| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | key Terms in Title |
| Gilbert Rivera |
Armed Not Militarized: Achieving Real Police Militarization |
20 Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law 227 (Fall 2015) |
Police Militarization is a hot-button topic. The highly publicized events in Ferguson, after the tragic death of Michael Brown, and the grand jury choosing not to press charges against police officer Darren Wilson, nationally showcased a militarized police response to public protests. Media coverage showed Ferguson police in armored vehicles,... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Stéphane Mechoulan, Nicolas Sahuguet |
Assessing Racial Disparities in Parole Release |
44 Journal of Legal Studies 39 (January, 2015) |
In a rational choice model of parole release, a color-blind parole board seeking to minimize violations would release all prisoners below a certain risk threshold. To test this prediction, we extend the outcome-test methodology used in assessing discrimination in police searches. We overcome the inframarginality critique by taking advantage of... |
2015 |
|
| Elizabeth E. Joh |
Bait, Mask, and Ruse: Technology and Police Deception |
128 Harvard Law Review Forum 246 (April, 2015) |
Deception and enticement have long been tools of the police, but new technologies have enabled investigative deceit to become more powerful and pervasive. Most of the attention given to today's advances in police technology tends to focus either on online government surveillance or on the use of algorithms for predictive policing or threat... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Linda Sheryl Greene |
Before and after Michael Brown --toward an End to Structural and Actual Violence |
49 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy Pol'y 1 (2015) |
Prologue--The Kerner Comission. 2 I. Introduction--Before and Beyond Michael Brown. 3 II. Reinterpreting Deadly Force. 3 A. The Benign Dominant Narrative. 3 B. The Insurgent Narrative. 3 C. A History of Racial Violence. 9 D. The Psychological Turn. 16 E. Deadly and Excessive Force and Police Culture. 17 III. A Structure of Violence. 20 A.... |
2015 |
|
| Linda Sheryl Greene |
Before and after Michael Brown --toward an End to Structural and Actual Violence |
49 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy 1 (2015) |
Prologue--The Kerner Comission. 2 I. Introduction--Before and Beyond Michael Brown. 3 II. Reinterpreting Deadly Force. 3 A. The Benign Dominant Narrative. 3 B. The Insurgent Narrative. 3 C. A History of Racial Violence. 9 D. The Psychological Turn. 16 E. Deadly and Excessive Force and Police Culture. 17 III. A Structure of Violence. 20 A; Search Snippet: ...of a Black teenager. The backstory involved the role of police departments and the criminal system in the lives of poor... |
2015 |
|
| Vickie Casanova Willis, Standish E. Willis |
Black People Against Police Torture: the Importance of Building a People-centered Human Rights Movement |
21 Public Interest Law Reporter 235 (Symposium, 2015) |
Sometimes history takes things into its own hands. - Thurgood Marshall That power concedes nothing without a demand is an oft-quoted concept. When Frederick Douglass made this declaration in 1857 as part of his West India Emancipation speech, he also foretold the Chicago Police Torture saga in stating Who would be free, themselves must strike... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Kami Chavis Simmons |
Body-mounted Police Cameras: a Primer on Police Accountability Vs. Privacy |
58 Howard Law Journal 881 (Spring, 2015) |
INTRODUCTION. 882 I. POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF USING BODY-MOUNTED CAMERAS. 884 A. Body-Mounted Cameras Offer an Objective Basis for Determining Whether an Officer Used Excessive Force. 884 B. Body-Mounted Cameras Serve as a Deterrent for Police Misconduct and Promote Officer Safety. 885 C. Body Cameras Can be a Powerful Training Tool and Can Correct... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Jonathan Abel |
Brady's Blind Spot: Impeachment Evidence in Police Personnel Files and the Battle Splitting the Prosecution Team |
67 Stanford Law Review 743 (April, 2015) |
The Supreme Court's Brady doctrine requires prosecutors to disclose favorable, material evidence to the defense, but in some jurisdictions, even well-meaning prosecutors cannot carry out this obligation when it comes to one critical area of evidence: police personnel files. These files contain valuable evidence of police misconduct that can be used... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Laura Merkey |
Building Trust and Breaking down the Wall: the Use of Restorative Justice to Repair Police-community Relationships |
80 Missouri Law Review 1133 (Fall, 2015) |
The town of Ferguson, Missouri, captured national attention when a grand jury failed to indict Darren Wilson, a white police officer who shot and killed Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, three months prior. Similar citizen deaths involving police in both New York City and Cleveland have magnified the tensions felt across the country, and in... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Lou Furman , Alison R. McCrary |
Building Trust in Law Enforcement: Community-police Mediation in New Orleans |
63 Louisiana Bar Journal 192 (October/November, 2015) |
I am awestruck by the ability and willingness of mediation participants to confront some of the most contentious issues affecting community-police relations in New Orleans and around the country, from issues of race and aggression, to notions of service, courtesy and shared responsibility. --Community-Police Mediator The U.S. Department of Justice... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Kevin Davis |
Candid Cameras |
101-JUN ABA Journal 15 (June, 2015) |
In the central Florida town of Windermere, population 3,000, its 10 patrol officers began wearing cameras in the autumn of 2013 to rebuild trust. The former chief, Daniel Saylor, had been arrested on perjury charges for providing false testimony during the sexual battery trial of a friend. Last year he was found guilty and sentenced to eight years; Search Snippet: ...National Pulse CANDID CAMERAS After Ferguson and North Charleston, More Police Are Learning to Deal with Wearing Body Cams Kevin Davis... |
2015 |
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| Eric J. Miller |
Challenging Police Discretion |
58 Howard Law Journal 521 (Winter, 2015) |
Law enforcement officials have tremendous discretion to determine the amount and style of policing that occurs in their jurisdiction. They decide which crimes or suspects to pursue, which communities or locations to target for policing, the best methods to prevent or respond to crime, and how best to balance prevention and detection. These policy... |
2015 |
Yes |
| |
Chapter Four Considering Police Body Cameras |
128 Harvard Law Review 1794 (April, 2015) |
One evening in early December 2014, thousands of people gathered on the historic Boston Common, not to view the annual Christmas-tree lighting, but to add their voices to a growing movement. They carried with them signs inscribed with the mantras of that movement--phrases like Hands Up, Don't Shoot and Black Lives Matter--and they joined... |
2015 |
Yes |
| |
Chapter Three Policing Immigrant Communities |
128 Harvard Law Review 1771 (April, 2015) |
José Antonio Elena Rodriguez was sixteen in October 2012 when a border patrol officer shot him repeatedly in the back and head. The officer--officials did not release his name for more than two years after the killing -- claimed José had thrown rocks at him from the Mexican side of the border. Prosecutors brought no charges. Anastasio Hernandez... |
2015 |
Yes |
| |
Chapter Two Policing Students |
128 Harvard Law Review 1747 (April, 2015) |
Jason Shade was a student at the Apple Valley Alternative Learning Center, an alternative high school in Minnesota. On the way to an off-campus shop class, Shade's teacher stopped at Burger King so the students could buy breakfast. Back on the bus, Shade had trouble opening the orange juice that he bought to have with his breakfast, so he asked the... |
2015 |
Yes |
| John J. Ryan |
Constitutional Law -- First Circuit Court of Appeals Upholds a Citizen's Right to Film a Police Officer During a Traffic Stop Absent a Reasonable Restriction -- Gericke V. Begin, 753 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2014). |
20 Suffolk Journal of Trial and Appellate Advocacy 155 (2014-2015) |
When a person acting under color of state law deprives a citizen of his federal constitutional rights, that citizen will have a remedy under Section 1983. In recent years, there have been a growing number of citizens alleging a violation of their First Amendment rights and bringing actions under § 1983 after suffering prosecution seemingly in; Search Snippet: ...COURT OF APPEALS UPHOLDS A CITIZEN'S RIGHT TO FILM A POLICE OFFICER DURING A TRAFFIC STOP ABSENT A REASONABLE RESTRICTION -- GERICKE... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Tonja Jacobi , Jonah Kind |
Criminal Innovation and the Warrant Requirement: Reconsidering the Rights-police Efficiency Trade-off |
56 William and Mary Law Review 759 (February, 2015) |
It is routinely assumed that there is a trade-off between police efficiency and the warrant requirement. But existing analysis ignores the interaction between law-enforcement investigative practices and criminal innovation. Narrowing the definition of a search or otherwise limiting the requirement for a warrant gives criminals greater incentive to; Search Snippet: ...Articles CRIMINAL INNOVATION AND THE WARRANT REQUIREMENT: RECONSIDERING THE RIGHTS- POLICE EFFICIENCY TRADE-OFF Tonja Jacobi [FNa1] Jonah Kind [FNaa1] Copyright... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve , Lauren Mayes |
Criminal Justice Through "Colorblind" Lenses: a Call to Examine the Mutual Constitution of Race and Criminal Justice |
40 Law and Social Inquiry 406 (Spring, 2015) |
A central paradox defines the scholarship of criminal justice and race: while racial disparities manifest throughout the criminal justice system, it is often portrayed as raceneutral. We identify two central paradigm shifts: one in penology (that focuses on risk) and one in racial ideology (that focuses on colorblindness) that create a perfect... |
2015 |
|
| Laura Connelly |
Cross-racial Identifications: Solutions to the "They All Look Alike" Effect |
21 Michigan Journal of Race and Law 125 (Fall, 2015) |
INTRODUCTION. 125 I. Own-Race Bias and Its Impact on Eyewitness Testimony. 127 II. How Courts are Handling the Cross-Race Effect. 131 A. Supreme Court Precedent. 131 B. State Court Approaches. 133 III. Police and Federal Agency Practices and Reforms. 136 A. Current Police Practices. 137 B. Proposed Innocence Project Reforms. 139 C. Other Ways to... |
2015 |
|
| Taki V. Flevaris , Ellie F. Chapman |
Cross-racial Misidentification: a Call to Action in Washington State and Beyond |
38 Seattle University Law Review 861 (Spring, 2015) |
Research indicates eyewitness identifications are incorrect approximately one-third of the time in criminal investigations. For years, this phenomenon has significantly contributed to wrongful convictions all over the country, including in Washington State. But jurors, attorneys, and police remain unaware of the nature and extent of the problem and... |
2015 |
|
| Karen Hopkins |
Deadly Force Revisited: Transparency and Accountability for D.c. Police Use of Force |
72 National Lawyers Guild Review 129 (Fall, 2015) |
In 1999, a Washington Post investigative series entitled Deadly Force revealed that the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD) in the District of Columbia had shot and killed more people per resident in the 1990s than any other large American city police force. The Post found that in some cases the police investigated themselves and failed to; Search Snippet: ...Fall, 2015 DEADLY FORCE REVISITED: TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR D.C. POLICE USE OF FORCE Karen Hopkins [FNa1] Copyright © 2015 by National... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Rukiya Mohamed |
Death by Cop: the Lessons of Ferguson Prove the Need for Special Prosecutors |
59 Howard Law Journal 271 (Fall, 2015) |
INTRODUCTION. 272 I. MECHANISMS FOR STATE SPECIAL PROSECUTOR APPOINTMENTS. 275 A. What is a Special Prosecutor?. 276 B. Ferguson is an Example of How the States' Current Mechanisms Fail to Appoint a Special Prosecutor When He is Most Needed. 277 1. The Different Approach McCulloch Took in Wilson's Prosecution. 278 2. Why McCulloch was not Removed; Search Snippet: ...JOURNAL Howard Law Journal Fall, 2015 Note & Comment DEATH BY COP: THE LESSONS OF FERGUSON PROVE THE NEED FOR SPECIAL PROSECUTORS... |
2015 |
|
| Jordan Blair Woods |
Decriminalization, Police Authority, and Routine Traffic Stops |
62 UCLA Law Review 672 (March, 2015) |
Although there is no universal definition of decriminalization, approaches to decriminalization largely focus on modifying how conduct is sanctioned or punished. This Article argues that there is a need to broaden approaches to decriminalization beyond sanctions and give more consideration to the other ways in which criminalization fosters state... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Barry Friedman , Maria Ponomarenko |
Democratic Policing |
90 New York University Law Review 1827 (December, 2015) |
Of all the agencies of executive government, those that police--that employ force and engage in surveillance--are the most threatening to the liberties of the American people. Yet, they are the least regulated. Two core requisites of American constitutionalism are democratic accountability and adherence to the rule of law. Democratic accountability... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Sarah Zwach |
Disproportionate Use of Deadly Force on Unarmed Minority Males: How Gender and Racial Perceptions Can Be Remedied |
30 Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender & Society 185 (Fall 2015) |
Introduction. 186 I. Background. 188 A. Recent Police Killings of Unarmed Minority Males. 188 i. The Case of Michael Brown. 188 ii. A National Concern. 191 B. The Problem Is in the Numbers. 193 i. FBI Uniform Crime Reports. 193 ii. Alternative Measures. 194 C. Police Corruption: Legislative and Judicial Intervention. 197 i. History of Police in... |
2015 |
|
| Walter Katz |
Enhancing Accountability and Trust with Independent Investigations of Police Lethal Force |
128 Harvard Law Review Forum 235 (April, 2015) |
There are few acts committed by local government that draw more controversy than a police department's use of lethal force. Broad cross-sections of the public have lost trust in local law enforcement agencies due to their perception of biased investigations of such deadly-force incidents. This loss of trust can threaten the legitimacy of local law... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Rachel A. Harmon |
Federal Programs and the Real Costs of Policing |
90 New York University Law Review 870 (June, 2015) |
Dozens of federal statutes authorize federal agencies to give money and power to local police departments and municipalities in order to improve public safety. While these federal programs encourage better coordination of police efforts and make pursuing public safety less financially costly for local communities, they also encourage harmful; Search Snippet: ...June, 2015 Article FEDERAL PROGRAMS AND THE REAL COSTS OF POLICING Rachel A. Harmon [FNa1] Copyright (c) 2015 by Rachel A... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Richard Rosenfeld |
Ferguson and Police Use of Deadly Force |
80 Missouri Law Review 1077 (Fall, 2015) |
The killing of Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, sparked widespread protests in the St. Louis area and across the nation. Protests and civil unrest resumed after a St. Louis County grand jury declined to indict the police officer. Protesters and commentators raised several... |
2015 |
Yes |
| William C. Nevin |
Fighting Slurs: Contemporary Fighting Words and the Question of Criminally Punishable Racial Epithets |
14 First Amendment Law Review 127 (Fall, 2015) |
In State v. Smith, the Court of Appeals of Wisconsin was faced with the somewhat novel question of whether racist Facebook comments could serve as the basis for disorderly conduct and unauthorized use of a computer system charges. The case against Thomas Smith began when the Village of Arena police department posted a Facebook status update... |
2015 |
|
| Jeffrey Fagan , Amanda Geller |
Following the Script: Narratives of Suspicion in Terry Stops in Street Policing |
82 University of Chicago Law Review 51 (Winter, 2015) |
Regulation of Terry stops of pedestrians by police requires articulation of the reasonable and individualized bases of suspicion that motivate their actions. Nearly five decades after Terry, courts have found it difficult to articulate the boundaries or parameters of reasonable suspicion. The behavior and appearances of individuals combine with the... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Kimani Paul-Emile |
Foreword: Critical Race Theory and Empirical Methods Conference |
83 Fordham Law Review 2953 (May, 2015) |
Everyone seems to be talking about race. From the protests that erupted in cities across the country over the failure of grand juries in Missouri and New York to indict police officers in the killing of two unarmed black men, to the racially charged statements made by the owners of professional sports teams; and the college fraternity members... |
2015 |
|
| Robert D. Crutchfield |
From Slavery to Social Class to Disadvantage: an Intellectual History of the Use of Class to Explain Racial Differences in Criminal Involvement |
44 Crime and Justice Just. 1 (2015) |
Social class differences have been invoked to explain perceived racial differences in criminal involvement in the United States since the middle of the nineteenth century. Scholars have joined with the public and the media to make such arguments with mixed success. Despite criticism of the theories and research methods used and contradictory... |
2015 |
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| K. Babe Howell |
Gang Policing: the Post Stop-and-frisk Justification for Profile-based Policing |
5 University of Denver Criminal Law Review Rev. 1 (Summer, 2015) |
The New York City Police Department (NYPD) is about to follow a number of other urban police departments down the well-worn path of gang policing. It does not take this path because New York City has a significant gang problem. Gangs ranked last and second-to-last among the causes of murder in the two years since the NYPD added the category of... |
2015 |
Yes |
| K. Babe Howell |
Gang Policing: the Post Stop-and-frisk Justification for Profile-based Policing |
5 University of Denver Criminal Law Review 1 (Summer, 2015) |
The New York City Police Department (NYPD) is about to follow a number of other urban police departments down the well-worn path of gang policing. It does not take this path because New York City has a significant gang problem. Gangs ranked last and second-to-last among the causes of murder in the two years since the NYPD added the category of; Search Snippet: ...REVIEW University of Denver Criminal Law Review Summer, 2015 GANG POLICING: THE POST STOP-AND-FRISK JUSTIFICATION FOR PROFILE-BASED POLICING K. Babe Howell [FNa1] Copyright © 2015 by the University of... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Leigh Goodmark |
Hands up at Home: Militarized Masculinity and Police Officers Who Commit Intimate Partner Abuse |
2015 Brigham Young University Law Review 1183 (2015) |
The deaths of Michael Brown and Eric Garner and the almost daily news stories about abusive and violent police conduct are currently prompting questions about the appropriate use of force by police officers. Moreover, the history of police brutality directed towards women is well-documented. Most of that literature, however, captures the violence; Search Snippet: ...Review 2015 Article HANDS UP AT HOME: MILITARIZED MASCULINITY AND POLICE OFFICERS WHO COMMIT INTIMATE PARTNER ABUSE Leigh Goodmark [FNa1] Copyright... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Iesha S. Nunes |
Hands Up, Don't Shoot: Police Misconduct and the Need for Body Cameras |
67 Florida Law Review 1811 (September, 2015) |
The 2014 shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri is probably the most notable of the many recent cases in the media involving police officers' use of excessive force. After Officer Darren Wilson shot and killed Brown, varying accounts of what transpired between the two men surfaced. Officer Wilson claimed he was defending himself against... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Zach Newman |
Hands Up, Don't Shoot: Policing, Fatal Force, and Equal Protection in the Age of Colorblindness |
43 Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 117 (Fall 2015) |
For our civilized world is nothing but a masquerade. - Arthur Schopenhauer, 1851 When people come to believe that a system offers them nothing, they have nothing to lose by burning it down. - Erwin Chemerinsky, 1993 Every time you see me, you want to mess with me. - Eric Garner, 2014 And we hate po-po, wanna kill us dead in the street for sure. -... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Lorenzo G. Morales |
Heien V. North Carolina and Police Mistakes of Law: the Supreme Court Adds Another Ingredient to its "Freedom-destroying Cocktail" |
52 California Western Law Review 79 (Fall 2015) |
Introduction. 79 II. Heien v. North Carolina. 81 A. Facts and Procedural History. 81 B. Majority Opinion. 83 C. Concurring Opinion. 85 D. Dissenting Opinion. 86 III. The Supreme Court Erred by Declining to Follow the Former Majority Rule, Which Has Stronger Justifications Than the Former Minority Rule. 88 IV. The Supreme Court did not Sufficiently... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Arneta Rogers |
How Police Brutality Harms Mothers: Linking Police Violence to the Reproductive Justice Movement |
12 Hastings Race and Poverty Law Journal 205 (Summer, 2015) |
Until the killing of Black men, Black mothers' sons, becomes as important to the rest of the country as the killing of a White mother's son--we who believe in freedom cannot rest until this happens. -Ella Baker The recent and highly publicized killing of Michael Brown, an unarmed 18-year-old African American and the subsequent grand jury decision... |
2015 |
Yes |
| L.J. Jackson |
In Black and White |
101-OCT ABA Journal 28 (October, 2015) |
Eric Garner. Michael Brown. Akai Gurley. Tamir Rice. Walter Scott. Freddie Gray. Samuel DuBose. All names of unarmed African-American males killed during police encounters in the past 18 months. The string of high-profile fatalities stirred unrest and prompted marches and public outcries for reform. Former criminal defense attorney Robbin Shipp; Search Snippet: ...reginald.davis@americanbar.org Profile IN BLACK AND WHITE Lawyer's Cause: Reducing Racial Conflict with Cops L.J. Jackson Copyright © 2015 by the American Bar Association; L.J... |
2015 |
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| Kami Chavis Simmons |
Increasing Police Accountability: Restoring Trust and Legitimacy Through the Appointment of Independent Prosecutors |
49 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy 137 (2015) |
Immediately following the shooting death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri and the death of Eric Gardner at the hands of a New York City Police Department officer, criminal justice advocates called for greater measures to hold police officers accountable for their actions. For many observers, the failure to secure criminal indictments against... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Madeline M. Gomez |
Intersections at the Border: Immigration Enforcement, Reproductive Oppression, and the Policing of Latina Bodies in the Rio Grande Valley |
30 Columbia Journal of Gender and Law 84 (2015) |
A series of events in 2014 brought significant attention to the United States-Mexico border. Over the summer, reports of an influx of undocumented Central American immigrants began circulating. Though most coverage mentioned only children crossing the border, many of these young migrants traveled alongside their mothers. Reports of this influx... |
2015 |
Yes |
| John T. Bennett |
It's Not Jim Crow, It's Jail: Questioning the Role of Race in the Origins of Punitive Policy |
14 Cardozo Public Law, Policy and Ethics Journal 39 (Fall 2015) |
Introduction. 40 I. Why the Punitive Shift?. 45 A. Modern Crime. 46 i. The Decline of the Rehabilitative Ideal. 49 ii. Informal Social Controls. 51 iii. A Subculture of Violence. 52 iv. The Punitive Shift. 53 II. The Role of Race in the Punitive Shift. 54 III. The Punitive Shift in England, South Africa, and the U.S.. 61 A. England. 61 i. The... |
2015 |
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| The Honorable Cruz Reynoso |
Justice for All Americans? Fatal Shootings by Police |
49 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy 121 (2015) |
Since the fatal shooting of Michael Brown, a young African American man, on August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, by a white police officer, the national media has reported a series of similar deaths. More recently, the death of Freddie Gray in Baltimore and the resulting riots pose a different question: is the issue simply a black/white conflict?... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Brian Rodriguez |
Latinos and the Criminal Justice System: Overcoming Racial Stigma from Trial to Incarceration |
40 Thurgood Marshall Law Review Online Online 7 (2015) |
According to the National Council of La Raza NCLR, Latinos in the United States face discrimination and overrepresentation in every step of the criminal justice system, from arrest to incarceration. Tough on crime policies enacted since the 1970's for the purpose of reducing violent crimes and promoting efficiency in the criminal justice... |
2015 |
|
| Tracey L. Meares , Tom R. Tyler , Jacob Gardener |
Lawful or Fair? How Cops and Laypeople Perceive Good Policing |
105 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 297 (Spring 2015) |
Legal authorities and the public live in two separate worlds. One world is suffused with law, and the other world is suffused with people's lived experiences that support their evaluations of fairness. When legal authorities consider whether police policies and practices are desirable, a framework regarding the lawfulness of the relevant policies... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Gary Peller |
Legal Education and the Legitimation of Racial Power |
65 Journal of Legal Education 405 (November, 2015) |
Thank you for your invitation to talk with you today about how the recent uproar about police killings of African-Americans in Ferguson, Missouri, and across the country might connect to your experience in elite legal education-- what might Harvard Law School have to do with what is going on? I will talk about the way that racial justice is... |
2015 |
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| Waleska Suero |
Lessons from Floyd V. City of New York: Designing Race-based Remedies for Equal Protection Violations in Stop & Frisk Cases |
7 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives 139 (Spring, 2015) |
In Terry v. Ohio, the Supreme Court held that a police officer may briefly stop an individual based on reasonable suspicion of recent or ongoing criminal activity and then frisk the individual's outer clothing upon a reasonable belief that the individual is armed and dangerous. Although Terry required police officers to point to specific and... |
2015 |
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| Kelly K. Koss |
Leveraging Predictive Policing Algorithms to Restore Fourth Amendment Protections in High-crime Areas in a Post-wardlow World |
90 Chicago-Kent Law Review 301 (2015) |
Before walking the streets of his beat in Chicago's West Englewood neighborhood, on October 25, 2017, Officer Adams uses one of the station's computers to get the latest report on today's forecasted criminal activity. The report designates part of Officer Adams' beat, specifically the 500-foot radius around the intersection of South Ashland Avenue... |
2015 |
Yes |
| Charlotte Guerra |
Living under the Boot: Police Militarization and Peaceful Protest |
14 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 521 (Fall, 2015) |
But always . always there will be the intoxication of power, constantly increasing and constantly growing subtler. Always, at every moment, there will be the thrill of victory, the sensation of trampling on an enemy who is helpless. If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face--forever. In the modem era, it is almost... |
2015 |
Yes |