| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | key Terms in Title or Summary |
| Robin K. Magee |
The Myth of the Good Cop and the Inadequacy of Fourth Amendment Remedies for Black Men: Contrasting Presumptions of Innocence and Guilt |
23 Capital University Law Review 151 (1994) |
C1-3Table of Contents L1-2Introduction 153 I. The Myth of the Good Cop. 160 A. The Exclusionary Rule Cases. 161 B. Pretextual Activity. 167 C. Deference, Discretion, and Esteeming Police and Their Decisions. 172 1. Discretion and deference: defined. 173 a. Discretion. 174 i. identifying and scrutinizing the quantum of evidence under Terry as an; Search Snippet: ...Capital University Law Review 1994 THE MYTH OF THE GOOD COP AND THE INADEQUACY OF FOURTH AMENDMENT REMEDIES FOR BLACK MEN... |
1994 |
|
| Joseph D. McNamara |
The Police and Violent Crime |
51 Washington and Lee Law Review 491 (Spring, 1994) |
I am twenty-two years old and quite conscious of the newness of my blue uniform, leather gunbelt, and other equipment cops carry. I know I look like a rookie, but there's not much I can do about it. I am five feet, eight inches tall, the minimum height for a New York policeman, and cursed with a baby face that makes me look seventeen. It is Harlem,... |
1994 |
Yes |
| Julie M. Marcus |
Up Against the Wall: Municipal Liability for Police Brutality under Respondeat Superior |
18 Southern Illinois University Law Journal 655 (Spring, 1994) |
Police officers exercise the most awesome and dangerous power that a democratic state possesses with respect to its residentsthe power to use lawful force to arrest and detain them. Accompanying this formidable power is the inherent potential for abuse. Accordingly, the legal system and the community at large have long wrestled with the problem... |
1994 |
Yes |
| John P. Crank |
Watchman and Community: Myth and Institutionalization in Policing |
28 Law and Society Review 325 (1994) |
The author uses a conceptual framework grounded in theory of institutional process to assess developments in the theory of community-based policing. He suggests that two contemporary myths in policingthe myth of the police watchman and the myth of communityprovide core elements the theory. Both liberal and conservative advocates for reform have... |
1994 |
Yes |
| Douglas U. Rosenthal |
When K-9s Cause Chaos--an Examination of Police Dog Policies and Their Liabilities |
11 New York Law School Journal of Human Rights 279 (Spring, 1994) |
With a nick, nack, paddy whack, throw your dog a [suspect]. Although this nursery rhyme distortion grossly oversimplifies the law enforcement tactics employed by K-9 division police officers, nonetheless, the amount of force permissible in a K-9 assisted arrest has come under increasing scrutiny. More specifically, an intense controversy has... |
1994 |
Yes |
| Douglas L. Colbert |
Bifurcation of Civil Rights Defendants: Undermining Monell in Police Brutality Cases |
44 Hastings Law Journal 499 (March, 1993) |
C1-3Table of Contents I. The Historical Imperative Behind Section 1983. 510 A. The Civil Rights Act of 1866. 511 B. The Enforcement Act of 1871. 513 II. Judicial Construction of Section 1983. 518 A. Monroe v. Pape. 519 B. Monell v. Department of Social Services. 521 C. Owen v. City of Independence. 523 D. Recent Supreme Court Decisions. 525 III.... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Drew Patrick Gannon |
First Amendment Public Forum Analysis: Restrictions on the Right to Receive Information Upheld in Kreimer V. Bureau of Police |
97 Dickinson Law Review 411 (Winter, 1993) |
In Kreimer v. Bureau of Police for the Town of Morristown, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed a district court's decision which held unconstitutional a set of regulations pertaining to patron conduct in a public library that had closed its doors to a homeless man. In rejecting the district court's standard of review,... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Sally Gross-Farina |
Fit for Duty? Cops, Choirpractice, and Another Chance for Healing |
47 University of Miami Law Review 1079 (March, 1993) |
I. Introduction. 1080 II. Booze and the Badge. 1086 A. The Police/Alcohol Link. 1087 1. alcoholism's impact on society. 1087 2. police alcoholism. 1089 B. Alcoholism--The Disease. 1095 1. a fatal slippery slope. 1095 2. religion, genetics and the swat call-out. 1097 C. Alcoholism--Dynamics and Police Culture. 1099 1. the squad's disease. 1101 2; Search Snippet: ...of Miami Law Review March, 1993 Comment FIT FOR DUTY? COPS, CHOIRPRACTICE, AND ANOTHER CHANCE FOR HEALING Sally Gross-Farina Copyright... |
1993 |
|
| Matthew V. Hess |
Good Cop-bad Cop: Reassessing the Legal Remedies for Police Misconduct |
1993 Utah Law Review 149 (1993) |
We will not make justices, constables, sheriffs or bailiffs who do not know the law of the land and mean to observe it well. Magna Carta, 1215 A.D. Law enforcement occupies an important position in contemporary American society. Police officers are charged with enforcing the law, pursuing violators, and providing security for the public. In... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Stanley Z. Fisher |
Just the Facts, Ma'am: Lying and the Omission of Exculpatory Evidence in Police Reports |
28 New England Law Review Rev. 1 (Fall, 1993) |
C1-3Table of Contents I. Introduction. 2 II. The Reasons for Misleading Reports. 6 A. Introduction. 6 B. Police Lying and Deception. 9 C. The Place of Exculpatory Evidence in Police Reports: Police Norms and Practices. 17 1. Scholarship on Police Investigation Practices. 18 2. The Questionnaire. 22 3. Training Materials and Instruction. 26 D.... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Stanley Z. Fisher |
Just the Facts, Ma'am: Lying and the Omission of Exculpatory Evidence in Police Reports |
28 New England Law Review 1 (Fall, 1993) |
C1-3Table of Contents I. Introduction. 2 II. The Reasons for Misleading Reports. 6 A. Introduction. 6 B. Police Lying and Deception. 9 C. The Place of Exculpatory Evidence in Police Reports: Police Norms and Practices. 17 1. Scholarship on Police Investigation Practices. 18 2. The Questionnaire. 22 3. Training Materials and Instruction. 26 D; Search Snippet: ...FACTS, MA'AM: LYING AND THE OMISSION OF EXCULPATORY EVIDENCE IN POLICE REPORTS Stanley Z. Fisher [FNa] Copyright (c) 1993 by the... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Nancy J. King |
Postconviction Review of Jury Discrimination: Measuring the Effects of Juror Race on Jury Decisions |
92 Michigan Law Review 63 (October, 1993) |
In the spring of 1992, a state jury with no black members acquitted four white police officers charged with using excessive force to restrain black motorist Rodney King. Many Americans who had watched the relentlessly televised videotape of the officers delivering sixty-one baton blows in eighty-one seconds found the acquittals incredible. Some... |
1993 |
|
| Patricia G. Steinhoff |
Pursuing the Japanese Police |
27 Law and Society Review 827 (1993) |
David H. Bayley, Forces of Order: Policing Modern Japan. 2d ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. xvi+193 pp. $38.00 cloth; $13.00 paper. Peter J. Katzenstein & Yutaka Tsujinaka, Defending the Japanese State: Structure, Norms and the Political Responses to Terrorism and Violent Social Protest in the 1970s and 1980s. Cornell East Asian; Search Snippet: ...Law and Society Review 1993 Review Essay PURSUING THE JAPANESE POLICE Patricia G. Steinhoff [FNa1] Copyright (c) 1993 by The Law... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Sheri Lynn Johnson |
Racial Imagery in Criminal Cases |
67 Tulane Law Review 1739 (June, 1993) |
I. The Prevalence and Perniciousness of Racial Imagery in Criminal Cases. 1743 A. The Source and Setting of Racial Imagery. 1743 1. Pretrial Publicity. 1744 2. Before the Evidence-Voir Dire and Opening Statements. 1745 3. Testimony. 1746 4. Closing Arguments and Jury Instructions. 1748 5. Deliberations. 1749 B. Specific Stereotypes and Fears. 1750... |
1993 |
|
| Joseph F. Sheley |
Structural Influences on the Problem of Race, Crime, and Criminal Justice Discrimination |
67 Tulane Law Review 2273 (June, 1993) |
I. Introduction. 2273 II. Differential Crime Rates. 2275 III. Criminal Justice System Discrimination. 2276 VI. Policy Rooted in Causes. 2279 V. Structural Sources of Criminal Justice Bias. 2287 VI. Conclusion. 2290 |
1993 |
|
| Chris Braeske |
The Drug War Comes to a Highway near You: Police Power to Effectuate Highway "Narcotics Checkpoints" under the Federal and State Constitutions |
11 Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice 449 (June, 1993) |
On the night of July 30, 1992, law enforcement authorities set up a narcotics checkpoint on Interstate 35W south of Minneapolis, Minnesota, randomly stopping 650 cars. This checkpoint led to drug charges against seven people for possessing small amounts of marijuana. While Minnesota authorities have previously used this tactic to facilitate... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Alison L. Patton |
The Endless Cycle of Abuse: Why 42 U.s.c. § 1983 Is Ineffective in Deterring Police Brutality |
44 Hastings Law Journal 753 (March, 1993) |
When a police officer uses excessive force against an individual, that individual can sue the officer for violating her civil rights under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Section 1983 actions seek damages or injunctions against abusive police techniques. Years after Congress enacted section 1983, attorneys, legislators and citizens are questioning the statute's... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Paul Hoffman |
The Feds, Lies, and Videotape: the Need for an Effective Federal Role in Controlling Police Abuse in Urban America |
66 Southern California Law Review 1453 (May, 1993) |
I. INTRODUCTION. 1455 II. THE FACE OF POLICE ABUSE IN LOS ANGELES. 1461 A. The Rodney King Beating. 1461 B. The Social and Political Context of Police Abuse in Los Angeles. 1462 C. The Landscape of Police Abuse in Los Angeles. 1471 1. Excessive Force. 1473 2. Operation Hammer. 1475 3. Pretext Stops. 1476 4. Abuses by the LASD. 1478 5. Bad Apples'... |
1993 |
Yes |
| Amy B. Bloom |
A. Racial Classifications in Consent Decree Permissible to Ameliorate past Effects of Racial Discrimination-stuart V. Roache, 951 F.2d 446 (1st Cir.1991), Cert. Denied, 112 S.ct. 1948 (1992) |
26 Suffolk University Law Review 850 (Fall, 1992) |
The Fourteenth Amendment's guarantee of equal treatment to all citizens permits only those racial classifications that withstand strict scrutiny analysis. In Stuart v. Roache, the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit considered whether a consent decree that favored minority police officers for promotions solely because of their race remained... |
1992 |
|
| Eric S. Connuck |
Constitutional Law: the Viability of Section 1983 Actions in Response to Police Misconduct |
1990 Annual Survey of American Law 747 (April, 1992) |
Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act provides redress for allegations of police misconduct. It provides an aggrieved individual with a federal cause of action against both the offending police officer and the municipality for their constitutional torts. Because it is extremely intrusive upon individual liberties, police conduct involving the... |
1992 |
Yes |
| David Rudovsky |
Police Abuse: Can the Violence Be Contained? |
27 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 465 (Summer, 1992) |
Thirty years ago, in Monroe v. Pape, the United States Supreme Court first addressed the question of whether or not abuses committed by state police officers were subject to suit under the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871, popularly known as Section 1983. Monroe presented allegations of police abuse in a quintessential form: several heavily armed police... |
1992 |
Yes |
| Kevin P. Jenkins |
Police Use of Deadly Force Against Minorities: Ways to Stop the Killing |
9 Harvard BlackLetter Journal J. 1 (Spring, 1992) |
May I ask what we are killing him for when he steals an automobile and runs off with it? Are we killing him for stealing the automobile? If we catch him and try him, we throw every protection around him. We say he cannot be tried until 12 men of the grand jury indict him, and then he cannot be convicted until 12 men of the petit jury have proved... |
1992 |
Yes |
| Kevin P. Jenkins |
Police Use of Deadly Force Against Minorities: Ways to Stop the Killing |
9 Harvard BlackLetter Journal 1 (Spring, 1992) |
May I ask what we are killing him for when he steals an automobile and runs off with it? Are we killing him for stealing the automobile? If we catch him and try him, we throw every protection around him. We say he cannot be tried until 12 men of the grand jury indict him, and then he cannot be convicted until 12 men of the petit jury have proved; Search Snippet: ...Spring, 1992 Criminal Law: The Quest for Change and Equality POLICE USE OF DEADLY FORCE AGAINST MINORITIES: WAYS TO STOP THE... |
1992 |
Yes |
| Jeremy Rabkin |
Racial Progress and Constitutional Roadblocks |
34 William and Mary Law Review 75 (Fall, 1992) |
Civil rights has been a fierce political and ideological battleground over the past two decades. Advocates of a color blind Constitution condemn group entitlements as subverting individual rights and national cohesion. Defenders of racial preference policies, on the other hand, insist that only sustained government measures, including race... |
1992 |
|
| Josephine Chow |
Sticks and Stones Will Break My Bones, but Will Racist Humor?: a Look Around the World at Whether Police Officers Have a Free Speech Right to Engage in Racist Humor |
14 Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Journal 851 (October, 1992) |
Batten down the hatches, several thousand Zulus approaching from the North. We have his oriental buddy for 11364. Great . make sure u burn him if he's on felony probation . by the way does he need any breaking. Hi . just got mexercise for the night. Above are just a few examples of what police call blue humor. Covering the gamut of... |
1992 |
Yes |
| Allen T. McGlynn |
The Constitutional Ramifications of Calling a Police Officer an "Asshole." |
16 Southern Illinois University Law Journal 741 (Spring, 1992) |
A citizen's qualified right to speak out against the government and its agents is a cornerstone of the freedom of speech guaranteed by the First Amendment. Because an individual's right to free speech and the government's inherent distaste for criticism often collide, courts have had ample opportunities to explore the scope of protections offered... |
1992 |
Yes |
| Tracey L. McCain |
The Interplay of Editorial and Prosecutorial Discretion in the Perpetuation of Racism in the Criminal Justice System |
25 Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems 601 (Summer, 1992) |
The United States Constitution guarantees individuals charged with crimes a fair trial. The Constitution, however, does not guarantee that a suspect will not be stigmatized as a criminal before she is charged with a crime. Blind faith has been placed on safeguards within the courtroom and the trial process to protect the innocent, but these... |
1992 |
|
| Darlene Ricker |
Behind the Silence |
77-JUL ABA Journal 45 (July, 1991) |
The home video exploded on the nation's consciousness in early March: a display of official savagery like nothing the country has seen since Bull Connor. For seven minutes, the nation watched Los Angeles Police Sgt. Stacey Koon pull the wires of his stun gun and step out of the way of Officers Theodore Briseno, Timothy Wind and Laurence Powell so... |
1991 |
|
| |
Defining a Seizure -- Police Chases and Bus Sweeps: Florida V. Bostick and California V. Hodari D. |
105 Harvard Law Review Association 297 (November, 1991) |
Efforts to curb the distribution of illegal drugs have led to the use of controversial investigative tactics by police departments. Although law enforcement officers occasionally succeed in discovering narcotics, defendants frequently argue that these tactics violate the Fourth Amendment's prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures; Search Snippet: ...and Seizure 105 Harv. L. Rev. 77 DEFINING A SEIZURE -- POLICE CHASES AND BUS SWEEPS: FLORIDA v. BOSTICK AND CALIFORNIA v... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Lauren L. McFarlane |
Domestic Violence Victims V. Municipalities: Who Pays When the Police Will Not Respond? |
41 Case Western Reserve Law Review 929 (1991) |
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IS the most common type of assault in this country. With an estimated three to four million American women abused by husbands or intimate partners each year, domestic violence has become the primary cause of injury to women in the United States. Domestic assaults typically become more frequent and severe as time passes, sometimes... |
1991 |
Yes |
| William C. Heffernan , Richard W. Lovely |
Evaluating the Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule: the Problem of Police Compliance with the Law |
24 University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform 311 (Winter, 1991) |
How accurate are police officers' beliefs about constitutional rules of search and seizure? Andgiven the beliefs officers entertain about those ruleshow often do officers engage in acts they believe to be prohibited by law? These questions address issues of central importance for the fourth amendment exclusionary rule. The purpose of the... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Brent A. Rogers |
Florida V. Wells: the Supreme Court Bypasses an Opportunity to Protect Motorists from Abuses of Police Discretion |
77 Iowa Law Review 347 (October, 1991) |
Thousands of motor vehicles are impounded in the United States each day for a wide variety of traffic offenses. A business executive, a vacationing family, or a suspicious looking person with a criminal record all could have their vehicles impounded for the same traffic violation. However, local police department procedures may allow the impounding; Search Snippet: ...COURT BYPASSES AN OPPORTUNITY TO PROTECT MOTORISTS FROM ABUSES OF POLICE DISCRETION Brent A. Rogers [FNa] Copyright (c) 1991 by The... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Thomas A. Cinti |
Freedom Is Slavery : the Thought Police Have Come to America's Campuses |
1 Seton Hall Constitutional Law Journal 383 (Spring, 1991) |
I. INTRODUCTION. 383 II. BACKGROUND. 385 III. CONTENT BASED REGULATION OF SPEECH. 388 A. Libel. 391 B. Fighting Words and Incitement to Unlawful Acts. 394 IV. SUPPORTERS OF STUDENT CONDUCT REGULATIONS. 396 A. The First Amendment Traditionalists'. 397 B. The First Amendment Revisionists'. 402 V. THE CASE FOR LIBERTY. 407 APPENDIX. 410; Search Snippet: ...Law Journal Spring, 1991 FREEDOM IS SLAVERY [FNa1] : THE THOUGHT POLICE HAVE COME TO AMERICA'S CAMPUSES Thomas A. Cinti [FNaa1] Copyright... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Professor Irving Joyner |
Litigating Police Misconduct Claims in North Carolina |
19 North Carolina Central Law Journal 113 (1991) |
Police misconduct actions are designed to address grievances that citizens have against police officers for violating their constitutional rights or rights secured by federal statutes. Police misconduct litigation, however, is not the simplest area of constitutional or criminal law in which to practice. There are many pitfalls which an attorney may... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Emily J. Sack |
Police Approaches and Inquiries on the Streets of New York: the Aftermath of People V. De Bour |
66 New York University Law Review 512 (May, 1991) |
Right now, the police have to do what they have to do . . . . Unfortunately, there are good kids who are stopped and searched. But I've heard people say: In these times, I don't mind. My child being searched and having nothing is better than me seeing him in a coffin. Instead of us yelling about the constitutional rights of the kids . . . we have... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Michael Andrew Tesner |
Racial Paranoia as a Defense to Crimes of Violence: an Emerging Theory of Self-defense or Insanity? |
11 Boston College Third World Law Journal 307 (Summer, 1991) |
On December 22, 1984, four black youths rode together in the rear portion of a New York City subway car. At 14th Street in Manhattan, a lone white man boarded the train and sat down on a bench in the vicinity of the four youths. As the train began moving, two of the four youths approached the lone stranger, one of them requesting that he give them... |
1991 |
|
| Benjamin I. Whipple |
The Fourth Amendment and the Police Use of "Pain Compliance" Techniques on Nonviolent Arrestees |
28 San Diego Law Review 177 (February/March, 1991) |
Pain compliance is a catch-all phrase used to categorize a variety of pain-inducing techniques available to officers to persuade an uncooperative arrestee to comply with their demands. For example, an officer may place his or her fingers firmly on a subject's pressure points; may insert his or her fingers in a subject's nose and pull up; may; Search Snippet: ...Review February/March, 1991 Comment THE FOURTH AMENDMENT AND THE POLICE USE OF PAIN COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES ON NONVIOLENT ARRESTEES [FNa1] Benjamin... |
1991 |
Yes |
| James M. Ulam |
The Hearsay Rule: Are Telephone Calls Intercepted by Police Admissible to Prove the Truth of Matters Impliedly Asserted? |
11 Mississippi College Law Review 349 (Spring, 1991) |
Congress adopted the Federal Rules of Evidence in 1975. These rules are the culmination of a long process of work by lawyers, judges, scholars, and Congress. Federal Rule of Evidence 801 deals with hearsay which it defines as a statement, other than one made by the declarant while testifying at the trial or hearing, offered in evidence to prove; Search Snippet: ...1991 Note THE HEARSAY RULE: ARE TELEPHONE CALLS INTERCEPTED BY POLICE ADMISSIBLE TO PROVE THE TRUTH OF MATTERS IMPLIEDLY ASSERTED? United... |
1991 |
Yes |
| Tanya Kateri Hernandez |
Bias Crimes: Unconscious Racism in the Prosecution of "Racially Motivated Violence" |
99 Yale Law Journal 845 (January, 1990) |
Within the past four years, a perceived surge of bias crimes has seized the nation's attention. Bias crimes, physical acts of violence used as an outlet for prejudiced hostilities, are usually street crimes spontaneously committed by casual clusters of normal people on the street with very little advanced planning. This Note focuses on the... |
1990 |
|
| Jon M. Ripans |
Michigan Department of State Police V. Sitz: Sober Reflections on How the Supreme Court Has Blurred the Law of Suspicionless Seizures |
25 Georgia Law Review 199 (Fall, 1990) |
On May 18, 1986, the Michigan Department of State Police conducted a sobriety checkpoint in Saginaw County, Michigan, with the assistance of the local sheriff's department. Nineteen officers participated in the roadblock pursuant to guidelines that established procedures governing checkpoint operations, site selection, and publicity. All... |
1990 |
Yes |
| Tracey Maclin |
Seeing the Constitution from the Backseat of a Police Squad Car |
70 Boston University Law Review 543 (May, 1990) |
As an observer of the United States Supreme Court's criminal procedure docket, I often ask myself whether the Justices have a true picture of what has actually happened in a case. Did the police officer really see a bulge in the jacket as the suspect got out of his car, or did the officer simply make-up the claim to justify an illegal frisk? Was... |
1990 |
Yes |
| G. Flint Taylor |
Municipal Liability Litigation in Police Misconduct Cases from Monroe to Praprotnik and Beyond |
19 Cumberland Law Review 447 (1988/1989) |
At a time when the Supreme Court is about to decide several important questions concerning municipal liability, and the extension of various immunity defenses to a wide range of official defendants has become more and more common, it is particularly important to examine the present status of municipal liability under 42 U.S.C. 1983. More... |
1989 |
Yes |
| Donald B. Allegro |
Police Tactics, Drug Trafficking, and Gang Violence: Why the No-knock Warrant Is an Idea Whose Time Has Come |
64 Notre Dame Law Review 552 (1989) |
I won't let these people take our neighborhoods. People will probably accuse me of police harassment, but there is no other way. I won't let them win. Deputy Chief Jesse Brewer Los Angeles Police Department Since the organization of police forces in the United States, law enforcement forcement officers have accepted the threat of violence as a; Search Snippet: ...NOTRE DAME LAW REVIEW Notre Dame Law Review 1989 Note POLICE TACTICS, DRUG TRAFFICKING, AND GANG VIOLENCE: WHY THE NO-KNOCK... |
1989 |
Yes |
| Gary M. Bishop |
Section 1983 and Domestic Violence: a Solution to the Problem of Police Officers' Inaction |
30 Boston College Law Review 1357 (September, 1989) |
Violence against women is a serious problem in America today. Estimates of women battered yearly range from 1 million to 40 million, and a common estimate is that 1.5 million women are physically assaulted by their partner each year. Because the problem has become so prevalent, battered women must be able to rely upon the legal system to aid them.... |
1989 |
Yes |
| Robert E. Worden |
Situational and Attitudinal Explanations of Police Behavior: a Theoretical Reappraisal and Empirical Assessment |
23 Law and Society Review 667 (1989) |
This paper reappraises the value of situational and attitudinal variables as parts of a theory of police behavior. That situational factors affect officers' decisions to make arrests is well supported by empirical evidence; that officers' behavior is shaped by their attitudes and values is a common assumption even though it is supported only by; Search Snippet: ...on Law and the Family SITUATIONAL AND ATTITUDINAL EXPLANATIONS OF POLICE BEHAVIOR: A THEORETICAL REAPPRAISAL AND EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT Robert E. Worden... |
1989 |
Yes |
| Robert J. Sampson, Jacqueline Cohen |
Deterrent Effects of the Police on Crime: a Replication and Theoretical Extension |
22 Law and Society Review 163 (1988) |
This study replicates and then extends Wilson and Boland's (1978) theory of the deterrent effect of policing on crime rates in American cities by linking it to recent thinking on control of urban disorder and incivilities (Sherman, 1986; Skogan and Maxfield, 1981). The theory posits that police departments with a legalistic style tend to generate... |
1988 |
Yes |
| Daniel R. Ortiz |
Federalism, Reapportionment, and Incumbency: Leading the Legislature to Police Itself |
4 Journal of Law & Politics 653 (Spring, 1988) |
The last twenty-five years have witnessed a revolution in voting rights. Before 1962, the Constitution protected minority groups from only the most obvious forms of disenfranchisement. Federal legislative efforts to ensure access to the ballot were ineffective and malapportionment claims were not even justiciable under the Constitution. Since 1962,... |
1988 |
Yes |
| |
Iii. Racial Discrimination on the Beat: Extending the Racial Critique to Police Conduct |
101 Harvard Law Review 1494 (May, 1988) |
The infusion of racial bias into the criminal process is particularly troublesome at the policing stage because it is at that point that citizens first encounter the community's strongest normative commitments. The criminal law, more than any other set of legal prescriptions, expresses the community's deepest convictions as what behavior is... |
1988 |
Yes |
| Norval Morris |
Race and Crime: What Evidence Is There That Race Influences Results in the Criminal Justice System? |
72 Judicature 111 (August/September, 1988) |
I would like to talk about a topic that I find important, yet not much talked about. There is a problem in discussing this topic, and indeed many topics; nowadays, you can't finish framing the question before someone is giving you the answer. That disease is particularly prevalent among my colleagues who study economics and law combined, but I find... |
1988 |
|
| Seth F. Kreimer |
Releases, Redress, and Police Misconduct: Reflections on Agreements to Waive Civil Rights Actions in Exchange for Dismissal of Criminal Charges |
136 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 851 (January, 1988) |
For several years, the Supreme Court has echoed the emerging literature of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in encouraging disposition of legal disputes by means short of full-scale litigation. While this trend has not been without its critics, civil rights cases have been fertile fields for the growth of the Court's enthusiasm for negotiated... |
1988 |
Yes |