| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year |
| Stephen H. Legomsky |
E Pluribus Unum: Immigration, Race, and Other Deep Divides |
21 Southern Illinois University Law Journal 101 (Fall, 1996) |
On every United States coin there are engraved the Latin words e pluribus unum. This phrase means out of many, one. Throughout our history we have used it proudly, at the very least to state a normative aspiration, and sometimes to describe the kind of society we think we have actually achieved. But e pluribus unum actually means two very... |
1996 |
| Samuel L. Johnson |
Eagle Versus Phoenix: a Tale of Federalism |
7 South Carolina Journal of International Law & Business 109 (Fall, 2010) |
On July 28, 2010, the battle between the federal government and Arizona over immigration enforcement finally came to a head, albeit a temporary one, when United States District Court Judge Susan R. Bolton issued an order granting in part and denying in part the United States' Motion for Preliminary Injunction, thereby enjoining Arizona from... |
2010 |
| Philip L. Martin |
Economic Integration and Migration: the Case of Nafta |
3 UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs 419 (Fall/Winter, 1998-1999) |
As evidenced by United Nations (UN) data, the United States is the world's major country of immigration, and Mexico is the world's major country of emigration. As with U.S.-Mexican trade in goods, there is an asymmetry in migration patterns. The United States accepts immigrants from many nations, but virtually all Mexican emigrants head for the... |
1999 |
| Don Blankenau |
Ecosystem Protection Versus Immigration: the Coming Conflict |
12 Great Plains Natural Resources Journal J. 1 (Fall 2007) |
An undeniable and ever escalating tension exists between population growth and environmental conservation worldwide. This article seeks to draw attention to the impact of population growth, and specifically that related to immigration, on the depletion of resources specifically in the United States of America. The ability of U.S. environmental... |
2007 |
| Alexander F.A. Rabanal |
Educating the Underground: the Constitutionality of Non-residence Based Immigrant In-state Tuition Laws |
88 Chicago-Kent Law Review 1059 (2013) |
Woven into the fabric of the American secondary education system are students a casual observer might dismiss as simply part of the mass of students that occupy classroom seats and roam school hallways everyday. College should be just over the horizon for these students, but a closer look reveals an unfortunate tension, a legal status that belies... |
2013 |
| Paulo Edmundo Ochoa |
Education Without Documentation: as Plyler Students Reach New Heights, Will Their Status Make Them Morally Unfit to Practice Law? |
34 Thomas Jefferson Law Review 411 (Spring 2012) |
The soul who sins is the one who will die. The son will not share the guilt of the father, nor will the father share the guilt of the son. The California Committee of Bar Examiners recently considered whether Sergio Garcia, an undocumented immigrant, is morally fit to practice law. Prior to 2008, the California State Bar did not inquire into an... |
2012 |
| Erin M. Carr |
Educational Equality and the Dream That Never Was: the Confluence of Race-based Institutional Harm and Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces) in Post-brown America |
12 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 115 (Fall, 2020) |
C1-3Table of Contents I. Introduction. 115 II. Trauma, Institutional Racism, and Cognitive Development: The Trifecta of Childhood Harm. 116 III. Educational Equality: The Dream That Never Was. 123 IV. The School-to-Prison Pipeline as the Manifestation and Perpetuation of Race-Base Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). 126 V. Recommendations for a... |
2020 |
| Andrew J. Elmore |
Egalitarianism and Exclusion: U.s. Guest Worker Programs and a Non-subordination Approach to the Labor-based Admission of Nonprofessional Foreign Nationals |
21 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 521 (Summer, 2007) |
Comprehensive immigration reform has been a top legislative priority for the last several years, and recent bills have contemplated the expansion of guest worker programs to adjust the status of undocumented immigrants and to control the future migrant flow. While there is a broad consensus that the current immigration system is broken, there is... |
2007 |
| Emilie Cooper |
Embedded Immigrant Exceptionalism: an Examination of California's Proposition 187, the 1996 Welfare Reforms and the Anti-immigrant Sentiment Expressed Therein |
18 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 345 (Winter, 2004) |
Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! While the Statue of Liberty claims to welcome the tired, the poor and the homeless to the United States of America, it has become increasingly... |
2004 |
| John Reynolds |
EMERGENCY AND MIGRATION, RACE AND THE NATION |
67 UCLA Law Review 1768 (April, 2021) |
Europe's borders are racial borders. The European Union's external border regime underpins continuing forms of European imperialism and neocolonialism. It reinforces a particular imaginary of Europeanness as whiteness, euphemistically dressed up as a European Way of Life to be protected. It nonetheless sits comfortably within the permissible... |
2021 |
| Richard P. Cole, Gabriel J. Chin |
Emerging from the Margins of Historical Consciousness: Chinese Immigrants and the History of American Law |
17 Law and History Review 325 (Summer, 1999) |
During the past generation legal histories of Chinese immigrants who came to America during the second half of the nineteenth century have reshaped our view of their significance for the history of American law. The preceding three generations of professional legal historians perceived the legal experience of Chinese immigrants as marginal to the... |
1999 |
| BJ Smith |
Emma Lazarus Weeps: State-based Anti-immigration Initiatives and the Federalism Challenge |
80 UMKC Law Review 905 (Spring, 2012) |
Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! Centuries after the first weary travelers landed to create a great New World, the Statue of Liberty was dedicated as a symbol of freedom and... |
2012 |
| R. Paul Faxon |
Employer Sanctions for Hiring Illegal Aliens: a Simplistic Solution to a Complex Problem |
6 Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business 203 (Spring, 1984) |
United States immigration policy over the course of the last 200 years has evolved from one of open arms to one of racial and qualitative restrictions to one of qualitative and quantitative restrictions. These shifts, fueled by racism, domestic economic conditions including an end to war-time labor shortages, and domestic resource limitations, have... |
1984 |
| Kitty Calavita |
Employer Sanctions Violations: Toward a Dialectical Model of White-collar Crime |
24 Law and Society Review 1041 (1990) |
This article examines violations of the employer sanctions provision of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 as a case study in white-collar crime. Using interviews with 103 immigrant-dependent employers in three southern California counties, the study reveals that employer sanctions violations are numerous and that violators feel... |
1990 |
| Shannon Gleeson , Kati L. Griffith |
EMPLOYERS AS SUBJECTS OF THE IMMIGRATION STATE: HOW THE STATE FOMENTS EMPLOYMENT INSECURITY FOR TEMPORARY IMMIGRANT WORKERS |
46 Law and Social Inquiry 92 (February, 2021) |
The state plays a key role in shaping worker precarity, and employers are key actors in mediating this process. While employers sometimes may act as willing extensions of the deportation machinery, they are also subjects of the immigration state. In this article, we highlight the impact of state-employer dynamics on migrant workers with Temporary... |
2021 |
| Leticia M. Saucedo |
Employment Authorization and Immigration Status: the Janus-faced Immigrant Worker |
43 Ohio Northern University Law Review 471 (2017) |
This Essay explores the distinct identities of immigrant workers. The ancient myth of Janus as the gatekeeper who looks both backward and forward captures the duality of immigrant workers, who are both immigrants and workers. On one hand the immigrant worker has a past that might include an undocumented entry into or overstay in the United States;... |
2017 |
| Reyna Ramolete Hayashi |
Empowering Domestic Workers Through Law and Organizing Initiatives |
9 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 487 (Fall/Winter, 2010) |
We are subjected to emotional and physical exploitation from which we cannot easily free ourselves because of the need to work and support our families in our home countries. For some of us, being immigrants--this makes our situation worse, because the employers take advantage of this situation, increasing our work hours, many times reaching 24... |
2010 |
| Patricia S. Mann |
Empowering the Global Movement of Bodies: an Immcrit Jurisprudence |
3 Creighton International and Comparative Law Journal 160 (Fall, 2012) |
I want to say how happy I am to be here at CIAPA, and how grateful I am to be included for a second time in this great LatCrit South North Exchange. Last year my presentation focused on the draconian discretionary powers of US Immigration agencies to detain and deport noncitizens, regardless of their length of residence, and familial connections,... |
2012 |
| Cecillia D. Wang |
Ending Bogus Immigration Emergencies |
129 Yale Law Journal Forum 620 (2/15/2020) |
abstract. In 1944, Justice Jackson dissented in Korematsu, warning that the majority's decision would lie[] about like a loaded weapon ready for the hand of any authority that can bring forward a plausible claim of an urgent need. Seventy-five years later, President Donald Trump has picked up that doctrinal weapon. This Essay sets out three... |
2020 |
| David Cole |
Enemy Aliens |
54 Stanford Law Review 953 (May, 2002) |
Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land. Exodus 1:10 To those who pit Americans against immigrants and citizens against non-citizens, to those who scare peace-loving people with... |
2002 |
| Lori A. Nessel |
ENFORCED INVISIBILITY: TOWARD NEW THEORIES OF ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE UNITED STATES' ROLE IN ENDANGERING ASYLUM SEEKERS |
55 U.C. Davis Law Review 1513 (February, 2022) |
C1-2Table of Contents Introduction. 1515 I. Deconstructing the Web of Policies that Comprise the Invisibility Regime at the Southern Border. 1521 A. Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP). 1522 B. The Asylum Transit Ban. 1527 C. Prompt Asylum Claim Review (PACR) and Humanitarian Asylum Review Process (HARP). 1529 D. Metering. 1530 E. Asylum... |
2022 |
| Jason A. Cade |
Enforcing Immigration Equity |
84 Fordham Law Review 661 (November, 2015) |
Congressional amendments to the immigration code in the 1990s significantly broadened grounds for removal while nearly eradicating opportunities for discretionary relief. The result has been a radical transformation of immigration law. In particular, the constriction of equitable discretion as an adjudicative tool has vested a new and critical... |
2015 |
| Muzaffar A. Chishti |
Enforcing Immigration Rules: Making the Right Choices |
10 NYU Journal of Legislation and Public Policy 451 (2006-2007) |
It is estimated that close to twelve million undocumented immigrants currently reside in the United States. Given the scale of the phenomenon, various enforcement strategies are being employed or considered to control illegal immigration. This paper focuses on two of these strategies in the current policy debate: Part I examines the electronic... |
2007 |
| Laura Sullivan |
Enforcing Nonenforcement: Countering the Threat Posed to Sanctuary Laws by the Inclusion of Immigration Records in the National Crime Information Center Database |
97 California Law Review 567 (April, 2009) |
Across the United States, local police officers are playing an increasingly active role in the enforcement of federal immigration laws against the nation's estimated 12 million illegal immigrants. Immigration-related detentions resulting from contact with local officers have dramatically increased in recent years. In some jurisdictions, local... |
2009 |
| Kelly L. Anderson |
Enforcing Rights for Immigrants Facing the Ultimate Criminal Penalty: Deportation |
80 Albany Law Review 995 (2016-2017) |
In the United States, the death penalty is considered the ultimate punishment for the commission of a crime. A criminal defendant may be eligible for death if convicted of the most heinous type of crime--usually some form of aggravated first-degree murder. Because death is such a severe punishment, the U.S. Supreme Court has outlined a number of... |
2017 |
| Katie Kelly |
Enforcing Stereotypes: the Self-fulfilling Prophecies of U.s. Immigration Enforcement |
66 UCLA Law Review Discourse 36 (2018) |
U.S. immigration law was built on a foundation of systemic white supremacy. While a brief historical analysis of immigration laws in the United States illustrates a shift from explicitly racial to race-neutral language, the effects of the originally race-restrictive provisions in immigration law continue to be felt today. This Article illustrates... |
2018 |
| Christopher N. Lasch |
Enforcing the Limits of the Executive's Authority to Issue Immigration Detainers |
35 William Mitchell Law Review 164 (2008) |
I. A Brief History of Recent Immigration Enforcement Efforts Targeting Criminal Aliens. 166 II. Detainers in Practice. 173 A. Who initiates the detainer process?. 177 B. When are detainers placed?. 178 C. In what cases are detainers placed?. 179 D. When does ICE obtain custody of those held on detainers?. 179 III. Authority to Issue Immigration... |
2008 |
| Nancy Foner |
Engagements Across National Borders, Then and Now |
75 Fordham Law Review 2483 (April, 2007) |
A focus on challenges to nationally bounded citizenship paradigms is inevitably about the dramatic effects of immigration on American society. In 2005, more than thirty-five million residents of the United States were immigrants, or a remarkable twelve percent of the population. It is not, of course, numbers alone that create the challenges. At the... |
2007 |
| Jonathan J. Choi, Jess Kuesel, Katline Barrows, Elise Boos, Megan Dister, Connor Sakati, Melissa Skarjune, Stephen E. Roady, Michelle B. Nowlin |
ENHANCED U.S.-CANADIAN COLLABORATION ON MARINE MIGRATORY SPECIES |
53 Environmental Law Reporter (ELI) 10911 (December, 2023) |
U.S.-Canadian management of marine migratory species is a particularly rich place to understand the complex relationship between migratory science, conservation, and law. The two nations share a large border, have a long-lasting historic friendship, and already collaborate extensively. However, the relationship is not without contention. The... |
2023 |
| David B. Thronson |
Entering the Mainstream: Making Children Matter in Immigration Law |
38 Fordham Urban Law Journal 393 (November, 2010) |
Myths that parents are afforded easy and unwarranted pathways to U.S. citizenship through their U.S. citizen children and that children receive privileged treatment in U.S. immigration law stubbornly persist in public discussion surrounding possible immigration reform. Testing these myths, this essay examines immigration law's treatment of children... |
2010 |
| Bill Ong Hing |
Entering the Trump Ice Age: Contextualizing the New Immigration Enforcement Regime |
5 Texas A&M Law Review 253 (Winter, 2018) |
During the early stages of the Trump ICE age, America seemed to be witnessing and experiencing an unparalleled era of immigration enforcement. But is it unparalleled? Did we not label Barack Obama the deporter-in-chief? Was it not George W. Bush who used the authority of the Patriot Act to round up nonimmigrants from Muslim and Arab countries,... |
2018 |
| Marta Vides Saade |
Entertaining Angels Con Pasión |
83 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 901 (Summer 2006) |
This Symposium considers the relationship between immigration law and religious values as relevant. As a Roman Catholic ethicist, whose religious values are influenced by the indigenous traditions of the south, the question of how questions of borders and migration are treated in society has a poignant historical significance. As a lawyer, I... |
2006 |
| Peter L. Reich |
Environmental Metaphor in the Alien Benefits Debate |
42 UCLA Law Review 1577 (August 1, 1995) |
Introduction 1577 I. Environmental Analogies in Immigration Politics 1579 II. The Demise of Equilibrium in Ecological Science 1584 III. Contextual Arguments in Alien Benefits Jurisprudence 1588 Conclusion 1594 |
1995 |
| Beenish Riaz |
ENVISIONING COMMUNITY PARALEGALS IN THE UNITED STATES: BEGINNING TO FIX THE BROKEN IMMIGRATION SYSTEM |
45 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 82 (2021) |
For decades, immigrants have been unable to access justice in the United States. The country has consistently failed to meet its international and domestic due process obligations. Given that universal representation for all immigrants is impractical, this Article posits a new strategy. It calls for legal empowerment, and in particular, the... |
2021 |
| Antonio M. Coronado |
ENVISIONING REPARATIVE LEGAL PEDAGOGIES |
30 Clinical Law Review 65 (Fall, 2023) |
As numerous reports, student movements, and forms of scholarship-activism have noted, the traditional U.S. law school classroom remains a space of hierarchy, privilege, and unnamed systems of power. Particularly for students holding historically marginalized and minoritized identities, legal education remains both a remnant of and conduit for... |
2023 |
| Jessica Mitten, Leanne Aban, Lilia Abecassis, Gabriela Garcia-Bou, Carter Man, Jessica Pacwa, Talia Plofsky, Tate Schneider, Katie Wiese, Shelby Young, Yiruo Zhang |
EQUAL PROTECTION |
23 Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law 267 (Annual Review 2022) |
I. Introduction. 268 II. Overview. 269 A. Similarly Situated Requirement. 270 B. Standards of Review. 270 1. Strict Scrutiny. 271 a. Suspect Classifications. 271 b. Fundamental Rights. 273 2. Intermediate Scrutiny. 274 3. Rational Basis Review. 275 4. Alternative Formulations. 277 III. Sex-Based Classifications. 278 A. Federal Constitutional... |
2022 |
| Kristen M. Schuler |
Equal Protection and the Undocumented Immigrant: California's Proposition 187 |
16 Boston College Third World Law Journal 275 (Spring, 1996) |
Who among us is aboriginal? Indeed those who are aboriginal, the ones we call Native Americans, are the only ones we treat as badly as we treat new immigrants. Proposition 187, the recently passed California ballot initiative which seeks to deny all social services except emergency medical care to undocumented immigrants, has caused significant... |
1996 |
| Jenny-Brooke Condon |
Equal Protection Exceptionalism |
69 Rutgers University Law Review 563 (Winter, 2017) |
Equal protection doctrine addressed to immigrants' rights is thoroughly exceptional. It is an amalgam of super-deference, suspect class treatment, and even intermediate scrutiny, depending upon whether immigrants are present in the United States lawfully or not, and whether a state or federal classification is at issue. No other area of equal... |
2017 |
| Michelle Adams, Derek W. Black |
Equality of Opportunity and the Schoolhouse Gate, the Schoolhouse Gate: Public Education, the Supreme Court, and the Battle for the American Mind by Justin Driver Penguin Random House, 2018 |
128 Yale Law Journal 2302 (June, 2019) |
Public schools have generated some of the most far-reaching cases to come before the Supreme Court. They have involved nearly every major civil right and liberty found in the Bill of Rights. The cases are often reflections of larger societal ills and anxieties, from segregation and immigration to religion and civil discourse over war. In that... |
2019 |
| Aziz Z. Huq |
Equality's Understudies |
118 Michigan Law Review 1027 (April, 2020) |
Practical Equality: Forging Justice in a Divided Nation. By Robert L. Tsai. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. 2019. Pp. 276. $27.95. Our Republic these days is riven by divides about what equality demands of us as private and public actors. Consider just a few recent examples: Harvard University is challenged in federal court for preferring... |
2020 |
| Alia Al-Khatib, Jayesh Rathod |
Equity in Contemporary Immigration Enforcement: Defining Contributions and Countering Criminalization |
66 University of Kansas Law Review 951 (July, 2018) |
During the 2016 Presidential election cycle, immigration policy emerged as a key campaign issue, with then-candidate Donald Trump promising a slate of restrictionist measures, including more aggressive immigration enforcement, curtailment of refugee admissions, and the construction of a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border. President Trump also... |
2018 |
| Naomi Doraisamy |
Erasing Presence Through Reasonable Suspicion: Terry and its Progeny as a Vehicle for State Immigration Enforcement |
54 Idaho Law Review 409 (2018) |
This Article examines the long shadow cast on local policing by Terry v. Ohio, tracing the impact of Terry's progeny on state legislative campaigns focused on immigration enforcement. The policing tools afforded by Terry's progeny have an unmistakable presence-deterring effect on communities of color--so painfully illustrated in New York City... |
2018 |
| Gracen Eiland |
ERASING RACE: THE ROLE OF REPUBLICANISM AND RACISM IN FRENCH CONSTITUTIONAL JURISPRUDENCE |
35 Temple International and Comparative Law Journal 167 (Summer, 2021) |
In the summer of 2018, France's parliament voted to remove the word race from the country's constitution in an effort to pursue its colorblind approach to combatting racism. Traditional French secularism stresses the non-existence of race, but by refusing to acknowledge race, France also refuses to acknowledge the reality of racism within its... |
2021 |
| Sherley E. Cruz |
ESSENTIALLY UNPROTECTED |
96 Tulane Law Review 637 (April, 2022) |
Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. --Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the American public has relied on essential low-wage workers to provide... |
2022 |
| Luz E. Herrera, Taylor Garner, Crystal Hernandez, Lisa Mares |
ESTABLISHING A CONDITIONAL DRIVER PERMIT IN TEXAS |
24 Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice 385 (2023) |
Introduction. 386 I. Part One: Responding to the Needs of the State's Population. 388 A. Who Benefits from Conditional Driver Permits?. 389 B. Public Safety. 390 C. Specific Texan Population. 392 1. Victims of Natural Disaster. 392 2. Texas Experiencing Homelessness. 403 3. Family Violence Victims. 408 4. Immigrant Families. 412 II. Part Two: State... |
2023 |
| Bill Ong Hing |
Ethics, Morality, and Disruption of U.s. Immigration Laws |
63 University of Kansas Law Review 981 (May, 2015) |
Immigrants and immigrant rights advocates knew we were in trouble when a Ku Klux Klan knight called for shooting unaccompanied children (UACs) arriving at the border and the Obama administration expedited removal proceedings of UACs and children arriving at the border with other family members. Indeed, the Loyal White Knights of the Klan advocate... |
2015 |
| Lan Cao |
ETHNIC ECONOMIES, CULTURAL RESOURCES, AND THE AFRICAN AMERICAN QUESTION |
91 University of Cincinnati Law Review 303 (2022) |
Ethnic economies are complex. Scholars have debated their many facets, starting with basic questions like how and why they are formed to the thornier philosophical issues surrounding their establishment and functioning. At its core, ethnic economies depend on the creation of an in-group, which conversely, means drawing a line that distinguishes... |
2022 |
| Felix B. Chang |
ETHNICALLY SEGMENTED MARKETS: KOREAN-OWNED BLACK HAIR STORES |
97 Indiana Law Journal 479 (Winter, 2022) |
Races often collide in segmented markets where buyers belong to one ethnic group while sellers belong to another. This Article examines one such market: the retail of wigs and hair extensions for African Americans, a multi-billion-dollar market controlled by Korean Americans. Although prior scholarship attributed the success of Korean American... |
2022 |
| Anna Welch, Emily Gorrivan |
ETHNO-NATIONALISM AND ASYLUM LAW |
74 Maine Law Review 187 (2022) |
Abstract Introduction I. The Ethno-Nationalist Roots of the United States Asylum System A. Pre-World War II: The Foundation a. The Chinese Exclusion Era b. National Origin Quotas and the Undesirable Aliens Act B. The Aftermath of World War II a. From 1967 to 1980, the United States Failed its Signatory Obligations b. 1980: Incorporation of the... |
2022 |
| Antonios Kouroutakis |
Eu Action Plan Against Disinformation: Public Authorities, Platforms and the People |
53 International Lawyer 277 (2020) |
Democracy is a technology of governance. The spread of democracy--the so called democratization--took place progressively and in waves. According to Huntington, the first wave started in 1820, the second with the end of World War II, and the third wave in 1974. Remarkably, before the end of World War II, democracy was close to extinction as only... |
2020 |