AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYear
Joonu-Noel Andrews Coste COVID-19, HEALTH JUSTICE, AND THE PRIVILEGE OF SPACE: A NEW CRITICAL INTERSECTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CREATING A PRESCRIPTION FOR EQUAL WELL-BEING AND APPLIED TO ADDRESSING HEALTH OF CHILDREN RESIDING IN PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTIONS 43 Campbell Law Review 309 (Spring, 2021) When day comes we ask ourselves, / where can we find light in this never-ending shade? / The loss we carry, / a sea we must wade / We've braved the belly of the beast / We've learned that quiet isn't always peace / And the norms and notions / of what just is / Isn't always justice / And yet the dawn is ours / before we knew it / Somehow we do it /... 2021
E. Tendayi Achiume , Devon W. Carbado CRITICAL RACE THEORY MEETS THIRD WORLD APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL LAW 67 UCLA Law Review 1462 (April, 2021) By and large, Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) exist in separate epistemic universes. This Article argues that the borders between these two fields are unwarranted. Specifically, the Article articulates six parallel ways in which CRT and TWAIL have exposed and challenged the racial dimensions of... 2021
Audrey Mallinak CULTURAL COMPETENCY AND THE LAW: REPRODUCTIVE JUSTICE FOR AMERICAN INDIANS 30 Annals of Health Law Advance Directive 179 (Spring, 2021) Reproductive justice combines reproductive rights, social justice, and culturally competent approaches to further the goal of intersectional representation. Culturally competent medical treatment ensures individuals receive the best treatment possible by honoring cultural backgrounds, acknowledging racial and ethnic inequities, and providing... 2021
Justin Desautels-Stein, Akbar Rasulov DEEP CUTS: FOUR CRITIQUES OF LEGAL IDEOLOGY 31 Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 435 (Winter, 2021) This Article begins an effort to rekindle the intellectual tradition of critical legal theory. The context for the project is significant. On the one hand is the grip of a social crisis, the contours of which continue to confound the commentariat. Racism, xenophobia, gendered violence, migration and nation, climate change, health pandemics,... 2021
Bijal Shah DEPLOYING THE INTERNAL SEPARATION OF POWERS AGAINST RACIAL TYRANNY 116 Northwestern University Law Review Online 244 (10/29/2021) The separation of powers in the federal government exists to ensure a lack of tyranny in the United States. This Essay grounds the separation of powers in tyranny perpetuated by racialized hierarchy, violence, and injustice. Recognizing the primacy of racial tyranny also reveals a would-be tyrant: the President. Engaging the branches of... 2021
Catherine Siyue Chen, Fernando P. Cosio, Deja Ostrowski, Dina Shek DEVELOPING A PEDAGOGY OF COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIP AMIDST COVID-19: MEDICAL-LEGAL PARTNERSHIP FOR CHILDREN IN HAWAI'I 28 Clinical Law Review 107 (Fall, 2021) The Medical-Legal Partnership for Children in Hawai'i (MLPC) has partnered with low-income families in community health and public housing settings for over a decade to provide direct legal services and engage in systemic advocacy. The MLPC model of legal services is rooted in our pedagogy of community partnership that seeks to confront the... 2021
George A. Acosta DEVOLVING STANDARDS OF DECENCY: HOW EIGHTH AMENDMENT JURISPRUDENCE FAILS TRANSGENDER INMATES SEEKING NECESSARY MEDICAL CARE 36 Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender & Society 59 (Spring, 2021) The Supreme Court of the United States has long held that denying necessary medical care to prison inmates may constitute cruel and unusual punishment within the meaning of the Eighth Amendment. Transgender inmates suffering from gender dysphoria often do not receive essential medical care, particularly the crucial treatments of hormone therapy and... 2021
Katherine A. Macfarlane DISABILITY WITHOUT DOCUMENTATION 90 Fordham Law Review 59 (October, 2021) Disability exists regardless of whether a doctor has confirmed its existence. Yet in the American workplace, employees are not disabled, or entitled to reasonable accommodations, until a doctor says so. This Article challenges the assumption that requests for reasonable accommodations must be supported by medical proof of disability. It proposes an... 2021
George M. Powers , Lex Frieden , Vinh Nguyen DISABILITY, ACCESS, AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: A TITLE II FRAMEWORK FOR A PANDEMIC CRISIS RESPONSE (COVID-19) 14 Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy 345 (2021) This Article examines how plans for emergency medical rationing during the COVID-19 pandemic may discriminate against those with disabilities. More specifically, this Article lays out the obligation of state and local governments under Title II of the ADA in creating and enforcing equitable and fair rationing plans during this COVID-19 crisis. For... 2021
Anthony O'Rourke , Rick Su , Guyora Binder DISBANDING POLICE AGENCIES 121 Columbia Law Review 1327 (May, 2021) Since the killing of George Floyd, a national consensus has emerged that reforms are needed to prevent discriminatory and violent policing. Calls to defund and abolish the police have provoked pushback, but several cities are considering disbanding or reducing their police forces. This Essay assesses disbanding as a reform strategy from a... 2021
Katrina Lee DISCRIMINATION AS ANTI-ETHICAL: ACHIEVING SYSTEMIC CHANGE IN LARGE LAW FIRMS 98 Denver Law Review 581 (Spring, 2021) As protests calling for racial justice erupted across the country in 2020, many large law firms issued compelling statements acknowledging systemic inequities and bias. During the preceding few decades, firms had already expressed their commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion; some had launched well-publicized diversity initiatives. Still,... 2021
Matiangai Sirleaf DISPOSABLE LIVES: COVID-19, VACCINES, AND THE UPRISING 121 Columbia Law Review Forum 71 (6/1/2021) If I can be provocative, shouldn't this study be done in Africa, where there are no masks, no treatment, no intensive care, a bit like some studies on AIDS or among prostitutes. We try things, because we know they . are highly exposed and they don't protect themselves. What do you think about that? --Jean-Paul Mira, Head of the Intensive Care... 2021
Melissa Ballengee Alexander DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE AND RACIAL HEALTH EQUITY: WHAT COVID-19 TEACHES ABOUT MEDICARE'S BLANKET PRIORITY FOR AMERICANS OF ADVANCED AGE 51 University of Memphis Law Review 823 (Summer, 2021) I. Introduction. 824 II. The United States Rations Health Care Based on Ability to Pay While Providing Special Assistance to Individuals of Advanced Age. 828 A. A Third of Americans Lack Access to Needed, Beneficial Care Because They Cannot Afford to Pay. 828 B. The Government Funds Care for Individuals of Advanced Age Regardless of Wealth, While... 2021
Leslie Birnbaum DUE PROCESS AND ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS IN THE TIME OF COVID-19: HELP, I NEED SOMEBODY! 41 Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary 140 (Spring, 2021) PREFACE. 141 I. PANDEMIC BEGINNINGS. 142 A. Introduction. 142 B. The Pandemic: The Novel Coronavirus. 144 C. History of Pandemics. 147 D. Procedural Due Process: Adaptation and Reinvention--A Balancing Act. 150 II. THE NEXT GENERATION: TO BOLDLY GO WHERE NO ONE HAS GONE BEFORE (BUT WHERE EVERYONE IS HEADED). 151 A. Due Process and Case Law. 152 1.... 2021
Jon M. Garon DYSREGULATING THE MEDIA: DIGITAL REDLINING, PRIVACY EROSION, AND THE UNINTENTIONAL DEREGULATION OF AMERICAN MEDIA 73 Maine Law Review 45 (2021) Introduction I. The Rise of Federal Media Regulation II. Content Regulation and the Evolution of the First Amendment A. Early Cases Rejecting the First Amendment B. Introducing the Application of the First Amendment C. Speech Regulation through the Fairness Doctrine D. Continued Regulation Beyond the Fairness Doctrine III. The Move to... 2021
Armen H. Merjian EMOTIONAL DISTRESS AND THE PSYCHOTHERAPIST-PATIENT PRIVILEGE: ESTABLISHING A CERTAIN AND PRINCIPLED IMPLIED-WAIVER RULE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS LITIGANTS 12 UC Irvine Law Review 221 (November, 2021) Making the promise of confidentiality contingent upon a trial judge's later evaluation of the relative importance of the patient's interest in privacy and the evidentiary need for disclosure would eviscerate the effectiveness of the privilege. As we explained in Upjohn, if the purpose of the privilege is to be served, the participants in the... 2021
Theresa Glennon EMPATHY'S PROMISE AND LIMITS FOR THOSE DISPROPORTIONATELY HARMED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC 27 Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice 441 (Spring, 2021) C1-2Table of Contents I. Introduction. 442 II. The Exacerbation of COVID-19 Illness and Death, Financial Hardship and Toxic Stress. 448 A. COVID-19's Severe and Disparate Health Impacts. 449 B. COVID-19's Disparate Economic Impact. 454 C. COVID-19's Intensification of Trauma. 458 III. Empathy's Promise and Limitations. 461 A. Understanding Empathy:... 2021
Ruqaiijah Yearby EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION, BREASTFEEDING, AND HEALTH JUSTICE 57 California Western Law Review 279 (Spring, 2021) Breastfeeding has been shown to lead to healthier mothers and infants. In fact, one study found that for every 1000 infants not breastfed there were 2,033 extra doctor visits, 212 hospitalization days and 609 prescriptions, costing an additional $331-475 per infant during the first year of life. Research has also shown that a breastfeeding mother... 2021
Nancy Leong ENJOYED BY WHITE CITIZENS 109 Georgetown Law Journal 1421 (June, 2021) Whiteness is invisible in American law. The U.S. Constitution never mentions white people. Indeed, the entirety of constitutional and statutory law, at both the federal and state level, includes only two antidiscrimination statutes that refer explicitly to white people. These Reconstructionera statutes--42 U.S.C. § 1981 and § 1982--declare that all... 2021
Jacob Elkin ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE AND PENNSYLVANIA'S ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT: APPLYING THE DUTY OF IMPARTIALITY TO DISCRIMINATORY SITING 11 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 195 (January, 2021) Since the 1970s, there has been a growing awareness that environmental hazards are disproportionately sited in low-income communities and communities of color. Under the label of the environmental justice movement, community groups have pursued various means to fight against the discriminatory concentration of environmental burdens in their... 2021
Rebecca Bratspies, Vanessa Casado Perez, Robin Kundis Craig, Lissa Griffin, Keith Hirokawa, Sarah Krakoff, Katrina Kuh, Jessica Owley, Melissa Powers, Shannon Roesler, Jonathan Rosenbloom, J.B. Ruhl, Erin Ryan, David Takacs ENVIRONMENTAL LAW, DISRUPTED BY COVID-19 51 Environmental Law Reporter (ELI) 10509 (June, 2021) For over a year, the COVID-19 pandemic and concerns about systemic racial injustice have highlighted the conflicts and opportunities currently faced by environmental law. Scientists uniformly predict that environmental degradation, notably climate change, will cause a rise in diseases, disproportionate suffering among communities already facing... 2021
Kimberly L. Bick ENVIRONMENTAL PARITY AND OUTDOOR EQUITY 63-APR Orange County Lawyer 36 (April, 2021) This month we celebrate Earth Day, but Earth Day represents more than one day set aside to plant trees or pick up trash at the beach. It was founded after three-million gallons of crude oil spilled into the Pacific Ocean just off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, in 1969, creating an oil slick thirty-five miles long along California's coast... 2021
Samantha Bent Weber , Amanda Moreland , Rachel Hulkower , Tara Ramanathan Holiday EXAMINING SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DATA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS IN STATE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS 14 Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy 571 (2021) Law plays an important role in the collection of data related to disease and injury in a population. A robust system of laws sets out requirements for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of disease reporting data from local, state, territorial, and federal public health institutions. Occurrence of disease, including outbreaks of novel... 2021
Nia Johnson, MBE, JD EXPANDING ACCOUNTABILITY: USING THE NEGLIGENT INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS CLAIM TO COMPENSATE BLACK AMERICAN FAMILIES WHO REMAINED UNHEARD IN MEDICAL CRISIS 72 Hastings Law Journal 1637 (August, 2021) Black Americans have constantly been victims of health disparities and unequal treatment in healthcare facilities. This is not new. However, more attention has been paid to accounts from Black Americans alleging that their providers ignored them or their families in crisis, leading to grave consequences. Though we do have a medical malpractice... 2021
James Jennings FAIR HOUSING AND ZONING AS ANTI-GENTRIFICATION: THE CASE OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 30 Journal of Affordable Housing & Community Development Law 93 (2021) The Fair Housing law protects individuals and groups based on race, color, religion, sex, familial status, national origin, or having a disability. In addition to the federal protected classes, Massachusetts Anti-Discrimination Law, Massachusetts General Laws, ch.151B, prohibits discrimination against the following protected classes: sexual... 2021
Helen Hershkoff, Nathan D. Yaffe FEDERALISM AND FEDERAL RIGHTS MINIMALISM: OVERLOOKED EFFECTS ON STATE COURT EDUCATION LITIGATION IN WISCONSIN 2021 Wisconsin Law Review 1011 (2021) In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court in San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez held that education is not a fundamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment and that the Equal Protection Clause did not bar the state of Texas from using a system of school funding that produced radically unequal educational opportunities for students in... 2021
James Wu FINANCING FEDERALIZED MEDICAID 30 Annals of Health Law Advance Directive 319 (Spring, 2021) Federalism is especially pronounced in Medicaid due to the program's joint federal-state structure predicated on cooperation that gives states wide latitude in tailoring both the implementation of covered benefits and the eligibility for coverage. This has led to fragmentation and exclusion since the program's inception. The dynamic has been... 2021
Winnie F. Taylor FINTECH AND RACE-BASED INEQUALITY IN THE HOME MORTGAGE AND AUTO FINANCING MARKETS 33 Loyola Consumer Law Review 366 (2021) The racial gap in wealth in the United States is astonishing. A 2019 survey found that the typical White family has eight times the wealth of the typical African American family and five times the wealth of the typical Hispanic family. Unfortunately, discrimination in the home mortgage market and the lending industry has contributed greatly to the... 2021
Co-Dean David Lopez FOREWORD 72 Rutgers University Law Review 1265 (Winter, 2021) That everything you see will soon alter and cease to exist. Think of how many changes you have already seen. The world is nothing but change. -Marcus Aurelius The general laws of migration hold that the greater the obstacles and the farther the distance traveled, the more ambitious the migrants. -Isabel Wilkerson History will have to record... 2021
Deborah W. Denno , Bruce A. Green FOREWORD AND DEDICATION 89 Fordham Law Review 2415 (May, 2021) The Fordham Law Review's Symposium collection on Mental Health and the Legal Profession is dedicated to the memory of Professor Deborah L. Rhode. Much ink is spilled in legal periodicals over lawyers' professional successes--deals closed, lawsuits won, promotions to partnership, profits per partner. But lawyers' mental and emotional well-being... 2021
Paul Butler FOREWORD TO THE REPUBLICATION OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND THE CRIMINAL LAW 92 University of Colorado Law Review 1443 (Special Issue 2021) Twenty-four years later, je ne regrette rien. I do not mean that I got everything exactly right, but I miss my youthful exuberance. I wonder, in the words of Birdman, What happened to that boy? Here is one of the passages that, introspect, seems most poignant: I argue that but for the fruits of slavery and entrenched racism, African Americans... 2021
T. Alexander Aleinikoff FOREWORD TO THE REPUBLICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION IN CONTEXT: THE CONTINUING SIGNIFICANCE OF RACISM 92 University of Colorado Law Review 1315 (Special Issue 2021) It is disturbing--to say the least--that an article written nearly three decades ago based on an assertion of the continuing existence of racism in the United States can be seen as meriting republication, not for its historical interest but because of its current relevance. The article began with descriptions of the brutal murder of Emmet Till in... 2021
Melodie Meyer FRACKING IN PUEBLO AND DINÉ COMMUNITIES 39 UCLA Journal of Environmental Law & Policy 89 (2021) Fracking must be regulated from a tribal perspective and ultimately phased out by renewable energy sources in order to prevent environmental contamination and threats to health and safety. Like many other components of extractive industry, fracking disproportionately harms indigenous communities due to the socioeconomic status of indigenous... 2021
Renee Nicole Allen FROM ACADEMIC FREEDOM TO CANCEL CULTURE: SILENCING BLACK WOMEN IN THE LEGAL ACADEMY 68 UCLA Law Review 364 (August, 2021) In 1988, Black women law professors formed the Northeast Corridor Collective of Black Women Law Professors, a network of Black women in the legal academy. They supported one another's scholarship, shared personal experiences of systemic gendered racism, and helped one another navigate the law school white space. A few years later, their stories... 2021
Valarie K. Blake HEALTH CARE CIVIL RIGHTS UNDER MEDICARE FOR ALL 72 Hastings Law Journal 773 (March, 2021) The passage of Medicare for All would go a long way toward curing the inequality that plagues our health care system along racial, sex, age, health status, disability, and socioeconomic lines. Yet, while laudably creating a universal right to access to health care, Medicare for All may inadvertently dampen civil rights protections that are... 2021
Nicole Huberfeld HEALTH EQUITY, FEDERALISM, AND CANNABIS POLICY 101 Boston University Law Review 897 (May, 2021) Cannabis policy is a story of complexity and dynamism laced with tension and inequity. Policy makers' views are rapidly changing, reflected by many bills sitting before Congress. This Essay considers three of the major bills that have a more comprehensive approach to cannabis. These bills also take different approaches to the flipped federalism... 2021
Leslie Francis HEALTH INFORMATION BEYOND PANDEMIC EMERGENCIES: PRIVACY FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE 70 American University Law Review 1629 (May, 2021) C1-2Table of Contents Introduction. 1630 I. The Importance of Information in and Beyond the Immediacy of a Pandemic Emergency. 1630 A. Information to Identify Emerging Infections. 1631 B. Syndromic Surveillance: Revealing Patterns of Disease. 1636 C. Stopping Spread: Information About Individuals for Contact Tracing, Isolation, and Quarantine. 1642... 2021
Jennifer C. Nash HOME IS WHERE THE BIRTH IS: RACE, RISK, AND LABOR DURING COVID-19 32 Yale Journal of Law & Feminism 103 (2021) On April 28, 2020, Dr. W. Spencer McClelland--an obstetrician at New York City's Lenox Hill Hospital--published an editorial in The New York Times that announced, If you planned on delivering in a New York City hospital, don't change your plans. McClelland's plea was a response to an outpouring of news reports focused on pregnant people... 2021
Emma Mendelson HOW THE FALLOUT FROM POST-9/11 SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS CAN INFORM PRIVACY PROTECTIONS FOR COVID-19 CONTACT TRACING PROGRAMS 24 CUNY Law Review 35 (Winter, 2021) INTRODUCTION. 35 I. The Bush Administration and the Broadened Scope of Surveillance. 38 A. The Law and the NSA. 38 B. The Wave of Backlash Comes Crashing Down. 44 II. National Security and Public Health Surveillance During COVID-19. 46 A. Background on the Data Changes Since 9/11. 47 B. What Does Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic Look... 2021
William Chanes Martinez HOW TO GET AWAY WITH IMMUNITY: FDA'S EMERGENCY USE AUTHORIZATION SCHEME AND PREP ACT LIABILITY PROTECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID -19 33 Loyola Consumer Law Review 128 (2021) The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) plays a vital role in our country's response to biological agents that threaten public health and safety. On December 31, 2019, officials in Wuhan, China confirmed dozens of cases of pneumonia caused by an unknown pathogen. Chinese officials later identified that pathogen as severe acute respiratory... 2021
William Froehlich IDEAS FOR COLLABORATIVE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE: LESSONS FROM AN ACADEMY INITIATIVE DESIGNED FOR COMMUNITY LEADERS 75 Dispute Resolution Journal 63 (2021) In the wake of the Summer of Advocacy for Black Lives, new examples of racial injustice continue to remind us of the issues dividing all our communities. You may have wondered whether you could contribute your expertise in dispute resolution, particularly mediation, as you watched demonstrators express compounded frustration with police practices... 2021
Libby Smith IMPACT OF THE CORONAVIRUS AND FEDERAL RESPONSES ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES' HEALTH, SECURITY, AND SOVEREIGNTY 45 American Indian Law Review 297 (2021) COVID-19 has ravaged the United States since the first confirmed American diagnosis in January 2020. By December 2020, there were 19,663,976 diagnosed cases and 341,199 deaths attributed to the disease in the United States alone. In June 2021, a year and a half after the first American diagnosis, the CDC reported 33,283,781 total cases of COVID-19... 2021
Kayley Berger IN WHOSE CUSTODY? MIRANDA, EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE & CRIMINAL DEFENDANTS 11 UC Irvine Law Review 1197 (April, 2021) Respect for the rule of law in all its dimensions is critical to the fair administration of justice, public order, and protection of fundamental freedoms. The rule of law surrounding the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination will not be respected by the police or public at large until major loopholes that allow the police to take... 2021
Riyad A. Omar INCENTIVIZING ACCESS BARRIERS: THE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF USING PREDICTED COSTS TO MEASURE MEDICAL NEEDS 51 University of Memphis Law Review 1049 (Summer, 2021) I. Introduction. 1051 II. The Use and Misuse of Predictive Models. 1056 A. Risk Scores in Health Care. 1056 B. Measuring Predictive Accuracy. 1059 1. Predictions About Groups. 1059 2. Predictions About Individuals. 1061 C. Propensity to Misuse Risk Scores. 1065 D. Unique Risks of Black Box Algorithms. 1068 E. Propensity for Algorithmic Data to... 2021
Nicole P. Dyszlewski INTEGRATING DIVERSITY INTO THE 1L CURRICULUM, ONE LIBRARIAN AT A TIME 25 U.C. Davis Social Justice Law Review 64 (Summer, 2021) As I start this essay, I sit at my computer anxious and afraid that I am too white and too untenured to write an essay on a topic as big and important as successfully integrating social justice, diversity, equity, racial justice, equality, oppression, and inclusion into the curriculum in American law schools. I feel this way for a number of... 2021
Ana Santos Rutschman INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AS A DETERMINANT OF HEALTH 54 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 413 (March, 2021) Public health literature has long recognized the existence of determinants of health, a set of socioeconomic conditions that affect health risks and health outcomes across the world. The World Health Organization defines these determinants as forces and systems consisting of factors combin[ing] together to affect the health of individuals and... 2021
  INTRODUCTION 134 Harvard Law Review 2158 (April, 2021) Americans have no universal, legal right to healthcare. The federal Constitution guarantees a right to speak without government intrusion, but no platform from which to be heard, the right to privacy in one's home, but no home to begin with, and the right to life absent due process, but no affirmative right to life-saving care. Put reductively, at... 2021
Myrisha S. Lewis IS GERMLINE GENE EDITING EXCEPTIONAL? 51 Seton Hall Law Review 735 (2021) Advances in gene editing have recently received significant scientific and media attention. Gene editing, especially CRISPR-Cas9, has revived multiple longstanding ethical debates, including debates related to parental autonomy, health disparities, disability perspectives, and racial and economic inequalities. Germline, or heritable, gene editing... 2021
David A. Grenardo IT'S WORTH A SHOT: CAN SPORTS COMBAT RACISM IN THE UNITED STATES? 12 Harvard Journal of Sports & Entertainment Law 237 (Spring, 2021) Racism has stained this country throughout its history, and racism persists today in the United States, including in sports. Sports represent a reflection of society and its ills, but they can also provide a powerful means to combat racism. This article examines the state of racism in society and sports both historically and today. It also provides... 2021
  KEYNOTE ADDRESS: MARIA MELENDEZ 31 Albany Law Journal of Science and Technology 149 (2021) Welcome everybody. On March 25, 1966, in Chicago, at a press conference, Dr. Martin Luther King said: Of all forms of inequality, injustice in health is the most shocking and most inhuman. What we are seeing today with COVID shines a light on health disparities and poor health outcomes experienced by Black, Indigenous, and other people of color.... 2021
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