AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYear
Karla McKanders CLIMATE MIGRATION 50 Human Rights 9 (October, 2024) According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the UN's refugee agency, more than 90 percent of the world's refugees come from countries that are the most vulnerable to climate change. The UNHCR predicts that by 2050, more than 200 million people will be forcibly displaced by extreme weather and environmental disasters,... 2024
Julia Neusner, David Cremins, Ana Cutts Dougherty, Kelsey Freeman, Rosie Lebel, Milena Díaz, Nicole Chávez CLIMATE-RELATED DISPLACEMENT AND U.S. REFUGEE PROTECTION 42 UCLA Journal of Environmental Law & Policy 177 (2024) In an era defined by climate crises and mounting barriers to cross-border movement, this Article examines the intricate relationships between climate change, displacement, and refugee protection in the United States. Through a comprehensive analysis, incorporating insights from interviews with asylum seekers from Mexico and Central America at the... 2024
Alexandra Mallory CLOSING DOWN ACCESS TO ASYLUM: THE ILLEGAL MIGRATION ACT'S INCOMPATIBILITY WITH INTERNATIONAL REFUGEE LAW 49 Brooklyn Journal of International Law 712 (2024) As a global community, we face a choice. Do we want migration to be a source of prosperity and international solidarity, or a byword for inhumanity and social friction? - Antonio Guterres, Secretary General of the United Nations In 2018, the United Kingdom (UK) began to observe an influx of asylum seekers arriving at its borders by crossing the... 2024
Mackenzie Heinrichs CLOSING THE ASYLUM GENDER GAP: WHY "AFGHAN WOMEN" IS A COMPELLING PARTICULAR SOCIAL GROUP 57 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 1063 (October, 2024) Afghan women are currently experiencing unprecedented levels of oppression and violence under the Taliban's brutal regime. Many Afghan women who flee the Taliban's tyranny must then deal with the byzantine reality of seeking asylum based on gender persecution. Because gender is not explicitly protected under the 1951 Refugee Convention (the... 2024
Radhika Mongia COLONIALISM AND THE "RIGHT TO EXCLUDE" 118 AJIL Unbound 198 (2024) A discussion of the state's right to exclude requires that we have at our disposal unambiguous understandings of what constitutes the state, who constitute its subjects/citizens, and who constitute aliens. This, however, is not the case. In fact, the reverse is more true: particular notions of the state, of subjects/citizens, and of aliens are... 2024
Jeremiah A. Ho COLONIZING QUEERNESS 95 University of Colorado Law Review 889 (2024) This Article investigates how and why the cultural script of inequality persists for queer identities despite major legal advancements such as marriage, anti-discrimination, and employment protections. By regarding LGBTQ legal advancements as part of the American settler colonial project, I conclude that such victories are not liberatory or... 2024
Sandra B. Zellmer CONSERVATION AS MULTIPLE USE 66 Arizona Law Review 467 (Summer, 2024) The world is facing unprecedented species extinctions, wrought in large part by climate change. Slashing greenhouse gas emissions is one crucial response to the climate/biodiversity crisis. The conservation of intact ecosystems and the life-sustaining services they provide is another. This goal will be beyond reach if conservation commitments do... 2024
Shana R. Herman CONSERVATION CO-GOVERNANCE AS A CURE: INVESTIGATING AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND'S CONSERVATION CO-GOVERNANCE MODEL AS A BLUEPRINT FOR RESTORING NAVAJO SOVEREIGNTY IN MANAGING CANYON DE CHELLY 35 Villanova Environmental Law Journal 205 (2024) As a result of colonization, Indigenous Peoples, globally, have historically been excluded from managing their ancestral lands and the resources they supply. This exclusion infringes on tribal sovereignty and violates treaty rights. Recently, co-management schemes have emerged in the United States in an effort to restore tribal power in managing... 2024
Connor Rasmussen CONSIDERATIONS FOR A MIDDLE EASTERN CONVENTION TO ENSURE THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF REGIONAL REFUGEES 57 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 919 (May, 2024) In 2011, the events of the Arab Spring launched Syria into a brutal civil war that is still being waged today. This conflict has forced and continues to force many Syrians out of their homes for their own safety. News stories focus on how these refugees board rafts to try to make their way across the Mediterranean, eager to reach safety and a new... 2024
Jake Stuebner CONSULAR NONREVIEWABILITY AFTER DEPARTMENT OF STATE v. MUÑOZ: REQUIRING FACTUAL AND TIMELY EXPLANATIONS FOR VISA DENIALS 124 Columbia Law Review 2413 (December, 2024) The visa application process is laden with discretion and reinforced by consular nonreviewability--an extensive form of judicial deference. Until recently, courts recognized a small exception to consular nonreviewability. Under this exception, courts engaged in limited review of a consular officer's decision when visa denials implicated the... 2024
Renee Nicole Allen CONTEXTUALIZING THE TRIGGERING EVENT: COLONIAL WHITE SUPREMACY, ANTI-BLACKNESS, AND BLACK LIVES MATTER IN ITALY AND THE UNITED STATES 33 Minnesota Journal of International Law 1 (Spring, 2024) In the summer of 2020, spurred by George Floyd's murder and amid a worldwide pandemic, Black Lives Matter demonstrations peaked in the United States. The viral nature of the police violence that caused Floyd's death was a triggering event for transnational Black Lives Matter protests. Around the world, millions took to the streets to demand... 2024
Patrick J. White CO-STEWARDSHIP IN PRACTICE: YELLOWSTONE BISON 47 Public Land & Resources Law Review 127 (2024) I. Introduction. 128 II. Indigenous People and Colonization. 130 III. Establishment of Yellowstone National Park. 133 IV. Management of Yellowstone Bison. 137 V. Federal-State-Tribal Relations. 143 VI. Moving Forward. 148 A. Conserving a Viable Population of Wild, Migratory Bison and Their Habitats. 149 B. Maintaining a Low Risk of Brucellosis... 2024
Taylor Smith COVID-19: A XENOPHOBIC PANDEMIC--A GUIDE TO DECREASE THE NUMBER OF HATE CRIMES DIRECTED TOWARDS ASIAN AMERICANS AND PACIFIC ISLANDERS 25 Loyola Journal of Public Interest Law 107 (Spring, 2024) Once an unprecedented pandemic, COVID-19, was characterized as the Chinese Virus and the Kung Flu by former President Trump, centuries-old xenophobic attitudes and racial injustices towards Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) were reignited with a dramatic increase in hate incidents and crimes. However, unlike COVID-19, there is... 2024
Margaret Hu CRITICAL DATA THEORY 65 William and Mary Law Review 839 (March, 2024) Critical Data Theory examines the role of AI and algorithmic decisionmaking at its intersection with the law. This theory aims to deconstruct the impact of AI in law and policy contexts. The tools of AI and automated systems allow for legal, scientific, socioeconomic, and political hierarchies of power that can profitably be interrogated with... 2024
Kathleen Kim , Kevin Lapp , Jennifer J. Lee CRITICAL IMMIGRATION LEGAL THEORY 104 Boston University Law Review 1515 (October, 2024) U.S. immigration law has always been a place for Americans to enact their many prejudices. Often, it edifies norms that exclude and subordinate noncitizens due to their race, gender, or socioeconomic status. As a result, immigration law and policy create great human suffering through actions such as separating families, excluding refugees, and... 2024
Susan Ayres CRITICAL RACE THEORY BANS AND THE CHANGING CANON: CULTURAL APPROPRIATION IN NARRATIVE 30 William and Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice 207 (Winter, 2024) appropriation is what novelists do. Whatever we write is, knowingly or unknowingly, a borrowing. Nothing comes from nowhere. --Margaret Drabble Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal; bad poets deface what they take, and good poets make it into something better, or at least something different. --T.S. Eliot the important questions about... 2024
Chiara Phillips DANGEROUS DISCRETION: MAKING ASYLUM RELIEF MANDATORY CONSIDERING EXTERNAL EFFECTS ON JUDGES 8 Howard Human & Civil Rights Law Review 107 (2023-2024) This Note intends to critique the discretionary standard in asylum cases. As part of that critique, this Note will also explore the impact that compassion fatigue can have on judges' decisions, considering their consistent exposure to asylum seekers' traumatic and emotional stories. This Note will also examine the varied denial rates of asylum... 2024
Melodi H. Dinçer DATA JUSTICE READINESS: AN ABOLITIONIST FRAMEWORK FOR TECH CLINIC INTAKE 31 Clinical Law Review 153 (Fall, 2024) Within two decades, the tech industry has turned most of modern life into a real-time data stream, reducing human beings into trackable datasets. Gaps in government services--including benefits administration, education, transportation, and public health--have created new market opportunities for tech companies to profit off product solutions that... 2024
William Fox DEATH AT THE DOOR OF RELIEF: THE CRIMINALIZATION OF HUMANITARIAN WORK AND ASYLUM 30 Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice 471 (Winter, 2024) C1-2Table of Contents Introduction. 472 I. Background. 477 A. Federal Immigration Law. 482 B. International Human Rights. 488 II. Problem. 490 III. Proposals. 494 A. Application of Human Rights Standards. 494 B. The Establishment of More Humane Asylum Procedures. 497 C. Increase in Refugee Resettlement Efforts. 499 D. The Formation of Peacetime... 2024
Deirdre Pfeiffer , Xiaoqian Hu DECONSTRUCTING RACIAL CODE WORDS 58 Law and Society Review 294 (June, 2024) Racism has become more covert in post-civil rights America. Yet, measures to combat it are hindered by inadequate general knowledge on what colorblind race talk says and does and what makes it effective. We deepen understanding of covert racism by investigating one type of discourse--racial code words, which are (1) indirect signifiers of racial... 2024
Zamir Ben-Dan DEEPLY ROOTED IN AMERICAN HISTORY AND TRADITION: THE U.S. SUPREME COURT'S ABYSMAL TRACK RECORD ON RACIAL JUSTICE AND EQUITY 15 Alabama Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review 45 (2023-2024) Of the three branches of government, the United States Supreme Court has shown itself to be the truest defender of white supremacy. To establish this point, this article offers an unprecedented historical account of the Supreme Court's race-related jurisprudence from 1795 to 1945. From Native American colonization and chattel slavery to Old Jim... 2024
Daniel Kees DEFANGING DIVERSITY: SFFA v. HARVARD AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DIVERSITY RATIONALE IN HIGHER EDUCATION ADMISSIONS 14 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 1023 (August, 2024) They don't want to realize that there is not one step, morally or actually, between Birmingham and Los Angeles. - James Baldwin, I Am Not Your Negro (2017) This article explores the jurisprudential underpinnings of the so-called diversity rationale that until recently had been considered a powerful vehicle for fostering racial diversity on elite... 2024
Jack Jones DEFENDING RACE-CONSCIOUS POLICY: NEW YORK STATE'S CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFYING DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES 49 Columbia Journal of Environmental Law 425 (2024) Beginning in the 1980s, a coalition of community groups, activists, and non-profits loosely referred to as the environmental justice movement campaigned to draw awareness to the disproportionate distribution of environmental burdens to low-income communities of color. These burdens cause severely negative health impacts, reduce property values... 2024
Sheldon Bernard Lyke DEFENSE AGAINST THE DARK ARTS: THE DIVERSITY RATIONALE AND THE FAILED AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 80 Washington and Lee Law Review 1873 (2024) Over the past forty years, affirmative action advocates have participated in a defensive campaign where they have admitted that affirmative action is a form of justified discrimination. This Article finds this a dangerous strategy because it allows for the practice of misguided beliefs about race and remedies for racism. When schools fail to fight... 2024
Joshua D. Blank , Leigh Osofsky DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY AND TAX ENFORCEMENT 61 Harvard Journal on Legislation 251 (Summer, 2024) One of the most powerful charges that can be leveled against the IRS is that it is targeting taxpayers. Charges of political targeting have dogged the IRS for over a century, including in major controversies such as the alleged Tea Party auditing scandal in 2013. Commentators and scholars have long critiqued the IRS for focusing audit resources on... 2024
Vincent Chetail DEMYSTIFYING SOVEREIGNTY: TOTEM AND TABOO OF MIGRATION CONTROL IN INTERNATIONAL LAW 118 AJIL Unbound 193 (2024) We all think about immigration . as the state asks us to think about it and, ultimately, as it thinks about it itself. This aphorism of the sociologist Abdelmalek Sayad seems to speak to lawyers and, in particular, international lawyers who are accustomed to thinking of immigration as a mere question of sovereignty. I contend that this... 2024
Ingrid Eagly , Steven Shafer DETAINED IMMIGRATION COURTS 110 Virginia Law Review 691 (May, 2024) This Article traces the modern development and institutional design of detained immigration courts--that is, the courts that tie detention to deportation. Since the early 1980s, judges in detained immigration courts have presided over more than 3.6 million court cases of persons held in immigration custody, almost all men from Latin America, most... 2024
Frank Rudy Cooper DICTA MINES, PRETEXT, AND EXCESSIVE FORCE: TOWARD CRIMINAL PROCEDURE FUTURISM 112 California Law Review 1007 (June, 2024) Scholars have recently criticized Fourth Amendment pretext doctrine for leading to more police contact with Black and Brown people and thus to racially disproportionate uses of excessive force. This Essay reveals the intersection of the Court's pretext and excessive force doctrines by unearthing their shared roots in the 1973 United States v.... 2024
Katie Eyer, Karen M. Tani DISABILITY AND THE ONGOING FEDERALISM REVOLUTION 133 Yale Law Journal 839 (January, 2024) The Supreme Court's new federalism revolution remains one of the most important developments in recent U.S. legal history. The Court revitalized states' rights doctrines under the Tenth and Eleventh Amendments, rendering states partially or wholly immune from many types of federal litigation. Simultaneously, the Court retrenched the authority... 2024
Tania N. Valdez DISABILITY, RACE, AND IMMIGRATION: THE INTERSECTIONAL IMPACT OF POLICING 65 Boston College Law Review 1981 (June, 2024) Introduction. 1983 I. Background. 1989 A. Key Definitions. 1989 B. The Current Mental Health Care Crisis. 1992 C. Mental Illness & Policing. 1996 1. Roots of Police Violence. 1996 2. Case Studies. 1999 3. An Introduction to Intersectionality's Effect on Policing Outcomes. 2002 II. An Overlooked Intersecting Issue: How Noncitizens with Disabilities... 2024
Sarah H. Lorr DISABLING FAMILIES 76 Stanford Law Review 1255 (June, 2024) Abstract. The family regulation system is increasingly notorious for harming the very families that it ostensibly aims to protect. Under the guise of advancing child welfare, Black, Brown, Native, and poor families are disproportionately surveilled, judged, and separated. Discrimination and ingrained prejudices against disabled parents render their... 2024
Ishani Dasgupta , Pozen Center for Human Rights, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA DISAGGREGATING CITIZENSHIP: TIBETAN REFUGEES NAVIGATING IDENTITY, BELONGING, AND EXCLUSIONARY STATE POLICIES IN INDIA 47 PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 176 (November, 2024) This essay explores the struggles of second-generation Tibetan refugees under an exclusionary Indian citizenship regime. Confronted with a national orthodoxy that entwines legal status, entitlements, and national identity, Tibetans respond by disaggregating citizenship. First, stateless Tibetans, born in India to refugee parents, won legal... 2024
Katrina Quisumbing King DISMANTLING RIGHTS: FORTHCOMING INDEPENDENCE AND THE REVOCATION OF US MILITARY BENEFITS FROM FILIPINO WWII VETERANS 49 Law and Social Inquiry 1004 (May, 2024) This article explores the plasticity of rights by examining how the US government promised and revoked naturalization rights and military benefits from Filipino colonial soldiers who served on behalf of the United States in World War II. Rarely have legal scholars of the US military, citizenship, and the welfare state addressed the rights of... 2024
Kevin Brown , Sukhadeo Thorat DISTINGUISHING THE CASTE--RACE DEBATE IN THE UNITED STATES FROM SOUTH ASIA 66 Arizona Law Review 915 (Winter 2024) According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there were more than 6.5 million people of South Asian descent in the United States in 2022. Like all immigrants, they do not journey solely as biological entities but bring their socio-cultural understandings as well. Among those understandings are the ones associated with the caste system. Historically, those... 2024
Thomas W. Simon DOES BLACK LEGAL THEORY MATTER? CRITICAL RACE THEORY AND A REVIVED RADICALISM 18 Southern Journal of Policy and Justice 137 (May, 2024) C1-2Contents A. Introduction. 139 B. Alternative Histories. 141 C. Theory. 156 D. Methods. 160 E. Liberal Diversions. 168 F. Intersectionality. 195 G. Radical CRT. 209 H. Conclusion. 212 2024
Amanda Frost DRED SCOTT'S DAUGHTER: GRADUAL EMANCIPATION, FREEDOM SUITS, AND THE CITIZENSHIP CLAUSE 35 Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 812 (2024) The Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause connected borders, birth, and egalitarian status to forge a new definition of U.S. citizenship, freed for the first time from constraints of race and lineage. This Article locates a forerunner to the Citizenship Clause in antebellum laws enacted by six northern states under which all persons born within... 2024
Anna R. Welch, Sara P. Cressey DROPPING THE VEIL: HOW AN INVESTIGATION INTO ONE ASYLUM OFFICE REVEALS SYSTEMIC FAILURES WITHIN THE U.S. AFFIRMATIVE ASYLUM SYSTEM 57 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 1 (Winter, 2024) The eleven asylum offices scattered throughout the United States make life-or-death decisions every year in tens of thousands of asylum cases. Yet, little is known about the internal workings of U.S. asylum offices where the informal, non-adjudicative framework for deciding asylum claims takes place behind closed doors. Our three-year study into... 2024
Angelica Félix-D'Egidio EDUCATION INEQUITY FOR MIXTEC STUDENTS IN CALIFORNIA PUBLIC SCHOOLS: A HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH TO EDUCATING INDIGENOUS STUDENTS NOT RECOGNIZED BY THE U.S. GOVERNMENT 40 Chicana/o-Latina/o Law Review 125 (2024) This Comment examines the educational experiences of Indigenous Latine communities within the California public education system, utilizing existing state and federal law in conjunction with human rights framework outlined in the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (U.N. Declaration). While the Every Student Succeeds Act... 2024
Ilya Somin EMPOWERING HISPANICS TO VOTE WITH THEIR FEET 61 Houston Law Review 777 (Symposium 2024) This Commentary outlines the significance of foot voting for America's Hispanic population and highlights ways in which we can better empower them to vote with their feet. People vote with their feet when they make individual choices about the government policies they wish to live under, as opposed to ballot-box voting, in which each voter... 2024
Randall S. Abate , Chhaya Bhardwaj ENHANCING PROTECTION OF "CLIMATE REFUGEES" IN DESTINATION HUBS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEGAL MECHANISMS AND GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES IN THE UNITED STATES AND INDIA 37 Harvard Human Rights Journal 293 (Summer, 2024) The plight of climate refugees is a global crisis that requires global cooperation and regional responses. The United States and India are important regional destination countries for climate refugees. Climate refugees are not recognized as a category of people entitled to protection in either country; however, legal mechanisms in both countries... 2024
Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold , Resilience Justice Project Researchers ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE, RESILIENCE JUSTICE, AND WATERSHED PLANNING 48 William and Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review 553 (Spring, 2024) Watershed planning is an increasingly used governance tool for addressing environmental problems at ecosystem scales of watersheds, which are areas of land that drain to a common body of water. In recent years, watershed planning in the United States has been undergoing an equity evolution: watershed planners have begun integrating environmental... 2024
Monica Visalam Iyer ENVIRONMENTAL MIGRATION IN REGIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COURTS: A LIFEBOAT FROM THE "SINKING VESSEL" 91 Tennessee Law Review 363 (Winter, 2024) Introduction. 364 I. Background. 371 A. Regional Human Rights Courts. 371 B. The Principle of Non-Refoulement. 373 C. Environmental Non-Refoulement at the International Level. 376 D. Environmental Non-Refoulement Cases in Domestic Courts. 380 E. Key Takeaways from International and Domestic Jurisprudence. 382 II. Legal Framework. 386 A.... 2024
Jaclyn Kelley-Widmer, Estelle McKee ESSENTIALIZING CULTURES IN US ASYLUM LAW 89 Brooklyn Law Review 443 (Winter, 2024) Cultural essentialism is the distillation of a community's culture to a few elements that are salient to the outsider--elements typically tied to racist or sexist stereotypes, ignoring the depth and complexity of the culture. Legal advocates perpetuate cultural essentialization in asylum proceedings when they shape the story of the culture in their... 2024
Ivana Isailović EU ABORTION LAW AFTER DOBBS: STATES, THE MARKET, AND STRATIFIED REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM 30 Columbia Journal of European Law 1 (Fall, 2024) The US Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs--alongside transnational campaigns aimed at chipping away abortion access across EU Member States--has triggered concerns by EU institutions and governments on access to abortion in the Union. This paper maps out the ways in which the EU regulates abortion through economic and human rights frameworks and... 2024
Sarah Ganty , Dimitry V. Kochenov EU LAWLESSNESS LAW 30 Columbia Journal of European Law 78 (Fall, 2024) The European Union (EU) deploys a number of legal techniques in an effort to make sure that virtually no denial of racialized noncitizens' rights--across the spectrum from equality and dignity to the right to life--is ever presented as a violation of EU law, even as the death-toll climbs to the dozens of thousands, turning the Mediterranean Sea... 2024
Allison Brownell Tirres EXCLUSION FROM WITHIN: NONCITIZENS AND THE RISE OF DISCRIMINATORY LICENSING LAWS 49 Law and Social Inquiry 1783 (August, 2024) In the United States in the early twentieth century, state and local laws discriminating on the basis of alienage proliferated. Progressive reformers, nativist groups, state legislatures, and city councils sought new methods for restricting noncitizen access to the workplace and the marketplace. As this article demonstrates, the primary vehicle... 2024
Jayesh Rathod EXITING THE AMERICAN DREAM 72 UCLA Law Review Discourse 122 (2024) Exit planning among U.S. citizens is on the rise. A confluence of worrisome domestic conditions--including societal violence, the curtailment of individual rights, and creeping authoritarianism--has prompted U.S. citizens to contemplate and plan for a possible departure from the country. Among the more popular exit pathways, particularly for... 2024
Maryam T. Stevenson EXPLAINING THE COMPREHENSIVE IMMIGRATION REFORM STALEMATE IN CONGRESS 73 Catholic University Law Review 400 (Summer, 2024) Historically, congressional policy goals on immigration have vacillated from open to restrictive as various micro and macro-level factors have changed both inside and outside the Beltway. While Congress has been subjected to some immigration lobbies over time, it has largely been isolated from a general public opinion on immigration policy until... 2024
M. Isabel Medina EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL MIGRATION 33 Southern California Review of Law & Social Justice 389 (Summer, 2024) C1-2TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION. 390 II. EXTERNAL MIGRATION AND ASYLUM THROUGH PLACE AND TIME. 392 A. The Current Law of Asylum and Refugee Status. 395 B. External Migrants: The Case of Refugees from Venezuela, Haiti & Ukraine. 399 1. Venezuela. 400 2. Haiti. 402 3. Ukraine. 404 III. INTERNAL MIGRATION THROUGH PLACE AND TIME. 405 A. Managing... 2024
Felipe De Jesús Hernández EXTRAJUDICIAL SEGREGATION: CHALLENGING SOLITARY CONFINEMENT IN IMMIGRATION PRISONS 137 Harvard Law Review Forum 175 (February, 2024) Stepping into that cell, it felt like I lost all hope. You could smell the concrete, the isolation, the loneliness. And I knew in my heart that I would die here. --Five Mualimm-ak After that first or second week, I lost my mind .. Sometimes I feel like someone is choking me. I have flashbacks, like I'm still confined in that little room. --Ayo... 2024
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