| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | key Terms in Title or Summary |
| Geoffrey J. Derrick |
Qualified Immunity and the First Amendment Right to Record Police |
22 Boston University Public Interest Law Journal 243 (Summer, 2013) |
244 I. Introduction. 244 II. The Response of Police Officers Nationwide to Citizen Recording. 252 III. The First Amendment Right to Record Police Officers in Public. 256 A. The Free and Open Discussion of Government Affairs. 258 B. The Freedom of the Press. 261 C. Expressive Conduct and Prior Restraint Doctrine. 264 D. Intermediate; Search Snippet: ...Article QUALIFIED IMMUNITY AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT RIGHT TO RECORD POLICE Geoffrey J. Derrick [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2013 Trustees of Boston... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Michael J. Leiber, Jennifer H. Peck |
Race in Juvenile Justice and Sentencing Policy: an Overview of Research and Policy Recommendations |
31 Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice 331 (Summer 2013) |
An estimated 2,500 individuals nationwide have been identified as serving life without parole (LWOP) for homicides they committed while under the age of eighteen. Of those, as many as 2,100 might have been sentenced according to a mandatory sentencing rule and may now be in need of review to determine individualized sentencing in the wake of the... |
2013 |
|
| Shima Baradaran |
Race, Prediction, and Discretion |
81 George Washington Law Review 157 (January, 2013) |
[I]t is unnecessary to speak directly of race, because talking about crime is talking about race. Many scholars and political leaders denounce racism as the cause of disproportionate incarceration of black Americans. All players in this system have been blamed, including the legislators who enact laws that disproportionately harm blacks, police... |
2013 |
|
| Vanita Gupta , Kara Dansky , ACLU, 125 Broad Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10004, 212-549-2500, E-mail: vgupta@aclu.org, ACLU, 915 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005, 202-715-0824, E-mail: kdansky@aclu.org |
Reducing Racial Disparities Through Structural Criminal Justice Reforms |
37-JUL Champion 47 (July, 2013) |
After a century of stability, the last 40 years have witnessed an American penal system dominated by unrelenting growth; mass incarceration has been aggressively implemented at almost every stage of the justice process. Under this punitive regime, penal reform faced an impenetrable wall of resistance, and the consequences are well documented: a... |
2013 |
|
| Elliot Harvey Schatmeier |
Reforming Police Use-of-force Practices: a Case Study of the Cincinnati Police Department |
46 Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems 539 (Summer, 2013) |
When Congress enacted the Violent Crime Control & Law Enforcement Act of 1994, it gave the Department of Justice (DOJ) a powerful tool for correcting unconstitutional practices in state and local police agencies. Over the last twenty years, the DOJ has used this power to investigate, sue, and enter into contractual agreements with police agencies... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Kaitlyn Fallon |
Stop and Frisk City: How the Nypd Can Police Itself and Improve a Troubled Policy |
79 Brooklyn Law Review 321 (Fall, 2013) |
The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be; Search Snippet: ...2013 Note STOP AND FRISK CITY: HOW THE NYPD CAN POLICE ITSELF AND IMPROVE A TROUBLED POLICY Kaitlyn Fallon [FNd1] Copyright... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Renée McDonald Hutchins |
Stop Terry: Reasonable Suspicion, Race, and a Proposal to Limit Terry Stops |
16 NYU Journal of Legislation and Public Policy 883 (2013) |
The Terry doctrine, which grants a police officer the authority to stop and frisk based on his or her reasonable suspicion rather than probable cause, was created by the Supreme Court at a time when the nation confronted a particular moment of violent racial strife. Since Terry was decided, the Supreme Court has continued to expand the reach of the... |
2013 |
|
| Tracey L. Meares |
The Good Cop: Knowing the Difference Between Lawful or Effective Policing and Rightful Policing-and Why it Matters |
54 William and Mary Law Review 1865 (May, 2013) |
There are two dominant ways to evaluate the police. The first is whether their conduct comports with the law. The second approach assesses whether they are effective crime fighters. The legal domain is the province of lawyers and law professors. Their briefs and scholarly writings depend usually on interpretations of constitutional law and... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Heather Mac Donald |
The Purpose of Policing: Why Stop and Frisk Matters |
19 CITYLAW L. 1 (January/February, 2013) |
Since the early 1990s, New York City has experienced the longest and deepest crime drop on record--anywhere. Felonies have fallen 80% over two decades, something that was beyond anyone's previous imagining. In 1990, when homicides had reached 2,245, anyone who had predicted that they ever could drop to less than 500 a year would have been deemed... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Heather Mac Donald |
The Purpose of Policing: Why Stop and Frisk Matters |
19 CITYLAW 1 (January/February, 2013) |
Since the early 1990s, New York City has experienced the longest and deepest crime drop on record--anywhere. Felonies have fallen 80% over two decades, something that was beyond anyone's previous imagining. In 1990, when homicides had reached 2,245, anyone who had predicted that they ever could drop to less than 500 a year would have been deemed; Search Snippet: ...637201 CITYLAW January/February, 2013 THE PURPOSE OF POLICING: WHY STOP AND FRISK MATTERS Heather Mac Donald [FNa1... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Eda Katharine Tinto |
Undercover Policing, Overstated Culpability |
34 Cardozo Law Review 1401 (April, 2013) |
This Article examines the legal doctrine of sentencing manipulation, a claim, raised at the time of sentencing, in which the defendant argues that undercover police officers purposefully encouraged him to commit particular criminal conduct in order to expose him to a longer, and often mandatory, prison sentence. Currently, the claim of sentencing... |
2013 |
Yes |
| David Murphy |
V.i.p. Videographer Intimidation Protection: How the Government Should Protect Citizens Who Videotape the Police |
43 Seton Hall Law Review 319 (2013) |
With each passing day, more incidents involving police officers, private citizens, and video cameras are emerging on the Internet, making the news, and sometimes appearing on civil and criminal dockets. When individuals bring these incidents to public attention, more people seek to record police activity, which creates more opportunities for police... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Rebecca G. Van Tassell |
Walking a Thin Blue Line: Balancing the Citizen's Right to Record Police Officers Against Officer Privacy |
2013 Brigham Young University Law Review 183 (2013) |
One bystander with a cell phone can change an individual's encounter with law enforcement from an unprovable allegation of abuse to a media sensation. Audio and video recording, a capability in nearly every American's pocket, has changed the way that citizens interact with police officers. Today, the technology that immortalized the police beating... |
2013 |
Yes |
| Rachel Harmon |
Why Do We (Still) Lack Data on Policing? |
96 Marquette Law Review 1119 (Summer, 2013) |
I. Introduction. 1119 II. The Role of Information in Shaping Police Conduct. 1122 III. Policymakers, Incentives, and Information. 1128 III. Federal Law and Information About the Police. 1132 IV. Conclusion. 1145 |
2013 |
Yes |
| Lenese Herbert |
Why Properly Policing a Movement Matters: a Response to Alafair Burke's Policing, Protestors, and Discretion |
40 Fordham Urban Law Journal 1023 (March, 2013) |
Introduction. 1023 I. Police Use of Force and Fourth Amendment Reasonableness . 1031 II. Protestors' Expressive Conduct and the First Amendment. 1033 III. How Police See What Occupy Is Saying. 1035 Conclusion. 1041 |
2013 |
Yes |
| Jeremy Kaplan-Lyman |
A Punitive Bind: Policing, Poverty, and Neoliberalism in New York City |
15 Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal 177 (2012) |
Narrowly conceived, neoliberalism is a system of economic ideas and policy initiatives that emphasize small government and market-based solutions to social and economic problems. Adopted in response to the fiscal, welfare and racial crises of the Keynesian state, neoliberalism has become the dominant governing principle in the United States over... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Josh Segal |
All of the Mysticism of Police Expertise: Legalizing Stop-and-frisk in New York, 1961-1968 |
47 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 573 (Summer 2012) |
I. Disciplinary in Character: Police Professionalization. 578 II. To Render Evidence So Obtained Legally Obtained: Mapp v. Ohio and the Origins and Structure of the Stop-and-Frisk Statute. 582 A. Hamstrung Police: Responding to Mapp v. Ohio. 582 B. Legislative Confidence in the Judgment of the Police Officer: Police Expertise in Statute.... |
2012 |
Yes |
| David G. Barrie |
Anglicization and Autonomy: Scottish Policing, Governance and the State, 1833 to 1885 |
30 Law and History Review 449 (May, 2012) |
As with other pillars of the Scottish criminal justice system, the distinctiveness of the Scottish police model from its English counterpart has been widely acknowledged. Its historical development, institutional structure, and level of community support have been portrayed as unique in the United Kingdom. Although rarely heralded as a symbol of; Search Snippet: ...and History Review May, 2012 Article ANGLICIZATION AND AUTONOMY: SCOTTISH POLICING, GOVERNANCE AND THE STATE, 1833 TO 1885 David G. Barrie... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Michelle K. Wolf |
Anti-wiretapping Statutes: Disregarding Legislative Purpose and the Constitutional Pitfalls of Using Anti-wiretapping Statutes to Prevent the Recording of On-duty Police Officers |
15 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 165 (Winter 2012) |
The law struggles to keep pace with the modern age of media, electronic communication, and social networking websites. Both the United States Supreme Court and Congress have attempted to adapt the Fourth Amendment to changing technology. In 1968, Congress enacted a federal statute that regulated wiretapping procedures in order to comply with the... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Dustin F. Robinson |
Bad Footage: Surveillance Laws, Police Misconduct, and the Internet |
100 Georgetown Law Journal 1399 (April, 2012) |
C1-2Table of Contents Introduction. 1400 I. Adjusting the Focus: The Genesis of Surveillance Law. 1402 II. A Law Is Worth a Thousand Interpretations: Individual State Approaches to Surveillance Laws. 1404 A. WASHINGTON'S PRACTICALITY. 1405 B. MASSACHUSETTS'S LITERALISM. 1408 C. ILLINOIS'S CONVERSATION. 1410 III. Ready for the Close-Up: Police... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Marcia Johnson , Luckett Anthony Johnson |
Bail: Reforming Policies to Address Overcrowded Jails, the Impact of Race on Detention, and Community Revival in Harris County, Texas |
7 Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy 42 (Winter, 2012) |
Starting in the 1970s, the U.S. federal government and many state and local governments adopted get tough policies against crime. These new strict policy initiatives produced an explosion of incarceration in prisons throughout the country. They also impacted local jails as well, particularly in the numbers of persons detained pre-trial. This... |
2012 |
|
| Kristen Chambers |
Citizen-directed Police Reform: How Independent Investigations and Compelled Officer Testimony Can Increase Accountability |
16 Lewis & Clark Law Review 783 (Summer 2012) |
Police misconduct in the United States has spurred decades of police reform efforts, but change has been slow and not attributable to any particular method. One method that seems promising both to remedy individual harms and to help transform police culture is citizen oversight of the police. This Note argues that citizen oversight agencies can aid; Search Snippet: ...Lewis & Clark Law Review Summer 2012 Note & Comment CITIZEN-DIRECTED POLICE REFORM: HOW INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATIONS AND COMPELLED OFFICER TESTIMONY CAN INCREASE... |
2012 |
Yes |
| César Cuauhtémoc García Hernández |
Cluster Introduction - Immigrant Outsider, Alien Invader: Immigration Policing Today |
48 California Western Law Review 231 (Spring 2012) |
This is the story of immigration policing today. Sensors in the ground, high-intensity lights overhead, steel walls ten feet high, and drone aircraft in the air. Twenty-one thousand uniformed personnel armed with automatic weaponry, their might augmented by many thousands more from local law enforcement agencies. All tied together through massive... |
2012 |
Yes |
| L. Song Richardson |
Cognitive Bias, Police Character, and the Fourth Amendment |
44 Arizona State Law Journal 267 (Spring 2012) |
I. Introduction. 268 II. Cognitive Biases. 269 A. Fundamental Attribution Error. 269 B. Implicit Racial Bias. 271 1. Biased Interpretation of Ambiguous Behavior. 272 2. Acting with Aggression. 273 C. Malleability of Cognitive Biases. 274 III. Doctrinal Implications. 277 A. Jurisprudential Ignorance. 277 B. Exacerbating Psychological Biases. 279 C.... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Cynthia Jones |
Confronting Race in the Criminal Justice System |
27-SUM Criminal Justice 12 (Summer, 2012) |
The criminal justice system in the United States is not post-racial. Across the country, African Americans, Latinos, and other minorities are overrepresented at each stage in the adjudication process. It is not uncommon for some to dismiss these disparities with oversimplified explanations, such as Minorities just commit a disproportionate amount... |
2012 |
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| Brian J. Foley |
Contraband Immunity: Updating Amsterdam, Lafave, and White's "Use-exclusion" Proposal to Limit Police Pretext |
17 Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law 195 (Fall, 2012) |
For decades, legal scholars have struggled with the problem of pretextual searches and seizures. These are defined as police using their power to stop or search or arrest for one crime, usually a minor crime, as a means of triggering the ability to search, without probable cause, for evidence of other crimes. That is, police might stop a person in... |
2012 |
Yes |
| |
Cop Killers |
48 Criminal Law Bulletin 1 (2012) |
Professor, California Western School of Law. A.B. Kenyon; J.D. Florida; LL.M Illinois; Search Snippet: ...Bulletin Volume 48, Issue 3 Summer 2012 Criminal Law Bulletin Cop Killers Daniel Yeager[ * Introduction The controlling purpose of... |
2012 |
|
| Udi Ofer |
Criminalizing the Classroom: the Rise of Aggressive Policing and Zero Tolerance Discipline in New York City Public Schools |
56 New York Law School Law Review 1373 (2011/2012) |
On February 1, 2010 school safety officers arrested twelve-year-old Alexa Gonzalez in front of her classmates and teachers. What did she do wrong? While waiting for her Junior High School Spanish teacher to distribute homework assignments, Alexa doodled on her desk with an erasable marker, I love my friends Abby and Faith. Lex was here. 2/1/10.... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Mark Lawrence McPhail , Rachel Lyon , David Harris |
Digital Divisions: Racial (In)justice and the Limits of Social Informatics in the State of Georgia Vs. Troy Anthony Davis |
39 Northern Kentucky Law Review 137 (2012) |
The recent decision by the Georgia State Board of Pardons to execute Troy Anthony Davis for the murder of police officer Mark McPhail raises a number of legal, social, and media issues that coalesce around questions of racial justice and reconciliation. The legal issues raised by the decision range from the unequal application of the death penalty... |
2012 |
|
| Andrew J. Mathern |
Federal Civil Rights Lawsuits and Civil Gideon: a Solution to Disproportionate Police Force? |
15 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 353 (Spring 2012) |
On October 18, 2010, a seventeen-year-old Black male (Michael) entered a convenience store in downtown Seattle. Outside, unknown to Michael, a fight broke out between undercover cops and suspected drug dealers. Michael heard shouts down the street and stepped out of the convenience store to see what was happening. Seeing a plainclothes police... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Theresa Nolan Breslin |
Fleeing Time below the Poverty Line--is it a Crime? C.e.l. V. State and its Impact on Indigent Defense and Police-citizen Relations |
66 University of Miami Law Review 783 (Spring 2012) |
I. Introduction. 784 II. Background. 788 A. Fourth Amendment Progeny: Terry v. Ohio and Illinois v. Wardlow. 790 1. Terry v. Ohio. 790 2. Illinois v. Wardlow. 792 3. Wardlow's Effect on Florida Case Law. 794 B. Florida Case Law Post-Wardlow, Leading up to C.E.L. II. 795 1. D.T.B.. 796 2. J.D.H.. 797 3. C.E.L. I. 797 III. Analysis. 799 A. The; Search Snippet: ...C.E.L. V. STATE AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIGENT DEFENSE AND POLICE-CITIZEN RELATIONS Theresa Nolan Breslin [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2012 University... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Donald F. Tibbs |
From Black Power to Hip Hop: Discussing Race, Policing, and the Fourth Amendment Through the "War On" Paradigm |
15 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 47 (Winter 2012) |
Checks out the message in its rough stylee, the real criminals are the C-O-P. KRS-One I'm not the other color so police think, they have the authority to kill a minority. N.W.A. Son do you know what I'm stopping you for? Cause I'm young and I'm black and my hats real low, do I look like a mind reader sir, I don't know? Jay-Z Despite the... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Sean Douglass |
From the Blue Lights of "Police" to the Red Lights of "First Responders": the Changing Rhetoric of Law Enforcement in Michigan V. Bryant |
100 Georgetown Law Journal 1311 (April, 2012) |
C1-2Table of Contents Introduction. 1312 I. Confronting the Confrontation Clause: The Doctrinal Background. 1314 A. BEFORE MICHIGAN V. BRYANT. 1315 1. Moving to Crawford: The Modern Test for Testimonial Hearsay. 1315 2. The Primary Purpose Test for Law Enforcement in Emergency Situations. 1318 B. MICHIGAN V. BRYANT: FIRST RESPONDERS, NOT... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Brett G. Stoudt, Michelle Fine, Madeline Fox |
Growing up Policed in the Age of Aggressive Policing Policies |
56 New York Law School Law Review 1331 (2011/2012) |
Spray-painted atop an old tenement building in the East Village of Manhattan is a large fossilized graffiti image of a tyrannosaurus rex that reads: NYC EATS ITS YOUNG. With its ribs exposed and mouth open, this image represents symbolically what many young people in the neighborhood already know intimately and have experienced: New York City... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Robert J. Smith, Bidish J. Sarma |
How and Why Race Continues to Influence the Administration of Criminal Justice in Louisiana |
72 Louisiana Law Review 361 (Winter, 2012) |
In the final analysis, though, I am bound to enforce the laws of Louisiana as they exist today, not as they might in someone's vision of a perfect world. That is what I have done. And that is what I must continue to do. Reed Walters, district attorney in LaSalle Parish responsible for prosecuting the Jena Six (Justice in Jena, N.Y. Times, Sept. 26,... |
2012 |
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| Bill Ong Hing |
Immigration Sanctuary Policies: Constitutional and Representative of Good Policing and Good Public Policy |
2 UC Irvine Law Review 247 (February, 2012) |
I. Introduction. 247 II. Background. 252 III. Constitutionality. 260 A. City of New York v. United States. 263 B. Sturgeon v. Bratton. 267 C. The Tenth Amendment and Preemption. 272 1. Tenth Amendment. 272 2. Preemption of State and Local Laws. 280 a. Field Preemption. 282 b. Conflict Preemption. 286 c. Impeding Federal Objective. 288 3. Martinez... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Samuel Walker |
Institutionalizing Police Accountability Reforms: the Problem of Making Police Reforms Endure |
32 Saint Louis University Public Law Review 57 (2012) |
The history of police reform in America, in the sense of modern day notions of police professionalization, is more than a century old. Over that time period there have been successive waves of reform movements, with a changing set of objectives and programs. Much has been accomplished to improve policing over this long period. Whether the benchmark... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Caleb Mason |
Jay-z's 99 Problems, Verse 2: a Close Reading with Fourth Amendment Guidance for Cops and Perps |
56 Saint Louis University Law Journal 567 (Winter 2012) |
This is a line-by-line analysis of the second verse of 99 Problems by Jay-Z, from the perspective of a criminal procedure professor. It's intended as a resource for law students and teachers, and for anyone who's interested in what pop culture gets right about criminal justice, and what it gets wrong. 99 Problems is a song by Jay-Z. It's a good; Search Snippet: ...VERSE 2: A CLOSE READING WITH FOURTH AMENDMENT GUIDANCE FOR COPS AND PERPS Caleb Mason [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2012 Saint Louis... |
2012 |
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| Sandra Guerra Thompson |
Judicial Gatekeeping of Police-generated Witness Testimony |
102 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 329 (Spring 2012) |
This Article urges a fundamental change in the administration of criminal justice. The Article focuses on what I call police-generated witness testimony, by which I mean confessions, police informants, and eyewitness identifications. These types of testimony are leading causes of wrongful convictions. The Article shows that heavy-handed tactics... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Carly Humphrey |
Keep Recording: Why On-duty Police Officers Do Not Have a Protected Expectation of Privacy under Maryland's State Wiretap Act |
19 George Mason Law Review 775 (Spring, 2012) |
While riding his motorcycle on Interstate 95 near Baltimore, Anthony Graber popped a few wheelies and drove well above the speed limit. An unmarked vehicle cut off Mr. Graber when he slowed down at an exit, and a man wearing jeans and a fleece jacket hopped out of the vehicle with his gun drawn. The armed man shouted for Mr. Graber to get off his... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Jesse Kropf |
Keeping "Them" Out: Criminal Record Screening, Public Housing, and the Fight Against Racial Caste |
4 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 75 (Spring, 2012) |
What has changed since the collapse of Jim Crow has less to do with the basic structure of our society than with the language we use to justify it. --Michele Alexander What does a person living in public housing look like? Most people in public housing make less than ten thousand dollars a year. Over half are on a fixed income, such as social... |
2012 |
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| Jamesa J. Drake |
Kentucky V. King: a New Approach to Consent-based Police Encounters? |
65 Maine Law Review 57 (2012) |
Introduction I. The Facts and Procedural History II. King's Practical Application is Far from Certain A. Knock-and-Talk 1. Bumper v. North Carolina and Police Conduct that Threatens to Violate the Fourth Amendment. 2. Schneckloth v. Bustamonte and the King Court's (Un)willingness to Consider the Totality of the Circumstances B. Asserting; Search Snippet: ...Article KENTUCKY V. KING: A NEW APPROACH TO CONSENT-BASED POLICE ENCOUNTERS? Jamesa J. Drake [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2012 University of... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Aaron Sussman |
Learning in Lockdown: School Police, Race, and the Limits of Law |
59 UCLA Law Review 788 (February, 2012) |
Nationally, K-12 schools are increasingly relying on police officers and criminalized security measures like metal detectors and random searches in an attempt to make schools safer. In New York City, officers patrolling prison-like schools have acutely harmful effects, leading the New York Civil Liberties Union (NYCLU) to file a class action... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Robert T. Carter, Ph.D. , Thomas D. Scheuermann, M.A., J.D. |
Legal and Policy Standards for Addressing Workplace Racism: Employer Liability and Shared Responsibility for Race-based Traumatic Stress |
12 University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class Class 1 (Spring 2012) |
With the celebrated election of the first African-American President, the United States has come a long way from the ugly days of Jim Crow, but there is a paucity of evidence that we are living in anything approaching a post-racial America. While overt bigotry may have receded in recent decades, rumors of its demise as an ongoing social problem... |
2012 |
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| Rachel Harmon |
Limited Leverage: Federal Remedies and Policing Reform |
32 Saint Louis University Public Law Review 33 (2012) |
Remedies for police misconduct have multiple purposes, including punishing perpetrators, making victims whole, and forcing departments to comply with constitutional rules. For those interested in reducing police misconduct, the primary measure of federal legal remedies for police misconduct is whether they deter future bad acts. Other speakers at... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Jessica A. Solyom , Bryan McKinley Jones Brayboy |
Memento Mori : Policing the Minds and Bodies of Indigenous Latinas/os in Arizona |
42 California Western International Law Journal 473 (Spring 2012) |
The state of Arizona is home to a large number of American Indian communities. The majority of the state, and its current boundaries, arose as a result of the Mexican American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. Today, Arizona houses the largest number of American Indian tribal reservations in the United States (currently twenty-two),... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Clayton Mosher , J. Mitchell Pickerill |
Methodological Issues in Biased Policing Research with Applications to the Washington State Patrol |
35 Seattle University Law Review 769 (Spring, 2012) |
In the mid-to-late 1990s, media attention intensified around the issue of racial profiling. The increased attention was partially due to concerns that law enforcement were biased and targeting members of minority groups, and that incarceration rates were racially disproportionate. Literally hundreds of articles appeared on the topic of racial... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Wayne Heavener |
Montgomery County V. Shropshire: Trying to Shoehorn Police Intradepartmental Disciplinary Files into the Wrong Cabinet |
71 Maryland Law Review 925 (2012) |
In Montgomery County v. Shropshire, the Maryland Court of Appeals considered whether two police officers' intradepartmental disciplinary files were exempt from disclosure to the Montgomery County Inspector General, pursuant to the Maryland Public Information Act (MPIA). The court held that the officers' Internal Affairs Division (IAD) files... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Caleb Mason |
New Police Surveillance Technologies and the Good-faith Exception: Warrantless Gps Tracker Evidence after United States V. Jones |
13 Nevada Law Journal 60 (Fall 2012) |
I. Introduction. 61 II. The Exclusionary Rule: Background. 61 III. United States v. Jones. 65 IV. The Good-Faith Reliance on Precedent Rule: Express Authorization?. 66 A. United States v. Davis. 66 B. Two Possible Good-Faith Rules. 67 V. Applying the Faith-in-Caselaw Test: A General Framework. 72 VI. Davis Applied to Jones. 79 A. Predictions. 79; Search Snippet: ...NEVADA LAW JOURNAL Nevada Law Journal Fall 2012 Article NEW POLICE SURVEILLANCE TECHNOLOGIES AND THE GOOD-FAITH EXCEPTION: WARRANTLESS GPS TRACKER... |
2012 |
Yes |
| Eric Lane |
On Madison, Muslims, and the New York City Police Department |
40 Hofstra Law Review 689 (Spring 2012) |
News signifies something which has just happened, and which is new just because it deviates from the old and regular. But its meaning depends upon relation to what it imports, to what its social consequences are. This import cannot be determined unless the new is placed in relation to the old, to what has happened and been integrated into the... |
2012 |
Yes |