| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | Gender in Title or Summary | Ethnicity in Title |
| Kitt Janco Foster |
J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: Gender-based Peremptory Challenges |
1995 Detroit College of Law Review 819 (Summer, 1995) |
J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel. T.B. addresses the issue of gender discrimination in the jury selection process by use of peremptory challenges. Though the United States Supreme Court had previously decided in Batson v. Kentucky that the use of peremptory challenges, to eliminate people from the jury based solely on race, was in violation of the Equal...; Search Snippet: ...Review Summer, 1995 Casenote J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: Gender-based Peremptory Challenges Kitt Janco Foster Copyright (C) 1995 By... |
1995 |
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| Stacey L. Wichterman |
J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: Gender-based Peremptory Challenges on Trial |
16 Northern Illinois University Law Review 209 (Fall, 1995) |
Why do we love this trial by jury? Because it prevents the hand of oppression from cutting you off. The American public is captivated by every aspect of jury trials, from their initial stages to the verdict and sentencing, and all phases in-between. So fascinated are we with the American way of justice, that a cable-access television network...; Search Snippet: ...Review Fall, 1995 Casenote J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: Gender-based Peremptory Challenges on Trial Stacey L. Wichterman Copyright ©... |
1995 |
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| Edmund L. Quatmann, Jr. |
J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b.: the Extension of the Equal Protection Clause to Gender-based Peremptory Challenges -- Is this the End? |
39 Saint Louis University Law Journal 1349 (Summer 1995) |
I don't like women jurors because I can't trust them. A woman is inclined to forgive sin in the opposite sex; but definitely not her own . . . . I would want very few women. . . . Women are more punitive than men by a score of about five to one. [W]omen tend more than men to base their verdicts on the physical appearance of a defendant. THE...; Search Snippet: ...T.b.: [Fna] the Extension of the Equal Protection Clause to Gender-based Peremptory Challenges -- Is this the End? Edmund L. Quatmann... |
1995 |
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| Robert Nelson |
Law, Markets, and Gender Inequality in Pay |
10 Berkeley Women's Law Journal 61 (1995) |
In 1983, Judge Tanner of the Federal District Court of Western Washington handed the pay equity movement its largest legal victory. In American Federation of State, County, & Municipal Employees v. Washington, the court found that the State of Washington had discriminated against workers in predominantly female jobs and awarded the plaintiffs a...; Search Snippet: ...Women's Law Journal 1995 Symposium Panel Discussion Law, Markets, and Gender Inequality in Pay Robert Nelson [Fnd] Copyright (C) 1995 Berkeley... |
1995 |
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| Lewis A. Kornhauser , Richard L. Revesz |
Legal Education and Entry into the Legal Profession: the Role of Race, Gender, and Educational Debt |
70 New York University Law Review 829 (October, 1995) |
Debt burden is routinely cited as the major force driving law school graduates to choose private practice over careers in government or other public-interest settings. In an effort to counter that force and level the playing field with regard to career choice, many law schools have developed loan repayment assistance programs. In this Article,...; Search Snippet: ...And Entry into the Legal Profession: the Role of Race, Gender, and Educational Debt Lewis A. Kornhauser [Fna] Richard L. Revesz... |
1995 |
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| Celia M. Ruiz, J.D. |
Legal Standards Regarding Gender Equity and Affirmative Action |
100 West's Education Law Reporter 841 (August, 1995) |
Public educational institutions and entities have an affirmative duty under federal law to eliminate the pernicious vestiges of racial and sexual discrimination in every aspect of their programs, including the area of employment. This duty stems from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and from decisions of the United States Supreme Court....; Search Snippet: ...West's Education Law Reporter August, 1995 Commentary Legal Standards Regarding Gender Equity and Affirmative Action [Fna] Celia M. Ruiz , J.d. [Fnaa... |
1995 |
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| Abby Brandel |
Legislating Surrogacy: a Partial Answer to Feminist Criticism |
54 Maryland Law Review 488 (1995) |
Although surrogate motherhood has been practiced in some form since Biblical times, it was not until the landmark Baby M case that modern surrogacy captured public attention and became the subject of widespread debate. The intense media scrutiny of such cases, increased demand for surrogacy, and ever-improving technology have forced us to rethink...; Search Snippet: ...Law and Health Care Legislating Surrogacy: a Partial Answer to Feminist Criticism Abby Brandel Copyright (C) 1995 Maryland Law Review, Inc... |
1995 |
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| Mairi N. Morrison |
May it Please Whose Court?: How Moot Court Perpetuates Gender Bias in the "Real World" of Practice |
6 UCLA Women's Law Journal 49 (Fall 1995) |
The spring ritual of Moot Court, in which first-year law students write and argue an appellate brief to a panel of judges consisting of both academics and practitioners, has a profound impact on each student's developing impression of what it means to be a lawyer. Moot Court disadvantages law students, particularly women students, in replication of...; Search Snippet: ...1995 May it Please Whose Court?: How Moot Court Perpetuates Gender Bias in the Real World of Practice Mairi N. Morrison... |
1995 |
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| George P. Choundas |
Neither Equal Nor Protected: the Invisible Law of Equal Protection, the Legal Invisibility of its Gender-based Victims |
44 Emory Law Journal 1069 (Summer, 1995) |
We disagree with the trial court's assessment [that ORS 106.155 is unconstitutional in that it denies equal protection of laws in that it gives greater protection to a victim who is assaulted because of his race, color, religion, or national origin than to another person who is assaulted for some other reason.] The statute does not offer more...; Search Snippet: ...Invisible Law of Equal Protection, the Legal Invisibility of its Gender-based Victims George P. Choundas [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1995 By... |
1995 |
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| Catharine A. MacKinnon |
Pornography Left and Right |
30 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 143 (Winter, 1995) |
In a telling convergence between left and right, Rush Limbaugh, a conservative commentator, recently said that I say all sex is rape, repeating a lie that Playboy, a glossy men's sex magazine with liberal politics and literary pretensions, has been pushing for years. This is a lie, rather than a mistake, on the assumption that they both read my...; Search Snippet: ...Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992) and Edward De Grazia, Girls Lean Back Everywhere: the Law of Obscenity and the Assault... |
1995 |
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| Kevin R. Johnson |
Public Benefits and Immigration: the Intersection of Immigration Status, Ethnicity, Gender, and Class |
42 UCLA Law Review 1509 (8/1/1995) |
Introduction. 1510 I. Menaces to Society: Public Charges, Welfare Mothers, and Criminal Aliens'. 1519 A. Immigrants and Public Benefits: A History of Fear. 1519 B. The Ineligibility of Undocumented Persons for Most Major Federal Public Assistance Programs. 1528 C. Outlaw Aliens': Benefit Recipients and Criminals. 1531 D. Immigration Benefit...; Search Snippet: ...Public Benefits and Immigration: the Intersection of Immigration Status, Ethnicity, Gender, and Class Kevin R. Johnson [Fna] Copyright (C) 1995 Regents... |
1995 |
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| Walteen Grady Truely , Martha F. Davis |
Public Education Programs for African-american Males: a Gender Equity Perspective |
21 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 725 (1994-1995) |
Introduction I. Education Proposals Addressing the Crisis of African-American Males. 728 A. The Range of Proposals. 729 1. System-Wide Education Restructuring. 729 2. African-American Male Advocates. 730 3. Single-Sex Schools. 730 B. Research on Single-Sex and Single-Race Schooling. 731 II. Women's Educational Equity Concerns. 732 A. The Nature of...; Search Snippet: ...A Colloquium on Public Education Reform Public Education Programs for African- American Males: a Gender Equity Perspective Walteen Grady Truely [Fna] Martha F. Davis [Fnaa... |
1995 |
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African/Black American |
| Francisco Valdes |
Queers, Sissies, Dykes, and Tomboys: Deconstructing the Conflation of "Sex," "Gender," and "Sexual Orientation" in Euro-american Law and Society |
83 California Law Review 1 (1/1/1995) |
Foreword Notes on The Conflation'. 11 I. The Conflation as Triangle. 12 II. The Conflation, Language & Common (Mis)Understandings. 20 III. The Conflation & the Law. 23 IV. The Conflation, This Project & Legal Theory. 28 Chapter One Modern Culture: Codification & Internalization. 36 I. The Conflation of Sex, Gender & Sexual Orientation. 36 II....; Search Snippet: ...Queers, Sissies, Dykes, and Tomboys: Deconstructing the Conflation of Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation in Euro-american Law and Society Francisco... |
1995 |
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| Michael E. Solimine , Susan E. Wheatley |
Rethinking Feminist Judging |
70 Indiana Law Journal 891 (Summer, 1995) |
For nearly two centuries no woman served on the United States Supreme Court and very few served on either the lower federal courts or state courts. Today, Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg are members of the U.S. Supreme Court, and burgeoning numbers of female judges have joined them on other federal and state courts. Contributing to this...; Search Snippet: ...370235 Indiana Law Journal Indiana Law Journal Summer, 1995 Rethinking Feminist Judging Michael E. Solimine [Fna1] Susan E. Wheatley [Fnaa1] Copyright... |
1995 |
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American Indian/Alaskan Native |
| Maria L. Ontiveros |
Rosa Lopez, David Letterman, Christopher Darden, and Me: Issues of Gender, Ethnicity, and Class in Evaluating Witness Credibility |
6 Hastings Women's Law Journal 135 (Summer 1995) |
When California's heavy rains of 1994-95 washed out the only direct road between my home and my office, my commute escalated to three hours a day. Driving alone in the closed cocoon of my car, listening to the O.J. Simpson trial on the radio, much about the trial struck me as intensely personal. As a lawyer, I was naturally interested in the trial...; Search Snippet: ...Rosa Lopez, David Letterman, Christopher Darden, and Me: Issues of Gender, Ethnicity, and Class in Evaluating Witness Credibility Maria L. Ontiveros... |
1995 |
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| Kingsley R. Browne |
Sex and Temperament in Modern Society: a Darwinian View of the Glass Ceiling and the Gender Gap |
37 Arizona Law Review 971 (1995) |
I. Introduction. 973 II. Sex Differences and Evolutionary Theory. 985 A. Natural Selection and Evolutionary Psychology. 985 B. Evolution of Temperamental Sex Differences. 990 C. Evidence of Differential Reproductive Strategies in Our Evolutionary Past. 1000 D. Evidence for the Continued Existence of the Evolved Psychological Mechanism. 1006 III....; Search Snippet: ...Society: a Darwinian View of the Glass Ceiling and the Gender Gap Kingsley R. Browne [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1995 by The... |
1995 |
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| Margaret McIntyre |
Sex Panic or False Alarm? The Latest Round in the Feminist Debate over Pornography |
6 UCLA Women's Law Journal 189 (Fall 1995) |
For nearly two decades, feminists have debated whether pornography causes harm to women and what, if anything, should be done about it. Although the word pornography ostensibly refers to a relatively narrow class of sexually explicit material, the debate is more fundamentally about how to eliminate the social practice of defining women solely in...; Search Snippet: ...Sex Panic or False Alarm? The Latest Round in the Feminist Debate over Pornography a Review Essay on Catharine A. Mackinnon's... |
1995 |
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| Kathryn Abrams |
Sex Wars Redux: Agency and Coercion in Feminist Legal Theory |
95 Columbia Law Review 304 (March, 1995) |
What consequences flow from characterizing women as pervasively constructed by male aggression? Over the past decade, dominance feminism has become the ascendant feminist legal theory, shaping the socially transformative legal claim for sexual harassment and helping women see the systematic oppression cloaked and perpetuated under the guise of...; Search Snippet: ...Review March, 1995 Sex Wars Redux: Agency and Coercion in Feminist Legal Theory Kathryn Abrams [Fna] Copyright (C) 1995 Directors Of... |
1995 |
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| Elaine Golin |
Solving the Problem of Gender and Racial Bias in Administrative Adjudication |
95 Columbia Law Review 1532 (10/1/1995) |
Administrative Law Judges (ALJs) preside over hundreds of thousands of adjudications every year and their decisions affect the lives of millions of Americans. As the decisionmakers in the on-the-record hearings of federal administrative agencies, ALJs play an important role in overseeing the enforcement of federal law and the distribution of...; Search Snippet: ...Columbia Law Review October 1995 Note Solving the Problem of Gender and Racial Bias in Administrative Adjudication Elaine Golin Copyright ©... |
1995 |
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| Isabelle R. Gunning |
Stories from Home: Tales from the Intersection of Race, Gender and Sexual Orientation |
5 Southern California Review of Law and Women's Studies 143 (Fall 1995) |
I am very pleased to be a part of this Conference, and especially to be part of a panel that explicitly marks the fact that talking about being a lesbian -- like talking about being a woman -- must be about intersectionality. Most of you are already familiar with the recent debates within feminist thought and jurisprudence concerning gender...; Search Snippet: ...Article Stories from Home: Tales from the Intersection of Race, Gender and Sexual Orientation Isabelle R. Gunning [Fna] Copyright (C) 1995... |
1995 |
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| Trlica Cosby |
Strictly Speaking: Viewing J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b. as Sub Silentio Application of Strict Scrutiny to Gender-based Classifications |
32 Houston Law Review 869 (Fall 1995) |
I. Introduction. 869 II. Recitation. 872 III. Analysis. 877 A. Background: Method and Procedure of Jury Selection. 877 B. The Development of a Standard of Review for Gender Classifications. 879 C. Laying a Foundation for Strict Scrutiny. 884 D. Reconciling Taylor v. Louisiana with the J.E.B. Decision. 888 IV. Future Effects on Peremptory...; Search Snippet: ...Rel. T.b. as Sub Silentio Application of Strict Scrutiny to Gender-based Classifications [Fna1] Trlica Cosby Copyright (C) 1995 Houston Law... |
1995 |
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| Peter Michael Collins |
Taking Batson One Giant Step Further: the Court Prohibits Gender-based Peremptory Challenges in J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b. |
44 Catholic University Law Review 935 (Spring 1995) |
The United States Constitution grants to every criminal defendant accused of serious crimes the right to a jury trial, and preserves for every civil litigant the right to a jury trial where it existed at common law. The jury selection process is a complex mechanism designed to ensure that those selected will be fair and impartial decision-makers....; Search Snippet: ...Note Taking Batson One Giant Step Further: the Court Prohibits Gender-based Peremptory Challenges in J.e.b. V. Alabama ex Rel. T.b... |
1995 |
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| Martha I. Morgan |
The Bitter and the Sweet: Feminist Efforts to Reform Nicaraguan Rape and Sodomy Laws |
26 University of Miami Inter-American Law Review 439 (Spring/Summer, 1995) |
I. Introduction. 440 II. The Road to Reform. 444 III. Of Reform: Changes Regarding Rape and Related Sexual Offenses. 449 IV. Of Repression: Changes Regarding Sodomy. 459 V. Transformative Uses of Law. 472 A. Legislative Reform as a Tool for Social Change. 472 B. Litigation as a Tool for Social Change. 480 VI. Conclusion. 488; Search Snippet: ...Law Review Spring/summer, 1995 the Bitter and the Sweet: Feminist Efforts to Reform Nicaraguan Rape and Sodomy Laws Martha I... |
1995 |
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| Katherine M. Franke |
The Central Mistake of Sex Discrimination Law:the Disaggregation of Sex from Gender |
144 University of Pennsylvania Law Review Rev. 1 (November, 1995) |
Contemporary sex discrimination jurisprudence accepts as one of its foundational premises the notion that sex and gender are two distinct aspects of human identity. That is, it assumes that the identities male and female are different from the characteristics masculine and feminine. Sex is regarded as a product of nature, while gender is understood...; Search Snippet: ...Mistake of Sex Discrimination Law:the Disaggregation of Sex from Gender Katherine M. Franke [Fnd] Copyright (C) 1995 University of Pennsylvania... |
1995 |
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| Patricia Hagler Minter |
The Failure of Freedom: Class, Gender, and the Evolution of Segregated Transit Law in the Nineteenth-century South |
70 Chicago-Kent Law Review 993 (1995) |
On August 27, 1881, the Reverend W. H. Gray, a black Baptist minister travelling to Cincinnati from his home in Lexington, Kentucky, purchased roundtrip first-class tickets over the Cincinnati Southern Railway. His wife Silena and their small child accompanied him. Their trip to Cincinnati proved uneventful; on their return, however, the brakeman...; Search Snippet: ...Personal Liberty and Private Law the Failure of Freedom: Class, Gender, and the Evolution of Segregated Transit Law in the Nineteenth... |
1995 |
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African/Black American |
| Stephen J. Schulhofer |
The Feminist Challenge in Criminal Law |
143 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 2151 (6/1/1995) |
Feminist criticism of criminal law and criminal justice administration has proliferated over the past decade and now touches scores of doctrinal, practical, and theoretical issues. These critiques and the associated proposals for reform are usually acknowledged to be controversial (and even radical) by proponents and opponents alike. Yet, across...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review University of Pennsylvania Law Review June 1995 the Feminist Challenge in Criminal Law Stephen J. Schulhofer [Fnd] Copyright ©... |
1995 |
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| Jordan Herman |
The Fusion of Gay Rights and Feminism: Gender Identity and Marriage after Baehr V. Lewin |
56 Ohio State Law Journal 985 (1995) |
Then you should say what you mean, the March Hare went on. I do, Alice hastily replied; at least--at least I mean what I say-- that's the same thing, you know. Looking back on judicial decisions, we are nonplussed. An unexpected opinion becomes explicable after it occurs. And, after it occurs, its significance and meaning change. The opinion...; Search Snippet: ...1995 Case Comment the Fusion of Gay Rights and Feminism: Gender Identity and Marriage after Baehr V. Lewin Jordan Herman Copyright... |
1995 |
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| Sandra Farrington-Domingue |
The Intersection of Race and Gender and its Effects in the Workplace |
5 Southern California Review of Law and Women's Studies 187 (Fall 1995) |
The workplace that I am most familiar with is the city of Los Angeles. I have been an employee of the city for more than twenty years, as a Building Mechanical Inspector and, since July 1993, as a staff member for Councilmember Jackie Goldberg. Presently, the city government is comprised of approximately forty-two departments. Of these forty-two...; Search Snippet: ...Gender and Sexual Oreintation: Comment the Intersection of Race and Gender and its Effects in the Workplace Sandra Farrington-domingue [Fna... |
1995 |
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| John R. Quinn |
The Lost Language of the Irishgaymale: Textualization in Ireland's Law and Literature (Or the Most Hidden Ireland ) |
26 Columbia Human Rights Law Review 553 (Spring 1995) |
Introduction. 555 I. Theoretical Considerations. 566 A. Constructionism v. Essentialism. 566 B. Elaine Showalter's Model of Muted Group Discourse. 579 C. The Gaymale. 584 D. The Irishmale. 593 E. The Irishgaymale. 600 II. The Substantive Textualization of the Irishgaymale: Law. 605 A. The Sodomy and Gross Indecency Statutes. 606 B. The Norris...; Search Snippet: ...Fn340] New Zealand, [Fn341] Mesoamerica, [Fn342] Turkey, [Fn343] among North American Indians, [Fn344] Jamaican, Jewish and Chinese Women, [Fn345] and Pacific Islanders, [Fn346] in Argentina, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Hong Kong, South Africa, Thailand... |
1995 |
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Multiple Groups |
| Anita L. Allen |
The Proposed Equal Protection Fix for Abortion Law: Reflections on Citizenship, Gender, and the Constitution |
18 Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy 419 (Spring, 1995) |
I. Introduction . 419 II. Second-class Citizenship . 424 A. The Consititution on Gender . 424 B. The Meaning of American Citizenship . 426 C. Life Before Privacy and Equality: An Example . 428 D. The Trivialization of Citizenship . 431 E. German Citizenship and Abortion Rights . 433 III. Equal Protection for Equal Citizenship . 435 A. An Equal...; Search Snippet: ...Proposed Equal Protection Fix for Abortion Law: Reflections on Citizenship, Gender, and the Constitution Anita L. Allen [Fna] Copyright (C) 1995... |
1995 |
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| Rosemary C. Salomone |
The Ties That Bind: an Interdisciplinary Analysis of Gender, Ethnicity, and the Practice of Law |
3 Virginia Journal of Social Policy & The Law 177 (Fall, 1995) |
Over the past decade, fueled in part by Carol Gilligan's controversial book, In a Different Voice, both feminists and scholars of color have critically examined the law from the outsiders' perspective. Stretching methodological bounds, this interrelated body of scholarship has utilized narrative form to question the gender and racial implications...; Search Snippet: ...1995 Essay the Ties That Bind: an Interdisciplinary Analysis of Gender, Ethnicity, and the Practice of Law Rosemary C. Salomone [Fn1... |
1995 |
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| Joseph D. Kuborn |
The Unconstitutionality of Gender Based Peremptory Challenges |
78 Marquette Law Review 1069 (Summer, 1995) |
Peremptory challenges by definition permit both the plaintiff and the defendant to strike a limited number of potential jury members without stating a reason. These challenges, which allow the striking party to remain silent on the reasons behind the strike, provide a potential platform for unconstitutional discrimination in the jury selection...; Search Snippet: ...Review Marquette Law Review Summer, 1995 Note the Unconstitutionality of Gender Based Peremptory Challenges the United States Supreme Court's Review Of... |
1995 |
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| Matthew L. Daniel |
Title Ix and Gender Equity in College Athletics: How Honesty Might Avert a Crisis |
1995 Annual Survey of American Law 255 (1995) |
There is a crisis threatening the future of college sports in America. And the unfortunate truth is that this crisis has emerged from the solution to the gender equity problem confronting institutions of higher education. After decades of inequities against women in educational fora, Congress, through the 1972 Educational Amendments (commonly...; Search Snippet: ...Survey of American Law 1995 Title Ix Title Ix and Gender Equity in College Athletics: How Honesty Might Avert a Crisis... |
1995 |
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| Katharine T. Bartlett |
Tradition, Change, and the Idea of Progress in Feminist Legal Thought |
1995 Wisconsin Law Review 303 (1995) |
It often seems to me the progress of feminism is very much like that of psychoanalysis. Roughly speaking, there are two parts to analysis. First comes insight--collecting data on the damage within. Then comes extrication from the personality that has developed in response to the damage. The first part is easy, the second part hell. Insight comes in...; Search Snippet: ...Review 1995 Tradition, Change, and the Idea of Progress in Feminist Legal Thought Katharine T. Bartlett [Fna] Copyright (C) 1995 University... |
1995 |
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| Leslie Pearlman |
Transsexualism as Metaphor: the Collision of Sex and Gender |
43 Buffalo Law Review 835 (Winter 1995) |
[W]e [transsexuals] and the professionals should stress that there are many sexes and genders, and try to change the legal and popular view of sex from a dichotomy to a continuum . . . to have sex reassignment as acceptable as moving from New York to Los Angeles. I've been treated so bad as a drag queen. If I get a pussy, I'll be treated fabulous....; Search Snippet: ...1995 Comment Transsexualism as Metaphor: the Collision of Sex and Gender Leslie Pearlman [Fnd] Copyright (C) 1995 Buffalo Law Review; Leslie... |
1995 |
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| Ruth L. Gana |
Which "Self"? Race and Gender in the Right to Self-determination as a Prerequisite to the Right to Development |
14 Wisconsin International Law Journal 133 (Fall, 1995) |
[The principle of self-determination] has become the peremptory norm of international law, capable of overriding all other international legal norms . The project in this Article is critical, and the object of the critique is the structure and methodology of human rights discourse as it relates to the protection of collective rights. This Article...; Search Snippet: ...Wisconsin International Law Journal Fall, 1995 Which Self? Race and Gender in the Right to Self-determination as a Prerequisite To... |
1995 |
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| Leti Volpp |
(Mis)identifying Culture: Asian Women and the "Cultural Defense" |
17 Harvard Women's Law Journal 57 (Spring, 1994) |
The cultural defense is a legal strategy that defendants use in attempts to excuse criminal behavior or to mitigate culpability based on a lack of requisite mens rea. Defendants may also use cultural defenses to present evidence relating to state of mind when arguing self defense or mistake of fact. The theory underlying the defense is that the...; Search Snippet: ...Journal Harvard Women's Law Journal Spring, 1994 (Mis)identifying Culture: Asian Women and the Cultural Defense Leti Volpp [Fna] Copyright (C) 1994... |
1994 |
Yes |
Asian American |
| Julie Mertus , Pamela Goldberg |
A Perspective on Women and International Human Rights after the Vienna Declaration: the Inside/outside Construct |
26 New York University Journal of International Law & Politics 201 (Winter, 1994) |
For the first time ever, violations of women's human rights were specifically recognized by the United Nations at its World Conference on Human Rights in June 1993. The final Declaration and Vienna Declaration that arose out of the Vienna conference (the Vienna Declaration) specifically recognizes the human rights of women as an inalienable,...; Search Snippet: ...Journal of International Law & Politics Winter, 1994 a Perspective on Women and International Human Rights after the Vienna Declaration: the Inside... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Carole H. Hofstein |
African American Women and the Limits of Law and Society |
1 Cardozo Women's Law Journal 373 (1994) |
Everybody was in the position to give them orders. White women said Do this. White children said Give me that White men said come here. Black men said Lay down. The only people they need not take orders from were black children and each other. In order for people to achieve equality, the laws of this country must recognize that no two...; Search Snippet: ...Cardozo Womens Law Journal Cardozo Women's Law Journal 1994 Note African American Women and the Limits of Law and Society Carole H. Hofstein... |
1994 |
Yes |
African/Black American |
| Vivian Sue Shields , Suzanne Melanie Buchko |
Antoinette Dakin Leach: a Woman Before the Bar |
28 Valparaiso University Law Review 1189 (Summer, 1994) |
One hundred and one years ago, Antoinette Dakin Leach challenged Indiana's constitutional and statutory provisions restricting the practice of law to voters and won for Hoosier women the right to practice law before the courts of Indiana. Mrs. Leach was a lawyer, business person, politician, and activist. Her life spanned the last half of the...; Search Snippet: ...Law Review Summer, 1994 Seegers Lecture Antoinette Dakin Leach: a Woman Before the Bar Vivian Sue Shields [Fna] Suzanne Melanie Buchko... |
1994 |
Yes |
American Indian/Alaskan Native |
| Peter Margulies |
Asylum, Intersectionality, and Aids: Women with Hiv as a Persecuted Social Group |
8 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 521 (Fall, 1994) |
Immigrants with HIV exist at the intersection of blame, pity, and abdication. These intersecting impulses have shaped the United States' HIV-related immigration policy, which excludes people with HIV as having a communicable disease of public health significance, subject to a number of discretionary exceptions. Blame stems from a convergence of...; Search Snippet: ...Georgetown Immigration Law Journal Fall, 1994 Asylum, Intersectionality, and Aids: Women with Hiv as a Persecuted Social Group Peter Margulies [Fna1... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Lani Guinier, Michelle Fine, Jane Balin, Ann Bartow, and Deborah Lee Stachel |
Becoming Gentlemen: Women's Experiences at One Ivy League Law School |
143 University of Pennsylvania Law Review Rev. 1 (November, 1994) |
Am I to be cursed forever with becoming somebody else on the way to myself? -Audre Lorde In this Article we describe preliminary research by and about women law students at the University of Pennsylvania Law School-a typical, if elite, law school stratified deeply along gender lines. Our database draws from students enrolled at the Law School...; Search Snippet: ...Review University of Pennsylvania Law Review November, 1994 Becoming Gentlemen: Women's Experiences at One Ivy League Law School Lani Guinier Michelle... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Marion Crain |
Between Feminism and Unionism: Working Class Women, Sex Equality, and Labor Speech |
82 Georgetown Law Journal 1903 (July, 1994) |
What common ground exists between feminism and labor unionism? Is there an overlap between feminism's sex equality goals and unionism's goal of wealth redistribution to the working class? This article explores the interstices between feminism and unionism, where working class women struggle to survive. Feminism's concern with sex equality has been...; Search Snippet: ...Law Journal July, 1994 Between Feminism and Unionism: Working Class Women, Sex Equality, and Labor Speech Marion Crain [Fna1] Copyright ©... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Kathryn Boockvar |
Beyond Survival: the Procreative Rights of Women with Hiv |
14 Boston College Third World Law Journal L.J. 1 (Winter, 1994) |
Increasingly, women's autonomy over their bodies is being threatened as courts and legislatures play paternalistic roles. Women have been forced to have surgical procedures against their will, often to the detriment of their health. They have been forced into temporary or permanent sterilization, and have been prosecuted for child abuse or neglect...; Search Snippet: ...Law Journal Winter, 1994 Beyond Survival: the Procreative Rights of Women with Hiv Kathryn Boockvar [Fna1] Copyright (C) 1994 by The... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Sherri Snelson Haring |
Bray V. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic: "Rational Objects of Disfavor" as a New Weapon in Modern Civil Rights Litigation |
72 North Carolina Law Review 764 (March, 1994) |
As the debate over the morality of abortion rages on in classrooms, churches, and legislatures throughout the country, women in cities throughout America are under siege. Between 1977 and 1990, the National Abortion Federation (NAF) collected reports of 829 acts of violence directed at abortion clinics: 34 were bombed, 52 were targets of arson, 43...; Search Snippet: ...North Carolina Law Review March, 1994 Note Bray V. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic: Rational Objects of Disfavor as a New Weapon... |
1994 |
Yes |
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Comments by Crystal Mason: Hiv-positive Women in Prison |
9 Berkeley Women's Law Journal 149 (1994) |
I am going to start by explaining why I work with women prisoners with AIDS. When I moved here to San Francisco, I got involved with ACT-UP San Francisco. But even before I joined ACT-UP, I believed that people, especially women, have the right to information and the right to health care. We all deserve the opportunity to live a good life, but this...; Search Snippet: ...1994 Symposium Commentary Comments by Crystal Mason: [Fnd] Hiv-positive Women in Prison Copyright (C) 1994 Berkeley Women's Law Journal I... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Marion Crain |
Confronting the Structural Character of Working Women's Economic Subordination: Collective Action Vs. Individual Rights Strategies |
3-SPG Kansas Journal of Law & Public Policy 26 (Spring, 1994) |
Women constitute a substantial majority of the working poor in the United States. In large part, this condition is attributable to the assumption that women will be provided for through private arrangements with male breadwinners. The U.S. wage labor system is structured around the vision of an ideal worker, a male primary breadwinner with a...; Search Snippet: ...Policy Spring, 1994 Feature Confronting the Structural Character of Working Women's Economic Subordination: Collective Action Vs. Individual Rights Strategies Marion Crain... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Scott Gregory Baker |
Deaf Justice?: Battered Women Unjustly Imprisoned Prior to the Enactment of Evidence Code Section 1107 |
24 Golden Gate University Law Review 99 (Spring 1994) |
Geneva Love's husband was in the military; they lived in a military town. Her husband beat her. Geneva Love was pregnant with their second child. When she tried to leave the abusive relationship her husband confronted her with more violence; she was forced to kill him. The importance of evidence concerning Battered Women's Syndrome was not...; Search Snippet: ...Golden Gate University Law Review Spring 1994 Deaf Justice?: Battered Women Unjustly Imprisoned Prior to the Enactment of Evidence Code Section... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Linda L. Ammons |
Discretionary Justice: a Legal and Policy Analysis of a Governor's Use of the Clemency Power in the Cases of Incarcerated Battered Women |
3 Journal of Law & Policy 1 (1994) |
Introduction. 2 I. The American Epidemic of Domestic Violence. 5 II. The Plight of Battered Women Who Defended Themselves In Ohio: A Case Study. 10 A. Legislative and Gubernatorial Initiatives. 17 III. Clemency 23 A. Courts and the Clemency Power. 27 B. The Need for Clemency. 30 C. The Role of Governor. 33 D. Executive Discretion. 37 E. The Role of...; Search Snippet: ...Of the Clemency Power in the Cases of Incarcerated Battered Women Linda L. Ammons [Fna] Copyright (C) 1994 Journal of Law... |
1994 |
Yes |
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| Kathryn Frueh Patterson |
Discrimination in the Workplace: Are Men and Women Not Entitled to the Same Parental Leave Benefits under Title Vii? |
47 SMU Law Review 425 (January/February, 1994) |
American society has changed significantly in the last decade. Traditional families comprised of a working father and a homemaker mother are no longer commonplace. Increasing numbers of men desire, or are forced, to assume a more active role in the rearing of their children. Consequently, employers and legislatures are beginning to debate and...; Search Snippet: ...February, 1994 Comment Discrimination in the Workplace: Are Men and Women Not Entitled to the Same Parental Leave Benefits under Title... |
1994 |
Yes |
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