| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year |
| Gabriel J. Chin , Paul Finkelman |
BIRTHRIGHT CITIZENSHIP, SLAVE TRADE LEGISLATION, AND THE ORIGINS OF FEDERAL IMMIGRATION REGULATION |
54 U.C. Davis Law Review 2215 (April, 2021) |
In accord with the traditional restriction of citizenship of nonwhites, for decades some conservative lawmakers and scholars have urged Congress to deny citizenship to U.S.-born children of unauthorized migrants. For its part, the Trump Administration promised to pursue birthright citizenship reform. The most prominent and compelling argument... |
2021 |
| Allison S. Hartry |
Birthright Justice: the Attack on Birthright Citizenship and Immigrant Women of Color |
36 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 57 (2012) |
Anti-immigrant sentiment in the United States is increasingly focused on restricting women of color's access to reproductive justice. Rhetoric surrounding anchor babies and an invasion by birth canal shows how the debate over immigration plays out on the bodies of immigrant women of color. This Article begins by describing the history of... |
2012 |
| Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee |
BITTER HARVEST: SUPPLY CHAIN OPPRESSION AND THE LEGAL EXCLUSION OF AGRICULTURAL WORKERS |
2023 University of Illinois Law Review 1337 (2023) |
Persistent exploitation of farmworkers is a defining problem of our time. An estimated 32% of the global population is employed in agriculture. At the base of global food systems, agricultural workers sustain the world's population while systematically excluded from labor rights protections. Through an analysis of restrictions on labor rights for... |
2023 |
| David S. Rubenstein |
Black-box Immigration Federalism |
114 Michigan Law Review 983 (April, 2016) |
Immigration Outside the Law. By Hiroshi Motomura. New York: Oxford University Press (2014). Pp. xiii, 235. $29.95. In Immigration Outside the Law, Hiroshi Motomura confronts the three hardest questions in immigration today: what to do about our undocumented population, who should decide, and by what legal process. Motomura's treatment is... |
2016 |
| Robert Koulish |
Blackwater and the Privatizaton of Immigration Control |
20 Saint Thomas Law Review 462 (Spring 2008) |
I. Introduction. 462 II. The Shock Doctrine. 464 III. The Shock Doctrine Infrastructure: Plenary Powers and Privatization. 467 IV. The Immigration Industrial Complex. 474 V. Conclusion. 488 |
2008 |
| Ashleigh Lussenden |
BLOOD QUANTUM AND THE EVER-TIGHTENING CHOKEHOLD ON TRIBAL CITIZENSHIP: THE REPRODUCTIVE JUSTICE IMPLICATIONS OF BLOOD QUANTUM REQUIREMENTS |
111 California Law Review 287 (February, 2023) |
Blood often serves as the basis for identity for many groups in the United States. Native Americans, however, are the only population in which blood is a requirement for collective belonging and can be the determining factor for whether one receives tribal benefits and services. Many Tribal Nations use blood quantum, the percentage of Indian blood... |
2023 |
| Christopher E. Smith |
Blue Lives Matter Versus Black Lives Matter: Beneficial Social Policies as the Path Away from Punitive Rhetoric and Harm |
44 Vermont Law Review 463 (Spring, 2020) |
Introduction. 463 I. Counterreaction: Origins and Outcomes. 464 A. The Origins of Two Organizations. 464 B. The Policy Response: Punitive Laws. 467 II. Beneficial Policies: Getting Serious About Protecting and Supporting Police Officers. 470 A. Resources. 471 B. Public Policy. 474 C. Respecting Black Lives Matter. 480 Conclusion. 489 |
2020 |
| Teresa A. Miller |
Blurring the Boundaries Between Immigration and Crime Control after September 11th |
25 Boston College Third World Law Journal 81 (Winter, 2005) |
Abstract: Although the escalating criminalization of immigration law has been examined at length, the social control dimension of this phenomenon has gone relatively understudied. This Article attempts to remedy this deficiency by tracing the relationship between criminal punishment and immigration law, demonstrating that the War on Terror has... |
2005 |
| Olga Tomchin |
Bodies and Bureaucracy: Legal Sex Classification and Marriage-based Immigration for Trans* People |
101 California Law Review 813 (June, 2013) |
In most jurisdictions in the United States, a birth certificate's sex marker, as decided by the appearance of the infant's genitals, creates a rebuttable presumption of legal sex requiring specified (but widely varying) evidence to overcome. These requirements for recognition are generally illogical, inconsistent, and unattainable for most trans*... |
2013 |
| |
BOOK NOTES |
46 Law and Social Inquiry 1300 (November, 2021) |
L1-2CONTENTS CIVIL LIBERTIES. 1301 CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND SOCIAL CONTROL. 1301 ICONOGRAPHY OF LAW AND JUSTICE. 1301 LAW AND ANIMAL RIGHTS. 1302 LAW AND BANKRUPTCY. 1302 LAW AND CITIZENSHIP. 1302 LAW AND CULTURE. 1302 LAW AND EMOTION. 1303 LAW AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS. 1303 LAW AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE. 1303 LAW AND IMMIGRATION. 1303 LAW AND LABOR. 1304... |
2021 |
| |
Book Notes |
45 Law and Social Inquiry 1185 (November, 2020) |
L1-2CONTENTS Constitutional Theory and History. 1186 Criminal Justice and Social Control: Capital Punishment. 1186 Criminal Justice and Social Control: The Carceral State. 1187 Criminal Justice and Social Control: General. 1187 Criminal Justice and Social Control: Policing. 1188 Human Rights. 1189 Islamic Law and Society. 1189 Judicial Selection.... |
2020 |
| Ernesto Hernández-López |
BORDER BRUTALISM |
46 Fordham International Law Journal 213 (January, 2023) |
Concepts like freedom and liberty motivate Americans on the global stage. This has racial implications past and present. Exploring these arguments, this Essay: (1) reviews Greg Grandin's The End of the Myth: From the Frontier to the Border Wall in the Mind of America and (2) proposes a framework to identify law's place in these motivations. The End... |
2023 |
| Kate Huddleston |
Border Checkpoints and Substantive Due Process: Abortion Rights in the Border Zone |
125 Yale Law Journal 1744 (April, 2016) |
This Note assesses the constitutionality of Texas House Bill 2 (H.B. 2), which regulates abortion providers, as applied to clinics located in the area between the state's border with Mexico and internal federal immigration checkpoints. Should these statutory provisions go into full effect and lead to these clinics' closure, undocumented immigrants... |
2016 |
| Natsu Taylor Saito |
Border Constructions: Immigration Enforcement and Territorial Presumptions |
10 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 193 (Winter 2007) |
Securing our border is essential to securing the homeland. . . . I appreciate once again being here with the Border and Immigration Security officers. . . . By defending our border, you're defending our liberty, and our citizens, and our way of life. President George W. Bush, November 28, 2005, Tucson, Arizona In the post-September 11th world,... |
2007 |
| Jennifer M. Chacón |
Border Exceptionalism in the Era of Moving Borders |
38 Fordham Urban Law Journal 129 (November, 2010) |
Historically, the courts have indicated that the tasks of enacting and enforcing immigration laws are federal functions. The federal agents who police the nation's borders have exceptionally broad policing authority--an authority that the courts have justified based on the special need to secure the nation's borders from a variety of threats. Part... |
2010 |
| Gabriela A. Gallegos |
Border Matters: Redefining the National Interest in U.s.-mexico Immigration and Trade Policy |
92 California Law Review 1729 (December, 2004) |
Introduction. 1730 I. The Standard Story: Economics-Based Justifications for Trade and Immigration Policies. 1734 A. Macroeconomics-Based Trade Liberalization Policy. 1735 B. Microeconomics-Based Restrictive Immigration Policy. 1738 II. The Real Story: Nativistic Racism Plus Economic Interest. 1740 A. Nativistic Racism Defined. 1740 B. Nativistic... |
2004 |
| Christopher J. Walker |
Border Vigilantism and Comprehensive Immigration Reform |
10 Harvard Latino Law Review 135 (Spring, 2007) |
We must begin by recognizing the problems with our immigration system. For decades, the United States has not been in complete control of its borders .. We're a nation of laws, and we must enforce our laws. We are also a nation of immigrants, and we must uphold that tradition, which has strengthened our country in so many ways. These are not... |
2007 |
| Sara Daly |
Bordering on Discrimination: Effects of Immigration Policies/legislation on Indigenous Peoples in the United States and Mexico |
38 American Indian Law Review 157 (2013-2014) |
Border security and state immigration legislation are issues that many Americans love to hate. By and large, there is little debate about the need for national security measures at the borders. However, when it comes to the implementation of policies that actually attempt border security and immigration enforcement, the end results risk stifling... |
2014 |
| Richard Delgado , Jean Stefancic |
Borders by Consent: a Proposal for Reducing Two Kinds of Violence in Immigration Practice |
52 Arizona State Law Journal 337 (Summer, 2020) |
We describe a new consensual theory of borders and immigration that reverses Peter Schuck's and Rogers Smith's notion of citizenship by consent and posits that borders are legitimate--and make sense--only if they are products of consent on the part of both countries on opposite sides of them. Our approach, in turn, leads to differential borders... |
2020 |
| Nick Petree |
Born in the Usa: an All-american View of Birthright Citizenship and International Human Rights |
34 Houston Journal of International Law 147 (Fall 2011) |
I. INTRODUCTION. 148 II. IMMIGRATION AND CITIZENSHIP IN THE UNITED STATES. 151 A. History of Immigration. 151 B. Citizenship. 153 III. THE HISTORY AND RIGHTS UNDERLYING THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. 159 A. Debate Over the Meaning. 159 B. The Historical Context of the Fourteenth Amendment. 163 C. Conflict Between the Purpose of the Fourteenth Amendment... |
2011 |
| Taunya Lovell Banks |
Both Edges of the Margin: Blacks and Asians in Mississippi Masala, Barriers to Coalition Building |
5 Asian Law Journal L.J. 7 (May, 1998) |
Asians often take the middle position between White privilege and Black subordination and therefore participate in what Professor Banks calls simultaneous racism, where one racially subordinated group subordinates another. She observes that the experience of Asian Indian immigrants in Mira Nair's film parallels a much earlier Chinese immigrant... |
1998 |
| Stewart Chang |
Bridging Divides in Divisive Times: Revisiting the Massie-fortescue Affair |
42 University of Hawaii Law Review Rev. 4 (Spring, 2020) |
This Article revisits the infamous Massie-Fortescue rape and murder cases that occurred in Hawai'i during the 1930s, in order to challenge the methods by which race scholars have previously analyzed the case by relying on gender hierarchies. Thalia Massie, a white woman, accused five Hawaiians of gang raping her, even though they were of various... |
2020 |
| Tom I. Romero, II |
Bridging the Confluence of Water and Immigration Law |
48 Texas Tech Law Review 779 (Summer, 2016) |
I. Introduction. 780 II. The Irrigation Era and the Need for a Docile Labor Supply. 782 III. The Metropolitan Revolution and the Rise of the Illegal Gardner. 798 IV. The Great Local Thirst for Proper Documentation. 807 V. Conclusion. 815 Appendix: A Timeline of Important Moments in Water and Immigration Law and Policy. 817 |
2016 |
| Rachel K. Alexander |
Bridging the Title Vii Gap: Protecting All Workers from "Work Authorization" Discrimination |
10 University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class 199 (Fall 2010) |
Despite the numerous laws protecting workers in the United States, a gap remains that leaves all categories of workers unprotected under certain circumstances. Many scholars have examined protections and remedies available to unauthorized immigrant workers, including existing protections after the United States Supreme Court's decision in Hoffman... |
2010 |
| Victor M. Hwang, Asian Pacific Islander Legal Outreach |
Brief of Amici Curiae Asian Pacific Islander Legal Outreach and 28 Asian Pacific American Organizations, in Support of All Respondents in the Six Consolidated Marriage Cases, Lancy Woo and Cristy Chung, et Al., Respondents, V. Bill Lockyer, et Al., Appell |
13 Asian American Law Journal 119 (November, 2006) |
Asian and Pacific Islander (API) people in this country are intimately familiar with the enormous harm that marriage discrimination causes families, individuals, and communities. Since the very beginning of our immigration to the United States and for much our history in California, Asians and Pacific Islanders have been denied equal access to... |
2006 |
| Richard Frankel |
BRINGING "CIVIL"ITY INTO IMMIGRATION LAW: USING THE FEDERAL RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE TO FIX IMMIGRATION ADJUDICATION |
76 Vanderbilt Law Review 1379 (October, 2023) |
Government lawyers frequently argue, and courts have frequently held, that noncitizens in removal proceedings do not have the same rights as defendants in criminal proceedings. A common argument made to support this position is that removal proceedings are civil matters. Accordingly, a noncitizen facing deportation has fewer due process protections... |
2023 |
| Kevin R. Johnson |
BRINGING RACIAL JUSTICE TO IMMIGRATION LAW |
116 Northwestern University Law Review Online 1 (May 13, 2021) |
From at least as far back as the anti-Chinese laws of the 1800s, immigration has been a place of heated racial contestation in the United States. Although modern immigration laws no longer expressly mention race, their enforcement unmistakably impacts people of color from the developing world. Specifically, the laws, as enacted and... |
2021 |
| Victor C. Romero |
Broadening Our World: Citizens and Immigrants of Color in America |
27 Capital University Law Review 13 (1998) |
Your world is as big as you make it. I know, for I used to abide In the narrowest nest in a corner, My wings pressing close to my side. But I sighted the distant horizon Where the sky line encircled the sea And I throbbed with a burning desire To travel this immensity. I battered the cordons around me And cradled my wings on the breeze Then soared... |
1998 |
| Hiroshi Motomura |
Brown V. Board of Education, Immigrants, and the Meaning of Equality |
49 New York Law School Law Review 1145 (2004-2005) |
Being asked to speak at a symposium on Brown v. Board of Education about the impact of Brown on immigration law is very much like being asked to teach immigration law at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill. Much of my personal challenge at UNC is to think about issues of race and equality, but in the specific ways that the study of... |
2005 |
| Anton F. Mertens |
Build a Better Mousetrap and the World Will Beat a Path to Your Door : Can the Employment-based Immigration Process Be Improved? |
5 John Marshall Law Journal 513 (Spring 2012) |
I. Introduction. 514 II. Historical Perspective. 515 A. Immigration History Before 1900. 518 B. Immigration History from 1900 to 1952. 520 C. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to Present. 523 III. Overview of the Employment-Based Immigration Process. 527 A. Employment-Based Immigration Preference System. 529 1. First Preference. 530 2.... |
2012 |
| Ernesto Sagás , Ediberto Román |
Build the Wall and Wreck the System: Immigration Policy in the Trump Administration |
26 Texas Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy 21 (Spring, 2020) |
When Donald J. Trump launched his presidential bid in 2015, he promised: I will build a great, great wall on our southern border. And I will have Mexico pay for that wall. Mark my words. He often repeated this promise at campaign rallies, sparking chants of Build the wall! Build the wall! from an ecstatic crowd. However, as of early 2020,... |
2020 |
| Audrey E. Martin |
BUILDING TREATIES INSTEAD OF WALLS: HOW NAFTA AND THE USMCA MAKE THE CASE FOR TREATIES AS THE FUTURE OF U.S. IMMIGRATION POLICY |
95 Tulane Law Review 387 (January, 2021) |
I. Introduction. 387 II. Mexican Immigration to the United States: Now and Then. 390 A. Setting the Scene: Modern U.S.-Mexico Immigration. 391 B. Understanding the Past: The History of U.S. Immigration Law and Mexico. 394 III. Solving the Problem by Treaty: The EU Case Study. 401 A. The EU Model: Exploring the Articles. 403 B. The EU Model:... |
2021 |
| Kristin A. Collins |
Bureaucracy as the Border: Administrative Law and the Citizen Family |
66 Duke Law Journal 1727 (May, 2017) |
This contribution to the symposium on administrative law and practices of inclusion and exclusion examines the complex role of administrators in the development of family-based citizenship and immigration laws. Official decisions regarding the entry of noncitizens into the United States are often characterized as occurring outside of the normal... |
2017 |
| Amit Jain |
Bureaucrats in Robes: Immigration "Judges" and the Trappings of "Courts" |
33 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 261 (Winter, 2019) |
As U.S. immigration policy and its human impact gain popular salience, some have questioned whether immigration courts--often the first-line adjudicators of deportation--are courts at all in the American adversarial legal tradition. This Article aims to answer this question through a focus on the role of the immigration judge (IJ). Informed by... |
2019 |
| Shoba Sivaprasad Wadhia |
Business as Usual: Immigration and the National Security Exception |
114 Penn State Law Review 1485 (Spring 2010) |
I. Introduction. 1486 II. Continuing Impact of Post 9-11 Immigration Practices. 1491 A. PENTBOTTM Detentions and OIG Detainee Report. 1401 B. OIG MDC Report. 1493 C. Turkmen Lawsuit. 1495 D. 48 Hour Rule. 1497 E. Closed Hearings. 1499 F. Alien Absconder Initiative. 1499 G. Voluntary Interview Program. 1501 H. Special Registration. 1502 I. Other... |
2010 |
| Benny Agosto, Jr. , Lupe Salinas , Eloisa Morales Arteaga |
But Your Honor, He's an Illegal!--ruled Inadmissible and Prejudicial |
17 Texas Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy 27 (Spring, 2011) |
C1-3Summary I. Introduction. 29 II. The Development of the American Immigrant Population. 30 III. The Treatment of Undocumented Aliens and Others in Criminal Cases. 34 A. Rule 403 Unfair Prejudice Standards. 34 B. Presentation of Unfairly Prejudicial Testimony in Criminal Cases. 35 1. Old Chief v. United States. 35 2. The State of Texas v. Ricardo... |
2011 |
| Erin B. Corcoran |
Bypassing Civil Gideon: a Legislative Proposal to Address the Rising Costs and Unmet Legal Needs of Unrepresented Immigrants |
115 West Virginia Law Review 643 (Winter 2012) |
I. Introduction. 644 II. The Problem. 646 A. What Is at Stake: The Consequences of a Removal Order. 646 B. Barriers to Accessing Competent Representation. 649 C. Challenges for Pro Se Immigrants. 650 III. Efforts to Establish a Constitutional Right to Counsel in Civil Litigation (Civil Gideon) Have and Will Likely Continue to be Unsuccessful. 653... |
2012 |
| Brendan Joseph Pratt |
CAGES AND COMPENSATORY DAMAGES: SUING THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FOR INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS |
68 UCLA Law Review 288 (May, 2021) |
The Trump Administration's zero-tolerance, family separation policy tore thousands of children from their parents. Federal law enforcement officers at the border have caged infants and returned traumatized teenagers to parents only after long periods of detention. The government frustrated family reunification efforts, perhaps indefinitely, by... |
2021 |
| Priscilla Mendoza |
Calentando Las Hieleras ("Warming up the Ice Boxes"): Holding For-profit, Private Detention Centers Accountable for Immigrant Detainees' Due Process Rights |
44 Thurgood Marshall Law Review 163 (Spring, 2020) |
When most people hear hieleras or iceboxes, they are probably thinking of getting ready to take out the beers, sodas, and waters to a family cookout, camping trip or any other outdoor activity. However, that is not the case when you're speaking to immigrants, immigration lawyers, and immigration activists. The latter has a much crueler meaning... |
2020 |
| George Fishman |
CALIFORNIA DREAMIN': CAN STATE UNIVERSITIES LEGALLY HIRE NON-WORK AUTHORIZED ALIENS |
48 Journal of College and University Law 95 (2023) |
A notable group of immigration law professors has assured California that it can allow its State universities to hire aliens not authorized to work under federal law, concluding that the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986's prohibition on hiring undocumented persons [known as employer sanctions] does not bind state government entities.... |
2023 |
| Vinay Harpalani, J.D., Ph.D. |
CAN "ASIANS" TRULY BE AMERICANS? |
27 Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice 559 (Spring, 2021) |
Recent, tragic events have brought more attention to hate and bias crimes against Asian Americans. It is important to address these crimes and prevent them in the future, but the discourse on Asian Americans should not end there. Many non-Asian Americans are unaware or only superficially aware of the vast diversity that exists among us, along with... |
2021 |
| Mohar Ray |
Can I See Your Papers? Local Police Enforcement of Federal Immigration Law Post 9/11 and Asian American Permanent Foreignness |
11 Washington and Lee Race and Ethnic Ancestry Law Journal 197 (Winter, 2005) |
If I see someone come in and he's got a diaper on his head and a fan belt around that diaper on his head, that guy needs to be pulled over and checked. U.S. Congressional Representative John Cooksey of Louisiana, Radio Announcement after September 11, 2001 In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks perpetuated by nineteen foreign... |
2005 |
| Daniel G. Orenstein , Stanton A. Glantz |
Cannabis Legalization in State Legislatures: Public Health Opportunity and Risk |
103 Marquette Law Review 1313 (Summer, 2020) |
Cannabis is widely used in the United States and internationally despite its illicit status, but that illicit status is changing. In the United States, thirty-three states and the District of Columbia have legalized medical cannabis, and eleven states and D.C. have legalized adult use cannabis. A majority of state medical cannabis laws and all but... |
2020 |
| Brian G. Slocum |
Canons, the Plenary Power Doctrine, and Immigration Law |
34 Florida State University Law Review 363 (Winter, 2007) |
There is a fundamental dichotomy in immigration law. On one hand, courts have consistently maintained that Congress has plenary power over immigration and reject most constitutional challenges on that basis. On the other hand, courts frequently use canons of statutory construction aggressively to help interpret immigration statutes in favor of... |
2007 |
| Shayak Sarkar |
CAPITAL CONTROLS AS MIGRANT CONTROLS |
109 California Law Review 799 (June, 2021) |
The disparate treatment of capital and labor reflects one of globalization's central asymmetries: the law often allows financial capital, but not people, to move freely across borders. Yet scholars have largely neglected the intersection of these two regimes, the legal restrictions on migrants' capital, particularly when the migrants themselves are... |
2021 |
| Laura Fernandez Feitl |
Caring for the Elderly Undocumented Workers in the United States: Discretionary Reality or Undeniable Duty? |
13 Elder Law Journal 227 (2005) |
Although contributing substantially to the economic growth of the United States, undocumented workers presently receive little return on their investment, as current immigration laws deprive them of the social benefits received by all other workers, namely social security benefits. In this note, Laura Fernandez Feitl examines the criteria which... |
2005 |
| Karen Korematsu |
Carrying on Korematsu: Reflections on My Father's Legacy |
9 California Law Review Online 95 (January, 2020) |
Five months before he passed away, my father, Fred Toyosaburo Korematsu, gave me a charge: continue his mission to educate the public and remind people of the dangers of history. At that time, I was running my commercial interior design firm. I was far from a public speaker, educator, and civil rights advocate. However, for the previous four years... |
2020 |
| Ilyce Shugall , Rebecca Desnoyers |
Case Note: Orozco V. Mukasey: When an Entry May Not Be an "Admission" and the Fundamental Problems with the Ninth Circuit's Analysis |
35 William Mitchell Law Review 68 (2008) |
I. Introduction. 69 II. Historical Background and Development. 74 A. A Brief Overview of the Immigration and Nationality Act. 74 B. Adjustment of Status Under INA section 245(a). 77 1. Background. 77 2. Current Provision. 80 C. The Term Admission . 81 1. Entry vs. Admission. 81 2. Multiple References in INA. 84 D. Waivers Authorized for Fraud and... |
2008 |
| Rusty Lookadoo |
CATCH-2022: HOW EUROPE'S DIVESTMENT OF ITS MARITIME MIGRATION OBLIGATIONS CONTINUES TO BURDEN THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY |
47 Tulane Maritime Law Journal 163 (Winter, 2023) |
I. Introduction. 163 II. Background. 168 A. Legal Obligations Under the International Treaty Schema. 168 B. Attempts to Escape SAR Obligations. 171 III. Existing Responses to the Refugee Crisis. 172 A. Europe's Response Burdens the Shipping Industry. 173 B. The Legality of the U.K.'s Legislative Response. 176 IV. Resolving the Government-Industry... |
2023 |
| Sheldon A. Evans |
Categorical Nonuniformity |
120 Columbia Law Review 1771 (November, 2020) |
The categorical approach, which is a method federal courts use to categorize which state law criminal convictions can trigger federal sanctions, is one of the most impactful yet misunderstood legal doctrines in criminal and immigration law. For thousands of criminal offenders, the categorical approach determines whether a previous state law... |
2020 |