AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearKey Term in Title or Summary
Jordana R. Goodman SY-STEM-IC BIAS: AN EXPLORATION OF GENDER AND RACE REPRESENTATION ON UNIVERSITY PATENTS 87 Brooklyn Law Review 853 (Spring, 2022) Women and people of color have been systemically excluded from participation in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields in the United States for centuries. This inability to participate, coupled with disparate abilities to own and control property, created STEM access gaps still evident in the United States today. In the... 2022  
Kevin R. Johnson SYSTEMIC RACISM IN THE U.S. IMMIGRATION LAWS 97 Indiana Law Journal 1455 (Spring, 2022) This Essay analyzes how aggressive activism in a California mountain town at the tail end of the nineteenth century commenced a chain reaction resulting in state and ultimately national anti-Chinese immigration laws. The constitutional immunity through which the Supreme Court upheld those laws deeply affected the future trajectory of U.S.... 2022  
Vinay Harpalani TESTING THE LIMITS: ASIAN AMERICANS AND THE DEBATE OVER STANDARDIZED ENTRANCE EXAMS 73 South Carolina Law Review 759 (Spring, 2022) I. Introduction. 759 II. Social, Political, and Historical Context. 762 A. Racial Triangulation. 762 B. Model Minority to Peril of the Mind. 763 C. Negative Action and Affirmative Action. 766 III. Controversies over Standardized Entrance Exams. 770 A. College Entrance Exams and the Test-Blind Movement. 771 B. New York City's Specialized High... 2022  
Laura M. Padilla THE BLACK--WHITE PARADIGM'S CONTINUING ERASURE OF LATINAS: SEE WOMEN LAW DEANS OF COLOR 99 Denver Law Review 683 (Summer, 2022) The Black-white paradigm persists with unintended consequences. For example, there have been only six Latina law deans to date with only four presently serving. This Article provides data about women law deans of color, the dearth of Latina law deans, and explanations for the data. It focuses on the enduring Black-white paradigm, as well as other... 2022 yes
Tom I. Romero, II THE COLOR OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT: OBSERVATIONS OF A BROWN BUFFALO ON RACIAL IMPACT STATEMENTS IN THE MOVEMENT FOR WATER JUSTICE 25 CUNY Law Review 241 (Summer, 2022) This Article advocates for the adoption of racial impact statements (RIS) in local government decision making, particularly among water utilities. Situated in the larger history of water and climate injustice in Colorado and the arid American West, this Article examines ways that racially minoritized communities engage and contest legal and... 2022  
Maytal Gilboa THE COLOR OF PAIN: RACIAL BIAS IN PAIN AND SUFFERING DAMAGES 56 Georgia Law Review 651 (Spring, 2022) For more than half a century, our legal system has formally eschewed race-based discrimination, and nearly every field of law has evolved to increase protections for minority groups historically burdened by racial prejudice. Yet, even today, juries in tort actions routinely consider a plaintiff's race when calculating compensatory tort damages, and... 2022 yes
Craig Haney, Eileen L. Zurbriggen, Joanna M. Weill , Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz THE CONTINUING UNFAIRNESS OF DEATH QUALIFICATION: CHANGING DEATH PENALTY ATTITUDES AND CAPITAL JURY SELECTION 28 Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 1 (February, 2022) The present research examines whether and how the biasing effects of the death qualification process--the unique procedure by which prospective jurors are screened for eligibility on the basis of their death penalty attitudes--have been affected by the changing landscape of opinions about capital punishment. In-depth telephone surveys were... 2022  
Veronikah Warms THE COST OF INJUSTICE: HOW TEXAS'S "BAIL REFORM" KEEPS LOW-INCOME PEOPLE & PEOPLE OF COLOR BEHIND BARS 27 Texas Journal on Civil Liberties & Civil Rights 273 (Spring, 2022) The term Latinx is used in this piece in keeping with academic convention. Latinx is widely used in academic contexts and is more inclusive of nonbinary people in the sense that it is gender neutral, yet it has not been widely accepted in the community. See Luisa Torregrosa, Many Latinos say Latinx offends or bothers them. Here's why., NBC... 2022 yes
Vince Mancini THE COURT'S GERRYMANDERING CONUNDRUM: HOW HYPER-PARTISANSHIP IN POLITICS ALTERS THE RUCHO DECISION 2022 Utah Law Review 1135 (2022) The Supreme Court's recent decision in Rucho v. Common Cause was the latest in a line of opinions regarding reviewability of gerrymandering claims related to the constitutionally required decennial state redistricting process. In Rucho, the Court altered the course of future electoral processes and held that partisan gerrymandering claims were... 2022  
Ngozi Okidegbe THE DEMOCRATIZING POTENTIAL OF ALGORITHMS? 53 Connecticut Law Review 739 (February, 2022) Jurisdictions are increasingly embracing the use of pretrial risk assessment algorithms as a solution to the problem of mass pretrial incarceration. Conversations about the use of pretrial algorithms in legal scholarship have tended to focus on their opacity, determinativeness, reliability, validity, or their (in)ability to reduce high rates of... 2022  
Paula Natalia Barreto Parra , Vladimir Atanasov , Jeff Whittle , John Meurer , Qian (Eric) Luo , Ruohao Zhang , Bernard Black THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE ELDERLY: POPULATION FATALITY RATES, COVID MORTALITY PERCENTAGE, AND LIFE EXPECTANCY LOSS 30 Elder Law Journal 33 (2022) Funding and Competing Interest Statement: This project was funded by the National Institutes of Health, award 3 UL1 TR001436-06S1, and was approved by the Medical College of Wisconsin Human Research Review Board. The authors have no competing interests. Keywords: COVID-19; life expectancy; COVID mortality rates. The COVID-19 pandemic has... 2022  
Jeff Kukucka, Ashley M. Horodyski, Christina M. Dardis, Department of Psychology, Towson University THE EXONEREE HEALTH AND LIFE EXPERIENCES (EXHALE) STUDY: TRAUMA EXPOSURE AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG WRONGLY CONVICTED INDIVIDUALS 28 Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 387 (August, 2022) The exoneree population is growing rapidly, and legislatures are increasingly contemplating whether and how to better support exonerees' reentry, yet our understanding of exonerees' mental health and other postrelease needs remains somewhat limited. The current study measured trauma exposure and mental health, including various protective and risk... 2022 yes
Brendan Williams THE EXPENDABLES: HISPANIC WORKERS IN THE U.S. DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC 13 Alabama Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review 119 (2021-2022) I. Essential Work. 121 II. Health Care Inequities. 127 III. White Privilege and Opposition to COVID-19 Safeguards. 136 IV. Conclusion. 141 2022 yes
André Douglas Pond Cummings , Steven A. Ramirez THE ILLINOIS CANNABIS SOCIAL-EQUITY PROGRAM: TOWARD A SOCIALLY JUST PEACE IN THE WAR ON DRUGS? 53 Loyola University Chicago Law Journal 793 (Summer, 2022) Laudably, when Illinois legalized the recreational use of cannabis, it also sought to repair the damage wrought by the War on Drugs (WOD) through its social-equity initiatives. That harm included excessive and disproportionate incarceration in communities of color, over-policing within those communities, and all of the social and economic harms... 2022  
Taleed El-Sabawi, Jennifer Oliva THE INFLUENCE OF WHITE EXCEPTIONALISM ON DRUG WAR DISCOURSE 94 Temple Law Review 649 (Summer, 2022) For much of its history, the United States has adopted a punitive approach to escalating overdose rates and addiction through the prohibition or stringent regulation of drugs deemed dangerous or habit forming. The policy tools used to support this approach rely on criminal punishment for the possession and sale of such substances and are based on... 2022 yes
Jad G. Elchahal THE IOWA GENERAL ASSEMBLY MUST ACT TO PROTECT THE PERSONAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF TENANTS 108 Iowa Law Review 409 (November, 2022) ABSTRACT: In Iowa, thirty percent of all households rent rather than own. At the termination of a rental agreement, or after abandonment is established, Iowa's current case law gives landlords the power to enter the leased premises and take possession of any remaining personal property without notice to the tenant. In Iowa, residential, commercial,... 2022  
Janel A. George THE MYTH OF MERIT: THE FIGHT OF THE FAIRFAX COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD AND THE NEW FRONT OF MASSIVE RESISTANCE 49 Fordham Urban Law Journal 1091 (October, 2022) Introduction. 1091 I. The Consequences of Colorblindness. 1095 A. Retreat and Resegregation: The Gradual Erosion of Brown. 1095 B. Parents Involved and Race-Neutral Policies. 1100 II. The Battle for TJ. 1103 A. The Nation's Top Public High School Struggles to Diversify. 1103 B. George Floyd and Thomas Jefferson: Past and Present Collide. 1109 III.... 2022  
Carla Laroche THE NEW JIM AND JANE CROW INTERSECT: CHALLENGES TO DEFENDING THE PARENTAL RIGHTS OF MOTHERS DURING INCARCERATION 12 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 517 (July, 2022) I. Introduction. 518 II. The New Jim Crow & The New Jane Crow: Background. 523 A. The New Jim Crow & Gender. 524 B. The New Jane Crow's Framework. 527 III. Tattered Access to Effective Parents' Counsel. 532 A. Defense Counsel's Potential Bias, Time, & Caseload Constraints. 533 B. Defense Strategy. 535 C. Case Preparation & Communication with... 2022  
Shaun Ossei-Owusu THE NEW PENAL BUREAUCRATS 170 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 1389 (June, 2022) Introduction. 1390 I. The Same Legal Problems. 1400 A. Criminal Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy. 1400 B. Law School Socialization. 1407 C. Demographics. 1413 II. The New Penal Bureaucrats. 1420 A. Generational Change in the Legal Profession. 1421 B. Prosecution Reimagined. 1426 C. Indigent Defense Rebooted. 1433 III. Provocation... 2022  
Sarah Somers , Jane Perkins THE ONGOING RACIAL PARADOX OF THE MEDICAID PROGRAM 16 Journal of Health & Life Sciences Law 96 (2022) ABSTRACT: Medicaid, the largest public health insurance program for low-income people, has since 1965 extended health coverage to millions of people, including people of color. At the same time, is has perpetuated disparities based on race. Central in the paradox of Medicaid is that racism is baked into the program, yet it has transformed... 2022  
Rachel Rebouché THE PUBLIC HEALTH TURN IN REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS 68 Practical Lawyer 3 (Oct-22) Over the last decade, public health research has demonstrated the short-term, long-term, and cumulative costs of delayed or denied abortion care. These costs are largely imposed on people who share common characteristics: abortion patients are predominantly low-income and disproportionately people of color. Public health evidence, by establishing... 2022  
Dalia Castillo-Granados , Rachel Leya Davidson , Laila L. Hlass , Rebecca Scholtz THE RACIAL JUSTICE IMPERATIVE TO REIMAGINE IMMIGRANT CHILDREN'S RIGHTS: SPECIAL IMMIGRANT JUVENILES AS A CASE STUDY 71 American University Law Review 1779 (June, 2022) The immigration legal system has codified and perpetuated racial violence in many ways, yet the experiences of young people of color in this system have yet to be deeply examined. This Article surfaces the distinct and varied racialized harms that children experience in the immigration system through the example of Special Immigrant Juveniles.... 2022  
Aurora J. Grutman THE RACIAL WEALTH GAP IS A RACIAL HEALTH GAP 110 Kentucky Law Journal 723 (2021-2022) Table of Contents. 723 Introduction. 724 I. Race-Based Income and Wealth Inequalities. 725 II. Race-Based Health Inequalities. 729 III. The Interrelationship of Health and Wealth. 735 Conclusion. 737 2022  
Anne Barnhill, A. Susana Ramírez, Marice Ashe, Amanda Berhaupt-Glickstein, Nicholas Freudenberg, Sonya A. Grier, Karen E. Watson, Shiriki Kumanyika THE RACIALIZED MARKETING OF UNHEALTHY FOODS AND BEVERAGES: PERSPECTIVES AND POTENTIAL REMEDIES 50 Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 52 (Spring, 2022) Keywords: Race and Ethnicity, Food and Beverage Marketing, Targeted Marketing, Health Equity, Structural Racism Abstract: We propose that marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to Black and Latino consumers results from the intersection of a business model in which profits come primarily from marketing an unhealthy mix of products, standard... 2022 yes
André Douglas Pond Cummings, Steven A. Ramirez THE RACIST ROOTS OF THE WAR ON DRUGS & THE MYTH OF EQUAL PROTECTION FOR PEOPLE OF COLOR 44 University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review 453 (Spring, 2022) By 2021, the costs and pain arising from the propagation of the American racial hierarchy reached such heights that calls for anti-racism and criminal justice reform dramatically expanded. The brutal murder of George Floyd by the Minneapolis police vividly proved that the social construction of race in America directly conflicted with supposed... 2022  
John Whitlow THE REAL ESTATE STATE AND GROUP-DIFFERENTIATED VULNERABILITY TO PREMATURE DEATH: EXPLORING THE POLITICAL-ECONOMIC ROOTS OF COVID-19'S RACIALLY DISPARATE DEADLINESS IN NEW YORK CITY IN THE SPRING OF 2020 35 Journal of Civil Rights & Economic Development 245 (Spring, 2022) Tell me how you die and I will tell you who you are. [I]n our time all politics is about real estate; and this from the loftiest statecraft to the most petty maneuvering around local advantage. In May 2020, after several bleak months in which Covid-19 took the lives of thousands of New York City's most vulnerable residents, a vigil was held in... 2022  
Morgan Stutts, Joseph R. Cohen, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign THE ROLE OF HOPELESSNESS AND PROCEDURAL JUSTICE ON DEPRESSOGENIC OUTCOMES IN SERIOUS ADOLESCENT OFFENDERS 46 Law and Human Behavior 415 (December, 2022) Objective: Despite increasing depression and suicide rates in justice-system-involved youth, little is known about depressogenic risk factors in this population. Therefore, we explored how levels of and changes in hopelessness and perceptions of procedural justice predicted depressive and suicidal outcomes in justice-system-involved youth.... 2022  
Shanda K. Sibley THE UNCHOSEN: PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS IN CRIMINAL SPECIALTY COURT SELECTION 43 Cardozo Law Review 2261 (August, 2022) Specialized criminal courts were created in an effort to offer nonpunitive responses to the commission of crime. The promise of these courts was that they would remove select populations from the traditional legal system and offer them something different, and perhaps better, than mere punishment and incapacitation. However, the current selection... 2022  
William J. Aceves THE WATTS GANG TREATY: HIDDEN HISTORY AND THE POWER OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS 57 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 115 On the eve of the 1992 Los Angeles uprising, a small group of gang leaders and community activists drafted an agreement to curtail violence in south Los Angeles. Several gangs in Watts accepted the truce and established a cease-fire agreement. By most accounts, the 1992 Watts Gang Treaty succeeded in reducing gang violence in Los Angeles. Local... 2022  
Medha D. Makhlouf TOWARDS RACIAL JUSTICE: THE ROLE OF MEDICAL-LEGAL PARTNERSHIPS 50 Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 117 (Spring, 2022) Keywords: Medical-Legal Partnership, Health Equity, Structural Determinants of Health, Racism, Poverty Abstract: Medical-legal partnerships (MLPs) integrate knowledge and practices from law and health care in pursuit of health equity. However, the MLP movement has not reached its full potential to address racial health inequities, in part because... 2022  
Alina Ball TRANSACTIONAL COMMUNITY LAWYERING 94 Temple Law Review 397 (Spring, 2022) The racial reckoning during the summer of 2020 presented a renewed call to action for movement lawyers committed to collaborating with mobilized clients to advance racial equity and economic justice. During the last thirty years, community lawyering scholarship has made significant interventions into poverty lawyering and provides the theoretical... 2022  
Kevin Johnson , Raquel Aldana , José Padilla, Amagda Pérez, Thomas Saenz , Opening Remarks, Moderator, Panelists TRANSCRIPT: THE CIVIL RIGHTS LEGACY OF JUSTICE CRUZ REYNOSO 26 U.C. Davis Social Justice Law Review 132 (Winter, 2022) The family of Justice Cruz Reynoso released the following announcement upon his death in May 2021: On May 7, 2021, former California Supreme Court Associate Justice, law professor, and civil rights activist Cruz Reynoso passed away at age 90, surrounded by his family. Reynoso was born on May 2, 1931, in Brea, California, to Francisca Ramirez... 2022  
Ann E. Tweedy TRIBES, FIREARM REGULATION, AND THE PUBLIC SQUARE 55 U.C. Davis Law Review 2625 (June, 2022) We stand at a crossroads with the United States Supreme Court seemingly poised, in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen, to expand the right of individualized self-defense first recognized in District of Columbia v. Heller, and shortly thereafter extended to states in McDonald v. City of Chicago. The Court's decision in Heller has... 2022  
Yael Cannon UNMET LEGAL NEEDS AS HEALTH INJUSTICE 56 University of Richmond Law Review 801 (Symposium 2022) In 2021, Attorney General Merrick Garland issued a call to action to the legal community. The Supreme Court had recently invalidated the nationwide eviction moratorium that was issued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, and concerns were mounting about an impending tsunami of... 2022  
Bertrall L. Ross II , Douglas M. Spencer VOTER DATA, DEMOCRATIC INEQUALITY, AND THE RISK OF POLITICAL VIOLENCE 107 Cornell Law Review 1011 (May, 2022) Campaigns' increasing reliance on data-driven canvassing has coincided with a disquieting trend in American politics: a stark gap in voter turnout between the rich and poor. Turn-out among the poor has remained low in modern elections despite legal changes that have dramatically decreased the cost of voting. In this Article, we present evidence... 2022  
Jelani Jefferson Exum , David Niven WHERE BLACK LIVES MATTER LESS: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF BLACK VICTIMS ON SENTENCING OUTCOMES IN TEXAS CAPITAL MURDER CASES FROM 1973 TO 2018 66 Saint Louis University Law Journal 677 (Summer, 2022) The systemic disregard for Black lives in America was on full display when footage of a police officer kneeling on the neck of George Floyd went viral. Mr. Floyd's resultant death set off protests declaring that Black Lives Matter throughout the nation and across the world. While national attention rightfully turned to demanding police... 2022  
Brielle Autumn Brown WHERE'S MY BALLOT?: WHY CONGRESS SHOULD AMEND HOUSE BILL H.R.1 TO INCLUDE A NATIONAL MANDATE OF DROP BOXES FOR FEDERAL ELECTIONS TO HELP PROTECT THE BLACK VOTE 14 Drexel Law Review 405 (2022) Casting a ballot should be easy, but voter suppression continues to be an obstacle for many Black voters. The failure during Reconstruction to address Black suffrage, together with the proliferation of Jim Crow laws, enabled states to abridge the right to vote based on race. The Fifteenth Amendment was intended to eliminate racial restrictions at... 2022  
Osamudia James WHITE INJURY AND INNOCENCE: ON THE LEGAL FUTURE OF ANTIRACISM EDUCATION 108 Virginia Law Review 1689 (December, 2022) In the wake of the racial reckoning of 2020, antiracism education attracted intense attention and prompted renewed educator commitments to teach more explicitly about the function, operation, and harm of racism in the United States. The increased visibility of antiracism education engendered sustained critique and opposition, resulting in... 2022  
Marissa Jackson Sow WHITENESS AS CONTRACT 78 Washington and Lee Law Review 1803 (2022) 2020 forced scholars, policymakers, and activists alike to grapple with the impact of twin pandemics--the COVID-19 pandemic, which has devastated Black and Indigenous communities, and the scourge of structural and physical state violence against those same communities--on American society. As atrocious acts of anti-Black violence and harassment... 2022  
Caroline Lewis Bruckner , Jonathan Barry Forman WOMEN, RETIREMENT, AND THE GROWING GIG ECONOMY WORKFORCE 38 Georgia State University Law Review 259 (Winter, 2022) Gig work--the selling or renting of labor, effort, skills, and time outside of traditional employment--is a long-standing feature of the U.S. economy. Today, millions of online gig workers sell goods and services, or rent rooms, houses, vehicles, and other assets using apponline and app-based platforms (for example, Uber, Lyft, Rover, DoorDash,... 2022  
Richard Spradlin ZONING, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND RECLAMATION: OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN A FLOWERING INDUSTRY 23 Vermont Journal of Environmental Law 374 (Summer, 2022) Introduction. 375 I. Racialized Criminalization and Attempted Restoration. 377 A. Criminalization. 377 B. Legalization. 379 1. Canna-colonialism. 379 II. Relationship Between the Environment and Cannabis Cultivation/Production. 383 III. EJ and Cannabis: Considerations and Opportunities. 389 A. Zoning, Licensing, and Community Rebuilding. 390 B.... 2022  
Sarah Fishel "BE A LIE IF I TOLD YOU THAT I NEVER THOUGHT OF DEATH": USING JUDICIAL DISCRETION TO CONSIDER ANTICIPATED EARLY DEATH DURING SENTENCING 13 Drexel Law Review 707 (2021) Prevalent in street culture for generations, the idea that youth who are subject to daily violence internalize that chaos into an expectation of dying young is fairly new to social-legal settings. Anticipated early death has been advanced as a theory in recent years by researchers who argue that youth exposed to this violence and chaos early in... 2021  
Michael Heise, Jason P. Nance "DEFUND THE (SCHOOL) POLICE"? BRINGING DATA TO KEY SCHOOL-TO-PRISON PIPELINE CLAIMS 111 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 717 (Summer, 2021) Nationwide calls to Defund the Police, largely attributable to the resurgent Black Lives Matter demonstrations, have motivated derivative calls for public school districts to consider defunding (or modifying) school resource officer (SRO/police) programs. To be sure, a school's SRO/police presence-- and the size of that presence--may... 2021  
Nancy Chi Cantalupo "I THINK YOU DIDN'T GET IT BECAUSE THEY MISIDENTIFIED YOU AS LATINA": A COMMENTARY ON MULTIRACIALS AND CIVIL RIGHTS: MIXED-RACE STORIES OF DISCRIMINATION 34 Journal of Civil Rights & Economic Development 39 (Spring, 2021) Liz was interviewing for a tenure-track, entry-level law faculty position at Law School X, ranked (in that year) around 100. She had heard a rumor that the law school was determined to hire a person who would add to the diversity of the faculty, which was both White- and male-dominated. Liz's job talk, a presentation on a current article that... 2021 Yes
Ada K. Wilson, Esq. , Dr. Timothy J. Fair , Michael G. Morrison, II, Esq. "NEWTRALITY": A CONTEMPORARY ALTERNATIVE TO RACE-NEUTRAL PEDAGOGY 43 Campbell Law Review 171 (2021) This Article presents the findings of an interdisciplinary search for an alternative to race-neutral pedagogy. Ultimately, Motivated Awareness and Inclusive Integrity can build capacity for advancements in human understanding of the social sciences and inspire reconsideration of race-neutral standards which impede meaningful judicial review.... 2021  
Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Anthony V. Alfieri (RE)FRAMING RACE IN CIVIL RIGHTS LAWYERING, STONY THE ROAD: RECONSTRUCTION, WHITE SUPREMACY, AND THE RISE OF JIM CROW, BY HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR., PENGUIN PRESS, 2019 130 Yale Law Journal 2052 (June, 2021) This Review examines the significance of Henry Louis Gates, Jr.'s new book, Stony the Road: Reconstruction, White Supremacy, and the Rise of Jim Crow, for the study of racism in our nation's legal system and for the regulation of race in the legal profession, especially in the everyday labor of civil-rights and poverty lawyers, prosecutors, and... 2021  
Carrie L. Rosenbaum (UN)EQUAL IMMIGRATION PROTECTION 50 Southwestern Law Review 231 (2021) L1-3Table of Contents I. Introduction. 231 II. Equal Protection Intent Doctrine. 236 III. Immigration UnEqual Protection. 243 A. Equal Protection Challenges to Alienage Laws. 245 B. Equal Protection Challenges to Racially Discriminatory Immigration Laws. 246 IV. DHS v. Regents - Intentional Blindness Redoubled. 253 V. Conclusion. 260 2021  
Christopher Burton 3/5THS TO 1/10TH, HOW TO MAKE BLACK AMERICA WHOLE: EXPLORING CONGRESSIONAL ACT H.R.40--COMMISSION TO STUDY AND DEVELOP REPARATION PROPOSALS FOR AFRICAN-AMERICANS ACT 54 UIC John Marshall Law Review 530 (Summer, 2021) I. Introduction. 530 II. Background. 535 A. What Is H.R. 40?. 535 B. Historic Economic Disparities Among Black and White Americans. 537 1. The New Deal and Jim Crow. 538 2. The Racist Execution of the G.I. Bill. 541 C. History of Past Proposed Reparation Acts in the United States.. 544 1. Reparations to Japanese Americans Interned During World War... 2021  
Liel Levy, Natalie Fragkouli, Founders, Nanato Media 5 TIPS FOR CONNECTING TO THE HISPANIC COMMUNITY 40 Legal Management 9 (October, 2021) The 2020 Census confirmed what many expected: The Hispanic population in the United States is booming, increasing 23% since the 2010 Census. In fact, as of 2020, people identifying as Hispanic or Latino accounted for a whopping 19% of the population. Given the rapid growth, how much of a minority will they be in the next decade? Businesses are... 2021 Yes
Desirée D. Mitchell A CLASS OF ONE: MULTIRACIAL INDIVIDUALS UNDER EQUAL PROTECTION 88 University of Chicago Law Review 237 (January, 2021) When it comes to recognizing multiracial individuals under the Equal Protection Clause, courts have fallen short. Only rarely do courts explicitly identify multiracial plaintiffs as just that--multiracial. Instead, the majority of courts revert to a one-drop rule in which they view plaintiffs as only one part of their self-identified racial... 2021  
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