| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | key Terms in Title or Summary |
| John G. Malcolm |
The War on Cops: How the New Attack on Law and Order Makes Everyone less Safe, by Heather Mac Donald |
17 Federalist Society Review 68 (October, 2016) |
Note from the Editor: This book review supports the basic contentions of Heather Mac Donald's controversial book about crime and policing, while criticizing its tone and some of its assumptions. The Federalist Society takes no positions on particular legal and public policy matters. Any expressions of opinion are those of the author. Whenever we; Search Snippet: ...Federalist Society Review October, 2016 Book Review THE WAR ON COPS: HOW THE NEW ATTACK ON LAW AND ORDER MAKES EVERYONE... |
2016 |
|
| Jonathan Blanks |
Thin Blue Lies: How Pretextual Stops Undermine Police Legitimacy |
66 Case Western Reserve Law Review 931 (Summer, 2016) |
C1-2Contents Introduction. 931 I. The Role of Police Legitimacy. 932 II. The Social Impacts of Pretextual Stops. 933 III. Pretextual Stops Rest on Legal Fictions. 935 IV. Procedural Justice as Legitimacy Tool. 937 V. The Pretextual Stop is a Dishonest Practice Incompatible with Procedural Justice. 940 VI. Changing Institutional Incentives. 942 VII.... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Hallie Ryan, Jon Greenbaum |
Through the Technology Is New, Police Abuse Is Not |
42 Human Rights 22 (2016) |
This year marks the 25-year anniversary of the beating of Rodney King, an African American man, at the hands of four Los Angeles police officers. The incident created widespread attention because it was caught on videotape by a bystander who sent the recording to a local news station. The acquittal of all four officers sparked riots in Los Angeles... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Jeffrey L. Vagle |
Tightening the Ooda Loop: Police Militarization, Race, and Algorithmic Surveillance |
22 Michigan Journal of Race and Law 101 (Fall, 2016) |
This Article examines how military automated surveillance and intelligence systems and techniques, when used by civilian police departments to enhance predictive policing programs, have reinforced racial bias in policing. I will focus on two facets of this problem. First, I investigate the role played by advanced military technologies and methods... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Monu Bedi |
Toward a Uniform Code of Police Justice |
2016 University of Chicago Legal Forum 13 (2016) |
The recent (and seemingly consistent) news of police abuses has led to significant discussion on how best to curtail this conduct. A common reaction is that we need to do a better job of making sure that officers are subject to appropriate criminal sanctions for their behavior. While espousing a similar refrain, this Article takes a step back and... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Sunita Patel |
Toward Democratic Police Reform: a Vision for "Community Engagement" Provisions in Doj Consent Decrees |
51 Wake Forest Law Review 793 (Fall, 2016) |
The shooting of Trayvon Martin, an unarmed Black teenager in Florida, led three Black women to create #BlackLivesMatter. That hashtag has since become synonymous with a movement that condemns police violence and stands for the dignity and value of Black lives. Black Lives Matter has renewed discussion amongst academics, policy makers, think tanks,... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Melvin L. Otey |
Toward Improving Policing in African American Communities |
29 Journal of Civil Rights & Economic Development 67 (Fall, 2016) |
The distressed state of police relations with African American communities has enraptured national and international attention recently. Demonstrations and protests have persisted while pundits and interested parties have debated the matter in public and private spheres. No one can deny that disturbing problems exist, and reasonable people... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Arthur Rizer |
Trading Police for Soldiers: Has the Posse Comitatus Act Helped Militarize Our Police and Set the Stage for More Fergusons? |
16 Nevada Law Journal 467 (Spring 2016) |
Introduction. 468 I. The Posse Comitatus Act. 472 A. The History of Posse Comitatus. 473 1. The Roots of the Act. 473 2. The Forgotten Act. 476 3. The Act Is Reborn. 478 4. The Modern Act. 478 B. Judicial Application of the Act. 479 II. Exceptions and Variations to the Act. 482 A. Homeland Security Act of 2002. 483 B. Insurrection Act. 484 C.... |
2016 |
Yes |
| John T. Cigno |
Truth and Evidence: the Role of Police Officer Body Cameras in Reforming Connecticut's Criminal Justice System |
49 Connecticut Law Review 293 (November, 2016) |
Unresolved animosity between the public and the police has given rise to an Us vs. Them mentality. This divisive mentality perpetuates itself as the public extrapolates anecdotal evidence of misconduct to justify condemnation of the law-enforcement community as a whole. In response, many within that community find themselves entrenched behind a... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Alysha L. Bohanon |
Tweeting the Police: Balancing Free Speech and Decency on Government-sponsored Social Media Pages |
101 Minnesota Law Review 341 (November, 2016) |
Imagine that you are the police chief for a small suburban city in the Midwest. The department is considering launching an official Facebook page, where members of the community can receive updates on police business and new city ordinances, read about crime alerts or big cases solved, and interact with the department through public comments or; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW Minnesota Law Review November, 2016 Note TWEETING THE POLICE: BALANCING FREE SPEECH AND DECENCY ON GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED SOCIAL MEDIA... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Otis S. Johnson |
Two Worlds: a Historical Perspective on the Dichotomous Relations Between Police and Black and White Communities |
42 Human Rights Rts. 6 (2016) |
The collective memories and the current views of blacks and whites about their relationship with the police in the United States are very different. Pew Research Center and Gallup polling data have consistently found racial differences in the black and white views of how police deal with minorities. Gallup combined 2011-2014 data showed that blacks... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Otis S. Johnson |
Two Worlds: a Historical Perspective on the Dichotomous Relations Between Police and Black and White Communities |
42 Human Rights 6 (2016) |
The collective memories and the current views of blacks and whites about their relationship with the police in the United States are very different. Pew Research Center and Gallup polling data have consistently found racial differences in the black and white views of how police deal with minorities. Gallup combined 2011-2014 data showed that blacks; Search Snippet: ...TWO WORLDS: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE DICHOTOMOUS RELATIONS BETWEEN POLICE AND BLACK AND WHITE COMMUNITIES Otis S. Johnson [FNa1] Copyright... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Joseph B. Doherty |
Us Vs. Them: the Militarization of American Law Enforcement and the Psychological Effect on Police Officers & Civilians |
25 Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 415 (Spring 2016) |
I. INTRODUCTION. 416 II. BRIEF HISTORY OF THE MILITARIZATION OF AMERICA'S DOMESTIC LAW ENFORCEMENT. 417 A. Direct Militarization. 417 B. Indirect Militarization. 423 III. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF MILITARIZATION. 442 IV. REFORM. 445 A. Reduction of SWAT Deployments. 445 B. Reallocation of DHS Grants. 446 C. Elimination of the 1033 Program. 447 D.... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Stephen Rushin |
Using Data to Reduce Police Violence |
57 Boston College Law Review 117 (January, 2016) |
Congress passed the Death in Custody Reporting Act in 2014, which created a national database on civilian deaths caused by law enforcement. The Federal Bureau of Investigations and the Bureau of Justice Statistics have subsequently also announced new efforts to collect data on the frequency of deadly encounters between law enforcement and... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Devon W. Carbado, Patrick Rock |
What Exposes African Americans to Police Violence? |
51 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 159 (Winter 2016) |
Introduction. 160 I. How Racial Biases Produce Police Violence. 167 II. How Arrests, System Involvement/Incarceration, Police Insecurity, & Resistance to Authority Produce Police Violence. 173 A. Arrests. 173 B. System Involvement/Incarceration. 174 C. Police Insecurity. 175 1. Social Dominance Threat. 175 2. Physical Safety Threat. 179 3.... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Tiffany R. Murphy |
When Numbers Lie: the Underreporting of Police Justifiable Homicides |
21 Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law 42 (Spring, 2016) |
The Department of Justice's Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is tasked with tracking the number of police-involved homicides in a given year. Over a ten-year period, the BJS published the average number of police-involved homicides at 400 annually. However, the BJS's ability to provide accurate information in this area is woefully lacking because; Search Snippet: ...Law Spring, 2016 Article WHEN NUMBERS LIE: THE UNDERREPORTING OF POLICE JUSTIFIABLE HOMICIDES Tiffany R. Murphy [FNa1] Copyright © 2016 by Regents... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Vivian M. Rivera |
When the Police Get the Law Wrong: How Heien V. North Carolina Further Erodes the Fourth Amendment |
49 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 297 (2016) |
In the midst of nationwide anger and distrust in law enforcement following violent police confrontations around the country, the Supreme Court handed down a ruling in Heien v. North Carolina that increases the potential for police overreaching and abuse. In the spring of 2009, two Hispanic males in North Carolina were pulled over by the police for... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Joanna C. Schwartz |
Who Can Police the Police? |
2016 University of Chicago Legal Forum 437 (2016) |
Recent police killings have prompted a national conversation about the need for police reform. Most of the conversation has concerned the types of reforms that might improve policing. Equal consideration should be given to which actors can most effectively pursue these reforms. In this Essay, I suggest three qualities that police reformers need in... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Kate Levine |
Who Shouldn't Prosecute the Police |
101 Iowa Law Review 1447 (May, 2016) |
The job of investigating and prosecuting police officers who commit crimes falls on local prosecutors, as it has in the wake of a number of highly public killings of unarmed African-Americans since Michael Brown died in August 2014. Although prosecutors officially represent the people, there is no group more closely linked to... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Joshua Hegarty, Mitchell Hamline School of Law |
Who Watches the Watchmen? How Prosecutors Fail to Protect Citizens from Police Violence |
37 Mitchell Hamline Law Journal of Public Policy and Practice 305 (Fall, 2016) |
Prosecutors are arguably the most powerful agents of the criminal justice system. It is not an uncommon sentiment expressed within the legal community, whether for law students, practicing attorneys, and former prosecutors, that it is a position for attorneys who play to win. Prosecutors often do win, but in large part, it is because their... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Lewis R. Katz |
Whren at Twenty: Systemic Racial Bias and the Criminal Justice System |
66 Case Western Reserve Law Review 923 (Summer, 2016) |
Street relations between the police and African-American communities have seemingly reached new levels of conflict, or else body cams and cell phones are finally disclosing the extent and truth about such interactions. The Cleveland officers who shot and killed Tamir Rice claimed that they had ordered him three times to drop the realistic toy gun... |
2016 |
|
| Roseanna Sommers |
Will Putting Cameras on Police Reduce Polarization? |
125 Yale Law Journal 1304 (March, 2016) |
In the wake of national outrage and polarization over several high-profile police shootings of unarmed citizens, reformers have called for police officers to wear body cameras. This Note argues that, despite the seeming objectivity of the camera, video footage remains susceptible to biased interpretation by observers such as grand jurors. Reporting... |
2016 |
Yes |
| Danielle LaHee |
Youth Perspective: Stop and Frisk: Racial Profiling in Contemporary Urban America |
36 Children's Legal Rights Journal 62 (Spring, 2016) |
Stop and frisk is a policing practice in which an officer initiates the stop of a person based on alleged reasonable suspicion of criminal activity, questions them, and possibly frisks or searches them. Stop-and-frisk policy is frequently associated with New York City, particularly in the wake of Floyd, et al. v. City of New York, et al., which... |
2016 |
|
| Craig B. Futterman, Chaclyn Hunt, Jamie Kalven |
Youth/police Encounters on Chicago's South Side: Acknowledging the Realities |
2016 University of Chicago Legal Forum 125 (2016) |
This paper highlights the critical importance of acknowledging the reality of Black teenagers' experiences with the police. Public conversations about urban police practices tend to exclude the perspectives and experiences of young Black people, the citizens most affected by those practices. The aim of the Youth/Police Project--a collaboration of... |
2016 |
Yes |
| “Jake” James Cullen Evans |
A Criminal Justice System Without Justice: the News Media, Sports Media, & Rap's Influence on Racial Crime Disparities |
5 University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review 117 (Spring, 2015) |
Introduction. 117 I. Avenues of Influence in the American Criminal Justice System. 119 II. The News Media and Racial Stereotypes. 121 A. The Inaccuracy of the News Media's Reporting of Crime. 123 B. The News Media's Effect on Human Behavior and Opinions. 125 III. Contemporary Media and its Effects on Racial Stereotypes. 127 A. The Sports Media and... |
2015 |
|
| Cynthia Lee |
A New Approach to Voir Dire on Racial Bias |
5 UC Irvine Law Review 843 (November, 2015) |
Introduction. 843 I. Voir Dire. 847 A. The Process of Voir Dire. 848 B. The Supreme Court's Jurisprudence on Voir Dire into Racial Bias. 852 II. Social Science Research on Race Salience. 860 A. Implicit Bias. 860 B. Race Salience. 861 III. Social Science Research on Racial Perceptions of Crime and Support for Punitive Criminal Justice Policies. 863... |
2015 |
|
| Kindaka Sanders |
A Reason to Resist: the Use of Deadly Force in Aiding Victims of Unlawful Police Aggression |
52 San Diego Law Review 695 (August-September 2015) |
I. 695 II. Introduction. 698 III. Background on Defensive Force. 703 IV. Self-Defense as a Constitutional Right. 704 V. Defense of Others. 711 VI. Defense of Relatives as a Constitutional Right. 715 VII. The Use of Deadly Force Against Police Officials. 716 VIII. The Right to Rebel and Defense in Rebellion. 735 IX. Unlawful Police... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Brian Keith Leonard |
An Analysis of the Legal and Practical Implications of the Potential Increased Participation in Jury Service by Racial Minorities in the U.s. Criminal Justice System |
117 West Virginia Law Review 1365 (Spring, 2015) |
I. Introduction. 1366 II. History of Racial Minorities and Jury Service. 1367 A. Juror Qualifications. 1367 B. Jury Selection. 1370 III. Legal and Practical Barriers for Racial and Ethnic Minorities to Jury Service. 1372 A. Voter Registration Records. 1373 B. Juror Questionnaires. 1374 C. Felony Convictions. 1375 D. Lack of Adequate Education,... |
2015 |
|
| Decio Coviello, Nicola Persico |
An Economic Analysis of Black-white Disparities in the New York Police Department's Stop-and-frisk Program |
44 Journal of Legal Studies 315 (June, 2015) |
We introduce a model to explore the identification of two distinct sources of bias in the New York Police Department's stop-and-frisk program: the police officer making the stop decisions and the police chief allocating personnel across precincts. We analyze 10 years of data from the stop-and-frisk program in light of this theoretical framework. We... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Kevin W. Bufford |
Appellate Review -- the Split on the Proper Standard of Review for Police Video Evidence -- Scott V. Harris, 550 U.s. 372 (2007). |
39 American Journal of Trial Advocacy 447 (Fall, 2015) |
The recent public outcry in response to police shootings stemming from questionable circumstances of police-citizen encounters across the United States continues to occupy the news. Such unrest gave rise to a conversation concerning whether the implementation of police body cameras in every day policing would alleviate the unnecessary frequency of... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Gilbert Rivera |
Armed Not Militarized: Achieving Real Police Militarization |
20 Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law 227 (Fall 2015) |
Police Militarization is a hot-button topic. The highly publicized events in Ferguson, after the tragic death of Michael Brown, and the grand jury choosing not to press charges against police officer Darren Wilson, nationally showcased a militarized police response to public protests. Media coverage showed Ferguson police in armored vehicles,... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Stéphane Mechoulan, Nicolas Sahuguet |
Assessing Racial Disparities in Parole Release |
44 Journal of Legal Studies 39 (January, 2015) |
In a rational choice model of parole release, a color-blind parole board seeking to minimize violations would release all prisoners below a certain risk threshold. To test this prediction, we extend the outcome-test methodology used in assessing discrimination in police searches. We overcome the inframarginality critique by taking advantage of... |
2015 |
|
| Elizabeth E. Joh |
Bait, Mask, and Ruse: Technology and Police Deception |
128 Harvard Law Review Forum 246 (April, 2015) |
Deception and enticement have long been tools of the police, but new technologies have enabled investigative deceit to become more powerful and pervasive. Most of the attention given to today's advances in police technology tends to focus either on online government surveillance or on the use of algorithms for predictive policing or threat... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Linda Sheryl Greene |
Before and after Michael Brown --toward an End to Structural and Actual Violence |
49 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy Pol'y 1 (2015) |
Prologue--The Kerner Comission. 2 I. Introduction--Before and Beyond Michael Brown. 3 II. Reinterpreting Deadly Force. 3 A. The Benign Dominant Narrative. 3 B. The Insurgent Narrative. 3 C. A History of Racial Violence. 9 D. The Psychological Turn. 16 E. Deadly and Excessive Force and Police Culture. 17 III. A Structure of Violence. 20 A.... |
2015 |
|
| Linda Sheryl Greene |
Before and after Michael Brown --toward an End to Structural and Actual Violence |
49 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy 1 (2015) |
Prologue--The Kerner Comission. 2 I. Introduction--Before and Beyond Michael Brown. 3 II. Reinterpreting Deadly Force. 3 A. The Benign Dominant Narrative. 3 B. The Insurgent Narrative. 3 C. A History of Racial Violence. 9 D. The Psychological Turn. 16 E. Deadly and Excessive Force and Police Culture. 17 III. A Structure of Violence. 20 A; Search Snippet: ...of a Black teenager. The backstory involved the role of police departments and the criminal system in the lives of poor... |
2015 |
|
| Vickie Casanova Willis, Standish E. Willis |
Black People Against Police Torture: the Importance of Building a People-centered Human Rights Movement |
21 Public Interest Law Reporter 235 (Symposium, 2015) |
Sometimes history takes things into its own hands. - Thurgood Marshall That power concedes nothing without a demand is an oft-quoted concept. When Frederick Douglass made this declaration in 1857 as part of his West India Emancipation speech, he also foretold the Chicago Police Torture saga in stating Who would be free, themselves must strike... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Kami Chavis Simmons |
Body-mounted Police Cameras: a Primer on Police Accountability Vs. Privacy |
58 Howard Law Journal 881 (Spring, 2015) |
INTRODUCTION. 882 I. POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF USING BODY-MOUNTED CAMERAS. 884 A. Body-Mounted Cameras Offer an Objective Basis for Determining Whether an Officer Used Excessive Force. 884 B. Body-Mounted Cameras Serve as a Deterrent for Police Misconduct and Promote Officer Safety. 885 C. Body Cameras Can be a Powerful Training Tool and Can Correct... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Jonathan Abel |
Brady's Blind Spot: Impeachment Evidence in Police Personnel Files and the Battle Splitting the Prosecution Team |
67 Stanford Law Review 743 (April, 2015) |
The Supreme Court's Brady doctrine requires prosecutors to disclose favorable, material evidence to the defense, but in some jurisdictions, even well-meaning prosecutors cannot carry out this obligation when it comes to one critical area of evidence: police personnel files. These files contain valuable evidence of police misconduct that can be used... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Laura Merkey |
Building Trust and Breaking down the Wall: the Use of Restorative Justice to Repair Police-community Relationships |
80 Missouri Law Review 1133 (Fall, 2015) |
The town of Ferguson, Missouri, captured national attention when a grand jury failed to indict Darren Wilson, a white police officer who shot and killed Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, three months prior. Similar citizen deaths involving police in both New York City and Cleveland have magnified the tensions felt across the country, and in... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Lou Furman , Alison R. McCrary |
Building Trust in Law Enforcement: Community-police Mediation in New Orleans |
63 Louisiana Bar Journal 192 (October/November, 2015) |
I am awestruck by the ability and willingness of mediation participants to confront some of the most contentious issues affecting community-police relations in New Orleans and around the country, from issues of race and aggression, to notions of service, courtesy and shared responsibility. --Community-Police Mediator The U.S. Department of Justice... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Kevin Davis |
Candid Cameras |
101-JUN ABA Journal 15 (June, 2015) |
In the central Florida town of Windermere, population 3,000, its 10 patrol officers began wearing cameras in the autumn of 2013 to rebuild trust. The former chief, Daniel Saylor, had been arrested on perjury charges for providing false testimony during the sexual battery trial of a friend. Last year he was found guilty and sentenced to eight years; Search Snippet: ...National Pulse CANDID CAMERAS After Ferguson and North Charleston, More Police Are Learning to Deal with Wearing Body Cams Kevin Davis... |
2015 |
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| Eric J. Miller |
Challenging Police Discretion |
58 Howard Law Journal 521 (Winter, 2015) |
Law enforcement officials have tremendous discretion to determine the amount and style of policing that occurs in their jurisdiction. They decide which crimes or suspects to pursue, which communities or locations to target for policing, the best methods to prevent or respond to crime, and how best to balance prevention and detection. These policy... |
2015 |
Yes |
| |
Chapter Four Considering Police Body Cameras |
128 Harvard Law Review 1794 (April, 2015) |
One evening in early December 2014, thousands of people gathered on the historic Boston Common, not to view the annual Christmas-tree lighting, but to add their voices to a growing movement. They carried with them signs inscribed with the mantras of that movement--phrases like Hands Up, Don't Shoot and Black Lives Matter--and they joined... |
2015 |
Yes |
| |
Chapter Three Policing Immigrant Communities |
128 Harvard Law Review 1771 (April, 2015) |
José Antonio Elena Rodriguez was sixteen in October 2012 when a border patrol officer shot him repeatedly in the back and head. The officer--officials did not release his name for more than two years after the killing -- claimed José had thrown rocks at him from the Mexican side of the border. Prosecutors brought no charges. Anastasio Hernandez... |
2015 |
Yes |
| |
Chapter Two Policing Students |
128 Harvard Law Review 1747 (April, 2015) |
Jason Shade was a student at the Apple Valley Alternative Learning Center, an alternative high school in Minnesota. On the way to an off-campus shop class, Shade's teacher stopped at Burger King so the students could buy breakfast. Back on the bus, Shade had trouble opening the orange juice that he bought to have with his breakfast, so he asked the... |
2015 |
Yes |
| John J. Ryan |
Constitutional Law -- First Circuit Court of Appeals Upholds a Citizen's Right to Film a Police Officer During a Traffic Stop Absent a Reasonable Restriction -- Gericke V. Begin, 753 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2014). |
20 Suffolk Journal of Trial and Appellate Advocacy 155 (2014-2015) |
When a person acting under color of state law deprives a citizen of his federal constitutional rights, that citizen will have a remedy under Section 1983. In recent years, there have been a growing number of citizens alleging a violation of their First Amendment rights and bringing actions under § 1983 after suffering prosecution seemingly in; Search Snippet: ...COURT OF APPEALS UPHOLDS A CITIZEN'S RIGHT TO FILM A POLICE OFFICER DURING A TRAFFIC STOP ABSENT A REASONABLE RESTRICTION -- GERICKE... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Tonja Jacobi , Jonah Kind |
Criminal Innovation and the Warrant Requirement: Reconsidering the Rights-police Efficiency Trade-off |
56 William and Mary Law Review 759 (February, 2015) |
It is routinely assumed that there is a trade-off between police efficiency and the warrant requirement. But existing analysis ignores the interaction between law-enforcement investigative practices and criminal innovation. Narrowing the definition of a search or otherwise limiting the requirement for a warrant gives criminals greater incentive to; Search Snippet: ...Articles CRIMINAL INNOVATION AND THE WARRANT REQUIREMENT: RECONSIDERING THE RIGHTS- POLICE EFFICIENCY TRADE-OFF Tonja Jacobi [FNa1] Jonah Kind [FNaa1] Copyright... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve , Lauren Mayes |
Criminal Justice Through "Colorblind" Lenses: a Call to Examine the Mutual Constitution of Race and Criminal Justice |
40 Law and Social Inquiry 406 (Spring, 2015) |
A central paradox defines the scholarship of criminal justice and race: while racial disparities manifest throughout the criminal justice system, it is often portrayed as raceneutral. We identify two central paradigm shifts: one in penology (that focuses on risk) and one in racial ideology (that focuses on colorblindness) that create a perfect... |
2015 |
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| Laura Connelly |
Cross-racial Identifications: Solutions to the "They All Look Alike" Effect |
21 Michigan Journal of Race and Law 125 (Fall, 2015) |
INTRODUCTION. 125 I. Own-Race Bias and Its Impact on Eyewitness Testimony. 127 II. How Courts are Handling the Cross-Race Effect. 131 A. Supreme Court Precedent. 131 B. State Court Approaches. 133 III. Police and Federal Agency Practices and Reforms. 136 A. Current Police Practices. 137 B. Proposed Innocence Project Reforms. 139 C. Other Ways to... |
2015 |
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| Taki V. Flevaris , Ellie F. Chapman |
Cross-racial Misidentification: a Call to Action in Washington State and Beyond |
38 Seattle University Law Review 861 (Spring, 2015) |
Research indicates eyewitness identifications are incorrect approximately one-third of the time in criminal investigations. For years, this phenomenon has significantly contributed to wrongful convictions all over the country, including in Washington State. But jurors, attorneys, and police remain unaware of the nature and extent of the problem and... |
2015 |
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