth Amendment and Articulated Theories of Justice 75 Texas Law Review 1413 (May, 1997) [I]f I needed a cause, there were plenty of far more deserving people out there to feel sorry for. And even within our concern for imprisoned women, why focus on capital punishment when death row is roughly as open to women as the United States Senate? In 1972, the United States Supreme Court declared the death penalty unconstitutional in its...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review Texas Law Review May, 1997 Note Images of Women and Capital Sentencing among Female Offenders: Exploring the Outer Limits of the Eighth Amendment And... 1997   Yes
Bina Kalola Immigration Laws and the Immigrant Woman: 1885-1924 11 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 553 (Spring, 1997) The intent of our immigration laws is not to restrict immigration, but to sift it, to separate the desirable from the undesirable immigrants, and to permit only those to land on our shores who have certain physical and moral qualities. Late nineteenth and early twentieth century immigration laws of the United States began as a selection process and...; Search Snippet: ...Law Journal Spring, 1997 Note Immigration Laws and the Immigrant Woman: 1885-1924 Bina Kalola Copyright (C) 1997 by the Georgetown... 1997   Yes
Katherine Chen Including Gender in Bias Crime Statutes: Feminist and Evolutionary Perspectives 3 William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law 277 (Spring, 1997) In December, 1989, Marc Lepine walked into an engineering class at the University of Montreal, armed with a rifle. He divided the class into two groups, shouting, I want the women. As he shot each woman at point blank range, he shouted, You're all a bunch of feminists. I hate feminists. After he shot fourteen women, all between the ages of...; Search Snippet: ...Journal of Women and the Law Spring, 1997 Note Including Gender in Bias Crime Statutes: Feminist and Evolutionary Perspectives Katherine Chen Copyright (C) 1997 by The... 1997    
Lisa A. Crooms Indivisible Rights and Intersectional Identities Or, "What Do Women's Human Rights Have to Do with the Race Convention?" 40 Howard Law Journal 619 (Spring 1997) Because I am black Because I am woman Because I am short Because I am young Because I am African I am Human. On December 21, 1965, the United Nations (U.N.) General Assembly unanimously adopted the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD). The treaty was entered into force on January 4, 1969. Although...; Search Snippet: ...Discrimination (Cerd) Indivisible Rights and Intersectional Identities Or, What Do Women's Human Rights Have to Do with the Race Convention? Lisa... 1997 African/Black American Yes
Kathryn A. Lee Intermediate Review 'With Teeth' in Gender Discrimination Cases: the New Standard in United States V. Virginia 7 Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review 221 (Fall 1997) The U.S. Supreme Court held in United States v. Virginia that the all-male admissions policy at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court also ruled that the alternative program for women that VMI had established at Mary Baldwin College did not remedy the violation. The ruling...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review Fall 1997 Note Intermediate Review with Teeth in Gender Discrimination Cases: the New Standard in United States V. Virginia... 1997    
Laura M. Padilla Intersectionality and Positionality: Situating Women of Color in the Affirmative Action Dialogue 66 Fordham Law Review 843 (December, 1997) C1-3Table of Contents Introduction. 844 I. Affirmative Action Backlash or Debunking The Myths. 853 A.Myth: Women of Color Double-Dip From Affirmative Action. 854 B.Myth: Affirmative Action Disregards Merit'. 862 C.Myth: Affirmative Action is Justified Only Under a Perpetrator-Victim Model. 869 D.Myth: Affirmative Action Beneficiaries are...; Search Snippet: ...Review Fordham Law Review December, 1997 Intersectionality and Positionality: Situating Women of Color in the Affirmative Action Dialogue Laura M. Padilla... 1997   Yes
Linda G. Mills Intuition and Insight: a New Job Description for the Battered Woman's Prosecutor and Other More Modest Proposals 7 UCLA Women's Law Journal 183 (Spring-Summer 1997) The relation between two persons, which was, so to speak, co-natural to the feminine, becomes a process that has to be re-conquered. Woman has to seek out the values of exchange and communication, as does man, but for different reasons. He has to overcome the priority he gives to the accumulation, possession, or at best the exchange of objects,...; Search Snippet: ...Intuition and Insight: a New Job Description for the Battered Woman's Prosecutor and Other More Modest Proposals Linda G. Mills [Fna... 1997   Yes
Deborah S. Hellman Is Actuarially Fair Insurance Pricing Actually Fair?: a Case Study in Insuring Battered Women 32 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 355 (Summer, 1997) It is important to note that statutes regulating the business of insurance are not meant to prevent all discrimination, but only unfair discrimination. In 1995, the public, the bar, and the legislators of several states began to respond to a 1988 survey of insurers that indicated that internal policy guidelines of approximately half of the nation's...; Search Snippet: ...Insurance Pricing Actually Fair?: a Case Study in Insuring Battered Women Deborah S. Hellman [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1997 by the President... 1997   Yes
Leslie G. Espinoza Legal Narratives, Therapeutic Narratives: the Invisibility and Omnipresence of Race and Gender 95 Michigan Law Review 901 (February, 1997) My first introduction to Denise Gray was through a form. The intake sheet was dated October 17, 1994. The legal problem was straightforward: Divorce. Married 7 years. Has lived with H [husband] on and off for 15 years. Two children from H born out of wedlock. Clt [client] married in Belmont, MA. Clt has children. H has not been living at home since...; Search Snippet: ...Narratives, Therapeutic Narratives: the Invisibility and Omnipresence of Race and Gender Leslie G. Espinoza [Fna] Copyright (C) 1997 Michigan Law Review... 1997    
Hope Lewis Lionheart Gals Facing the Dragon: the Human Rights of Inter/national Black Women in the United States 76 Oregon Law Review 567 (Fall 1997) [T]o survive in the mouth of this dragon we call America, we have had to learn this first and most vital lesson--that we were never meant to survive. --Audre Lorde By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down, yea, we wept, when we remembered Zion . . . . For there they that carried us away captive required of us a song . . . . How shall we sing the...; Search Snippet: ...Facing the Dragon: the Human Rights of Inter/national Black Women in the United States Hope Lewis [Fnaa1] Copyright (C) 1997... 1997 African/Black American Yes
Barbara Fedders Lobbying for Mandatory-arrest Policies: Race, Class, and the Politics of the Battered Women's Movement 23 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 281 (1997) During my three years as a volunteer with a community-based organization for battered women, we tried, through education and grass-roots organizing, to convince police departments to implement policies that would lead to more arrests of men who perpetrate domestic violence. We believed that the problem of violence between intimate partners...; Search Snippet: ...Arrest Policies: Race, Class, and the Politics of the Battered Women's Movement Barbara Fedders Copyright (C) 1997 New York University Review... 1997   Yes
Angela Mae Kupenda Making Traditional Courses More Inclusive: Confessions of an African American Female Professor Who Attempted to Crash All the Barriers at Once 31 University of San Francisco Law Review 975 (Summer 1997) WE MUST DISMANTLE all barriers at once! No, go slow! These were two of the opposing cries heard during the civil rights movement. Some thought the only way to eliminate exclusiveness, based on race and gender, was to dismantle all the barriers all at once. Others thought the costs of such change too great and urged for caution and patience....; Search Snippet: ...1997 Essay Making Traditional Courses More Inclusive: Confessions of an African American Female Professor Who Attempted to Crash All the Barriers at Once... 1997 African/Black American Yes
Aviva Orenstein My God!: a Feminist Critique of the Excited Utterance Exception to the Hearsay Rule 85 California Law Review 159 (January, 1997) C1-3Table of Contents Introduction. 162 I. The Traditional Definition and Defense of the Hearsay Rule. 165 II. The Excited Utterance Exception: Nervous Agitation as a Guaranty of Spontaneity, Sincerity, and Reliability. 168 A. A History of the Doctrine. 168 B. The Current Doctrine. 173 C. The Psychological Critique of the Excited Utterance...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review California Law Review January, 1997 My God!: a Feminist Critique of the Excited Utterance Exception to the Hearsay Rule... 1997    
Jewel Amoah Narrative: the Road to Black Feminist Theory 12 Berkeley Women's Law Journal 84 (1997) Black feminist thought cannot challenge race, gender, and class oppression without empowering African-American women. Oppressed people resist by identifying themselves as subjects, by defining their reality, shaping their new identity, naming their history, telling their story. The practice of storytelling or Narrative is deeply rooted in African...; Search Snippet: ...Berkeley Women's Law Journal 1997 Narrative: the Road to Black Feminist Theory Jewel Amoah [Fnd] Copyright (C) 1997 Berkeley Women's Law Journal; Jewel Amoah Introduction Black Feminist Thought Cannot Challenge Race, Gender, and Class Oppression Without Empowering African- American Women. Oppressed People Resist by 1997 African/Black American  
Regina Austin Nest Eggs and Stormy Weather: Law, Culture, and Black Women's Lack of Wealth 65 University of Cincinnati Law Review 767 (Spring 1997) Nest' egg', money saved and held in reserve for emergencies, retirement, etc. Wise men say Keep something til a rainy day. Don't know why there's no sun up in the sky, Stormy weather, since my man and I ain't together, keeps rainin' all the time. Nest eggs are supposed to provide protection against a rainy day, but suppose it rains all the time? I...; Search Snippet: ...Lecture Nest Eggs and Stormy Weather: Law, Culture, and Black Women's Lack of Wealth Regina Austin [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1997 University... 1997 African/Black American Yes
Heather R. Skinazi Not Just a "Conjured Afterthought" : Using Duress as a Defense for Battered Women Who "Fail to Protect" 85 California Law Review 993 (July, 1997) When the state charges a battered woman with failing to protect her child, attorneys seldom raise a duress defense and when they do, courts often express reluctance to accept such a defense in this context. In fact, a battered woman who is charged with killing her abuser and argues self-defense, possesses a better chance of exoneration than a...; Search Snippet: ...Conjured Afterthought [Fnd1] : Using Duress as a Defense for Battered Women Who Fail to Protect Heather R. Skinazi [Fnr1] Copyright ©... 1997   Yes
Nancy L. Farrer Of Ivory Columns and Glass Ceilings: the Impact of the Supreme Court of the United States on the Practice of Women Attorneys in Law Firms 28 Saint Mary's Law Journal 529 (1997) In 1949, India Edwards, executive director of the Women's Division of the Democratic National Committee, buttonholed President Harry Truman and lobbied fiercely for a woman to be appointed to fill at least one of the vacancies on the United States Supreme Court. President Truman seemed amenable to the idea, but when the dust settled, the...; Search Snippet: ...Supreme Court of the United States on the Practice of Women Attorneys in Law Firms Nancy L. Farrer [Fna] Copyright ©... 1997   Yes
Patricia B. Campbell , Ellen Wahl Of Two Minds: Single-sex Education, Coeducation, and the Search for Gender Equity in K-12 Public Schooling 14 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 289 (Symposium, 1997) After decades of coeducation as the norm for K-12 public education in the United States, reports that schools shortchange girls fueled an interest in single-sex education for girls in both single-sex schools and all-girl classes within co-ed schools. This paper presents what is known about the effects of single-sex and coeducation within a...; Search Snippet: ...Two Minds: Single-sex Education, Coeducation, and the Search for Gender Equity in K-12 Public Schooling Patricia B. Campbell [Fna1... 1997    
Darryl C. Wilson Parity Bowl Ix: Barrier Breakers V. Common Sense Makers the Serpentine Struggle for Gender Diversity in Collegiate Athletics 27 Cumberland Law Review 397 (1996-1997) C1-3Table of Contents INTRODUCTION. 398 I. TITLE IX, ATHLETICS AND CIVIL RIGHTS. 401 A. The Female Athlete Through History. 403 1. The Physiology Factor. 404 2. Rules of Society or of a Chosen Few?. 410 3. Economic Justifications. 413 B. The Evolution of Title IX. 415 C. The Incivility of the Civil Rights Analogy in the Athletic Context. 419 II....; Search Snippet: ...Barrier Breakers V. Common Sense Makers the Serpentine Struggle for Gender Diversity in Collegiate Athletics Darryl C. Wilson [Fnaa] Copyright ©... 1997    
Karen M. Morin Political Culture and Suffrage in an Anglo-american Women's West 19 Women's Rights Law Reporter 17 (Fall 1997) The seventy-fifth anniversary of the passage of the Equal Suffrage Amendment to the United States Constitution passed with little fanfare in the summer of 1995. At the site of the first U.S. women's rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York, the August 26th anniversary provided an occasion for a Women's Equality Day celebration in People's Park....; Search Snippet: ...Fall 1997 Political Culture and Suffrage in an Anglo-american Women's West Karen M. Morin Copyright (C) 1997 Women's Rights Law... 1997   Yes
Annette R. Appell Protecting Children or Punishing Mothers: Gender, Race, and Class in the Child Protection System An[essay 48 South Carolina Law Review 577 (Spring 1997) Introduction 578 Part One: The Child Protection System 581 A. The Mechanics of State Intervention 582 B. The Families Involved in the Child Protection System 584 Part Two: Concrete Examples of Bias 587 A. Objective Indicators of Systemic Bias: Violence and Drugs 587 B. Three Case Studies 589 1. Janice 591 2. Sarah 593 3. DeeDee 594 Part Three:...; Search Snippet: ...Carolina Law Review Spring 1997 Protecting Children or Punishing Mothers: Gender, Race, and Class in the Child Protection System An[essay... 1997    
Margaret A. Baldwin Public Women and the Feminist State 20 Harvard Women's Law Journal 47 (Spring, 1997) Let us never cease from thinkingwhat is this civilization in which we find ourselves? What are these ceremonies and why should we take part in them? What does the state care about women? What do women care about the state? This Article takes a long look at both of these questions. I explore the problem posed to feminist political theory by...; Search Snippet: ...Womens Law Journal Harvard Women's Law Journal Spring, 1997 Public Women and the Feminist State Margaret A. Baldwin [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1997 by The... 1997   Yes
Mary Becker Questions Women (And Men) Should Ask When Selecting a Law School 11 Wisconsin Women's Law Journal 417 (Summer 1997) Many people choose a law school without considering its atmosphere or their desired area of study. I chose a law school based on the limited information available in LSAS's Guide to Law Schools. This essay is designed to give a woman law student applicant information about factors worth considering in selecting a law school. Obviously, not every...; Search Snippet: ...Womens Law Journal Wisconsin Women's Law Journal Summer 1997 Questions Women (And Men) Should Ask When Selecting a Law School Mary... 1997   Yes
Dorothy A. Brown Race, Class, and Gender Essentialism in Tax Literature: the Joint Return 54 Washington and Lee Law Review 1469 (Fall 1997) Table of Contents I. Introduction. 1471 II. The Literature's Focus on Married Women as Marginal Wage Earners. 1474 A. Introduction. 1474 B. Employment Experiences of Married Men and Women. 1474 C. The Federal Tax Laws Penalize Married Women Who Are Marginal Wage Earners. 1477 1. The Joint Return Penalizes Married Women in the Paid Labor Force. 1477...; Search Snippet: ...Washington and Lee Law Review Fall 1997 Race, Class, and Gender Essentialism in Tax Literature: the Joint Return Dorothy A. Brown... 1997    
  Report of the Working Committees to the Second Circuit Task Force on Gender, Racial and Ethnic Fairness in the Courts 1997 Annual Survey of American Law 117 (1997) BACKGROUND OF THE TASK FORCE. 124 Section I INTRODUCTION. 126 Section II A SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE SECOND CIRCUIT. 133 A. AN OVERVIEW OF THE SECOND CIRCUIT. 133 1. Facts About the Region: Geography and Population Density. 133 2. Economic Base. 135 3. The Population. 137 B. THE COURTS OF THE SECOND CIRCUIT: WHAT IS THE CASELOAD?. 139...; Search Snippet: ...The Working Committees to the Second Circuit Task Force on Gender, Racial and Ethnic Fairness in the Courts Copyright (C) 1997... 1997    
Jennifer Sinton Rights Discourse and Mandatory Hiv Testing of Pregnant Women and Newborns 6 Journal of Law & Policy 187 (1997) The question of whether pregnant women or their newborn infants should be mandatorily tested for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been publicly debated in state and federal legislatures, public health communities and the media the last few years. The public debate is characterized by proponents of mandatory testing as a fight between...; Search Snippet: ...1997 Note Rights Discourse and Mandatory Hiv Testing of Pregnant Women and Newborns Jennifer Sinton [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1997 Journal Of... 1997   Yes
Christopher W. Deering Same-gender Sexual Harassment: a Need to Re-examine the Legal Underpinnings of Title Vii's Ban on Discrimination "Because Of" Sex 27 Cumberland Law Review 231 (1996-1997) C1-3Table of Contents Introduction. 232 I. Sexual Harassment Under Title VII. 235 A. Background. 235 B. Two Theories of Sexual Harassment Liability Under Title VII. 239 1. The Quid Pro Quo Sexual Harassment Claim. 239 2. The Hostile Work Environment Sexual Harassment Claim. 239 II. Same-Gender Sexual Harassment: Inconsistency Under Title VII. 242...; Search Snippet: ...Cumberland Law Review Cumberland Law Review 1996-1997 Comment Same- Gender Sexual Harassment: a Need to Re-examine the Legal Underpinnings... 1997    
  Sara Mandelbaum 14 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 81 (Symposium, 1997) SARA MANDELBAUM: I'm going to talk today about Title IX and the Equal Protection Clause of the Constitution. Before I do so, I feel obliged to set forth some of the factual premises on which I operate when I approach this issue. One is that coeducation needs a lot of work to make it both responsive to the needs of female students and a less hostile...; Search Snippet: .... Sara Mandelbaum Is a Senior Staff Attorney with the Women's Rights Project of the American Civil Liberties Union. Mandelbaum Received... 1997    
Eric Miller Signifyin' Nothing?: Conversations on Race, Color, and Community 13 Harvard Blackletter Law Journal 241 (Spring, 1997) Judy Scales-Trent's book, Notes of a White Black Woman: Race, Color, Community, provides a sensitive, engaging and sophisticated contribution to the discussion of color in American society. Written in the narrative style, Scales-Trent's lucid prose, at times joyous and celebratory, at times distinctly frustrated, invites the reader to experience...; Search Snippet: ...On Race, Color, and Community Notes of a White Black Woman: Race, Color, Community by Judy Scales-trent. University Park, Pa... 1997 African/Black American  
Carrie Corcoran Single-sex Education after Vmi: Equal Protection and East Harlem's Young Women's Leadership School 145 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 987 (April, 1997) At the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), brutal hazing by older students and an utter lack of personal privacy greet new students. In contrast, at the Young Women's Leadership School, located in East Harlem, New York, teachers bestow upon their students 'unconditional love' and students learn in an elite private school atmosphere, replete with...; Search Snippet: ...Sex Education after Vmi: Equal Protection and East Harlem's Young Women's Leadership School Carrie Corcoran [Fnd] Copyright (C) 1997 University Of... 1997   Yes
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