| Author | Title | Citation | Summary | Year | key Terms in Title |
| John Tyler Clemons |
Blind Injustice: the Supreme Court, Implicit Racial Bias, and the Racial Disparity in the Criminal Justice System |
51 American Criminal Law Review 689 (Summer, 2014) |
The way to stop discrimination on the basis of race is to stop discriminating on the basis of race. This statement by Chief Justice John Roberts in 2007 is alluring in both its grammatical symmetry and its logical simplicity. Yet it encapsulates the naiveté of the view of racial discrimination currently held by the majority of the justices of the... |
2014 |
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| Andrew Ingram |
Breaking Laws to Fix Broken Windows: a Revisionist Take on Order Maintenance Policing |
19 Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law 112 (Fall 2014) |
Today, there is a family of celebrated police strategies that teach the importance of cracking down on petty crime and urban nuisance as the key to effective crime control. Under the broken windows appellation, this strategy is linked in the public mind with New York City and the alleged successes of its police department in reducing the rate of... |
2014 |
Yes |
| William A. Margeson |
Bringing the Gavel down on Stops and Frisks: the Equitable Regulation of Police Power |
51 American Criminal Law Review 739 (Summer, 2014) |
There are times when the old bunk about an independent and fearless judiciary means a good deal. --Judge Learned Hand On August 12, 2013, Judge Shira Scheindlin of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York handed down a pair of rulings holding New York City liable for violating the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment rights... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Kimberly McCullough |
Changing the Culture of Unconstitutional Interference: a Proposal for Nationwide Implementation of a Model Policy and Training Procedures Protecting the Right to Photograph and Record On-duty Police |
18 Lewis & Clark Law Review 543 (2014) |
In a world filled with cell phones and digital recording devices, documenting the activities of on-duty police has become increasingly common. Videos and photographs of police interactions have great value. They increase officer and public safety, provide evidence in judicial proceedings, expose police misconduct, and often provide a solid and... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Evan M. McGuire |
Consensual Police-citizen Encounters: Human Factors of a Reasonable Person and Individual Bias |
16 Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice 693 (2014) |
I. Introduction. 694 II. The Fourth Amendment: Levels of Police-Citizen Interactions. 696 A. Traditional Arrest. 696 B. Exigent Circumstances. 699 C. Terry stops and the Creation of the Police-Citizen Encounter. 700 III. Foundations of the Consensual Police-Citizen Encounter. 705 A. Conceptual Discrepancies. 706 IV. Societal and Cultural Biases... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Darren Lenard Hutchinson |
Continually Reminded of Their Inferior Position: Social Dominance, Implicit Bias, Criminality, and Race |
46 Washington University Journal of Law & Policy 23 (2014) |
The intersection of race and criminal law and enforcement has recently received considerable attention in US media, academic, and public policy discussions. Media outlets, for example, have extensively covered a series of incidents involving the killing of unarmed black males by law enforcement and private citizens. These cases include the killing... |
2014 |
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| I. Bennett Capers |
Critical Race Theory and Criminal Justice |
12 Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law L. 1 (Fall, 2014) |
When the Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law invited me to guest edit a symposium issue, the answer was an easy one. For so many of us, this journal feels like home. Choosing a topic was an easy call as well. As it happened, I had recently been asked to write an encyclopedia entry on Critical Race Theory [[CRT] and criminal justice for the Oxford... |
2014 |
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| Bryce Clayton Newell |
Crossing Lenses: Policing's New Visibility and the Role of "Smartphone Journalism" as a Form of Freedom-preserving Reciprocal Surveillance |
2014 University of Illinois Journal of Law, Technology and Policy 59 (Spring, 2014) |
Citizens recording police, a form of action that has been termed sousveillance (surveillance from underneath) or the participatory panopticon, has become increasingly common in recent years. Citizen media can have a substantial impact on policing and police image management--and thus affect public perceptions of police legitimacy. On the other; Search Snippet: ...of Law, Technology and Policy Spring, 2014 Article CROSSING LENSES: POLICING'S NEW VISIBILITY AND THE ROLE OF SMARTPHONE JOURNALISM AS A... |
2014 |
Yes |
| John MacDonald, Jeremy Arkes, Nancy Nicosia, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula |
Decomposing Racial Disparities in Prison and Drug Treatment Commitments for Criminal Offenders in California |
43 Journal of Legal Studies 155 (January, 2014) |
We assess whether black-white disparities in commitments to prison or diversions to treatment for drug offenders in California can be explained by differences in the characteristics of criminal cases and whether case characteristics are weighed differently by race. We also examine whether the influence of case characteristics changed after... |
2014 |
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| Nejat Anbarci , Jungmin Lee |
Detecting Racial Bias in Speed Discounting: Evidence from Speeding Tickets in Boston |
38 International Review of Law & Economics 11 (June, 2014) |
Article history: Received 17 September 2013 Received in revised form 28 January 2014 Accepted 3 February 2014 Available online 12 February 2014 JEL classification: J70 K42 Keywords: Police discretion Racial bias Speeding tickets Speed discounting We focus on a particular kind of discretionary behavior on the part of traffic officers when issuing... |
2014 |
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| Zane A. Umsted |
Deterring Racial Bias in Criminal Justice Through Sentencing |
100 Iowa Law Review 431 (November, 2014) |
In 2013, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) published a report revealing stark racial disparities in the national enforcement of marijuana laws. The report suggested that police officers often use their law enforcement discretion to selectively patrol predominantly African American communities. This Note examines this and other... |
2014 |
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| Daniela Giordano |
Disparity in Police Procedures for Non-english Speaking Dwi Suspects: Constitutional Protections for Non-english Speaking Criminal Defendants Falling Second to Governmental Interests Supreme Court of New York New York County People V. Salazar (Decided Oct |
30 Touro Law Review 1243 (2014) |
In People v. Salazar, the court found that the New York City Police Department's (NYPD) driving while intoxicated (DWI) procedures did not violate the defendant's state or federal constitutional right to due process or equal protection. The NYPD administered a breathalyzer test to the non-English speaking defendant but did not administer a; Search Snippet: ...Law Review 2014 Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Right DISPARITY IN POLICE PROCEDURES FOR NON-ENGLISH SPEAKING DWI SUSPECTS: CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTIONS FOR... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Andrew B. Talai |
Drones and Jones: the Fourth Amendment and Police Discretion in the Digital Age |
102 California Law Review 729 (June, 2014) |
Law enforcement agencies have begun deploying drones for routine domestic surveillance operations, unrestrained by constitutional scrutiny. Indeed, Congress has mandated a comprehensive integration of unmanned aerial systems into the national airspace no later than September 30, 2015. But does the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Becky Fish |
Establishing Legitimacy Through Inclusive Re-formation: the Necessary Process for Re-forming the Seattle Police Department |
13 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 189 (Summer, 2014) |
People across Seattle expressed outrage a young White Seattle Police Officer, Ian Birk, shot and killed an elderly Native American woodcarver, John T. Williams, on August 30, 2010. Mr. Williams was partially deaf and had been standing alone on a street corner holding a piece of wood and a small carving knife. Almost six months later, King County... |
2014 |
Yes |
| David Simson |
Exclusion, Punishment, Racism and Our Schools: a Critical Race Theory Perspective on School Discipline |
61 UCLA Law Review 506 (January, 2014) |
Punitive school discipline procedures have increasingly taken hold in America's schools. While they are detrimental to the wellbeing and to the academic success of all students, they have proven to disproportionately punish minority students, especially African American youth. Such policies feed into wider social issues that, once more,... |
2014 |
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| Stephen Rushin |
Federal Enforcement of Police Reform |
82 Fordham Law Review 3189 (May, 2014) |
Congress passed 42 U.S.C. § 14141 in an effort to combat police misconduct and incentivize proactive reform in local law enforcement agencies. The statute gives the U.S. Attorney General the power to initiate structural reform litigation against local police departments engaged in a pattern or practice of unconstitutional behavior. While academics... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Natashia Tidwell |
Fragmenting the Community: Immigration Enforcement and the Unintended Consequences of Local Police Non-cooperation Policies |
88 Saint John's Law Review 105 (Spring 2014) |
The police seek and preserve public favor, not by catering to public opinion, but by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to the law, in complete independence of policy, and without regard to the justice or injustice of the substance of individual laws. -- Sir Robert Peel, the architect of modern policing Sir Robert Peel's idyllic... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Josephine Unger |
Frisky Business: Adapting New York City Policing Practices to Ameliorate Crime in Modern Day Chicago |
47 Suffolk University Law Review 659 (2014) |
We have clearly shown that police can take back streets that were given up as lost for decades. The continuing challenge for American police leaders is to take them back in a lawful and respectful manner so that the behavior of the police reflects the civil behavior society expects of all of its citizens. New York City currently maintains one of... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Mae C. Quinn |
From Turkey Trot to Twitter: Policing Puberty, Purity, and Sex-positivity |
38 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 51 (2014) |
I. Introduction. 52 II. Prosecuting Female Puberty in Early Urban America. 55 A. White Girls and the Construction of Innocence and Purity. 56 B. City Living as Deviancy. 60 1. Worries About Shared Sites. 60 2. Our Daughters Publically Performing Pleasure and Play. 63 3. Prohibition of the Actualized Adolescent Self. 65 C. Failed Efforts to Arrest; Search Snippet: ...and Social Change 2014 Article FROM TURKEY TROT TO TWITTER: POLICING PUBERTY, PURITY, AND SEX-POSITIVITY Mae C. Quinn [FNd1] Copyright... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Kami Chavis Simmons |
Future of the Fourth Amendment: the Problem with Privacy, Poverty and Policing |
14 University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class 240 (Fall 2014) |
For decades, the reasonable expectation of privacy has been the primary standard by which courts have determined whether a search has occurred within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. The Supreme Court's recent decision in U.S. v. Jones, however, has reinvigorated the physical trespass doctrine's importance when determining whether there has... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Nikita Parekh |
Hands |
13 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 599 (Fall, 2014) |
Her hands. Small, but faithful. They keep her whole. Opened: reaching outward, they welcome others forward. Her hands. Opened, soft and beautiful. They keep her whole. Remind her that she can give to others, selflessly, with all of her. But when he asks, Your ID please. Her hands tremble and fear seeps in like clouds of a newly formed storm; Search Snippet: ...victim only saw the hand of someone and informed the police she thought it was a young black man because the hand was dark in color. The police then detained and questioned any dark-skinned individual on the... |
2014 |
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| Toussaint Cummings |
I Thought He Had a Gun: Amending New York's Justification Statute to Prevent Police Officers from Mistakenly Shooting Unarmed Black Men |
12 Cardozo Public Law, Policy and Ethics Journal 781 (Summer 2014) |
And see now we got these fake cops They thought he had a gun (BAM!!) Made a mistake cops I hate cops . . . Got it bad cause I'm brown And not the other color So police think They have the authority To kill a minority Introduction. 783 I. How The Stereotypical Association of Black Men With Crime Influences Police officers' Decisions to Shoot. 787 A.... |
2014 |
Yes |
| L. Song Richardson , Phillip Atiba Goff |
Interrogating Racial Violence |
12 Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law 115 (Fall, 2014) |
INTRODUCTION. 115 I. Implicit Racial Bias. 120 A. In General. 120 B. Implicit Dehumanization. 121 II. Stereotype Threat. 124 A. In General. 124 B. Threat and Racial Violence. 126 III. Masculinity Threat. 128 A. In General. 128 B. In Police Departments. 131 C. Hypermasculinity and Hegemonic Racial Violence. 135 1. San Jose Report. 136 2. Justifying... |
2014 |
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| Corey Rashkover |
Justification for Police Intrusions Supreme Court of New York Appellate Division, First Department People V. Loretta (Decided June 18, 2013) |
30 Touro Law Review 1101 (2014) |
Delbart Loretta was convicted of criminal possession of a controlled substance in the fifth degree. Loretta was observed placing an aluminum foil object in his pocket, which was subsequently determined to be drugs. The Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, First Department, in denying Loretta's suppression motion, held that the police... |
2014 |
Yes |
| L. Darnell Weeden |
Leadership Matters: Saving Judge Scheindlin's Nypd Racial Profiling Remedy in Floyd V. City of New York |
36 Whittier Law Review 95 (Fall, 2014) |
The issue addressed in this article is whether the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit the police from implementing and engaging in a racially biased stop-and-frisk policy, where race is either the predominant or the only factor law enforcement utilizes when stopping and frisking individuals. Racial bias infringes upon the rights of... |
2014 |
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| Rima Vesely-Flad |
New York City under Siege: the Moral Politics of Policing Practices, 1993-2013 |
49 Wake Forest Law Review 889 (Fall 2014) |
Incidents of police brutality against blacks and Latinos have spurred a community-organizing movement in New York City. Since the 1990s, when several high-profile incidents of police brutality garnered widespread outrage, activists have launched numerous grassroots organizations and campaigns. Communities demonstrated in the wake of a brutal... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Arthur H. Garrison, LP.D. |
Nypd Stop and Frisk, Perceptions of Criminals, Race and the Meaning of Terry V Ohio: a Content Analysis of Floyd, et Al. V City of New York |
15 Rutgers Race & the Law Review 65 (2014) |
The New York City Police Department (NYPD) implementation of its Stop, Question, and Frisk program under Mayor Bloomberg and NYPD Commissioner Kelly has been a subject of controversy for decades. It was a strategy that dates back to 1964. After five years of litigation a federal district court held that the use of Stop, Question, and Frisk under... |
2014 |
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| Elizabeth E. Joh |
Policing by Numbers: Big Data and the Fourth Amendment |
89 Washington Law Review 35 (March, 2014) |
The age of big data has come to policing. In Chicago, police officers are paying particular attention to members of a heat list: those identified by a risk analysis as most likely to be involved in future violence. In Charlotte, North Carolina, the police have compiled foreclosure data to generate a map of high-risk areas that are likely to be... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Seth W. Stoughton |
Policing Facts |
88 Tulane Law Review 847 (May, 2014) |
The United States Supreme Court's understanding of police practices plays a significant role in the development of the constitutional rules that regulate officer conduct. As it approaches the questions of whether to engage in constitutional regulation and what form of regulation to adopt, the Court discusses the environment in which officers act,... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Sahar F. Aziz |
Policing Terrorists in the Community |
5 Harvard National Security Journal 147 (2014) |
Twelve years after the September 11th attacks, countering domestic terrorism remains a top priority for federal law enforcement agencies. Using a variety of reactive and preventive tactics, law enforcement seeks to stop terrorism before it occurs. Towards that end, community policing, developed in the 1990s to combat violent crime in inner city... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Jonathan Hafetz |
Policing the Line: International Law, Article Iii, and the Constitutional Limits of Military Jurisdiction |
2014 Wisconsin Law Review 681 (2014) |
This Article addresses an important but undertheorized question in existing jurisprudence and scholarship: the proper role of international law in determining the constitutional line between Article III courts and military commissions. This Article makes two principal arguments. First, it explains why, as a normative matter, international law... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Stephen Lee |
Policing Wage Theft in the Day Labor Market |
4 UC Irvine Law Review 655 (May, 2014) |
Introduction. 655 I. Criminalizing Wage Theft. 659 II. Enforcing Wage Theft. 664 III. Studying Wage Theft. 668 A. The Evolving Nature of Police Discretion. 668 B. Disaggregating the Local. 671 C. The Costs of Criminalization. 674 Conclusion. 678; Search Snippet: ...LAW REVIEW UC Irvine Law Review May, 2014 Article & Essay POLICING WAGE THEFT IN THE DAY LABOR MARKET Stephen Lee [FNa1... |
2014 |
Yes |
| David M. Jaros |
Preempting the Police |
55 Boston College Law Review 1149 (September, 2014) |
The challenge of regulating police discretion is exacerbated by the fact that a great deal of questionable police activity exists in the legal shadows-unregulated practices that do not violate defined legal limits because they have generally eluded both judicial and legislative scrutiny. Local law enforcement strategies, like the... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Benjamin Feist, Teresa Nelson, Ian Bratlie |
Racial Profiling in Greater Minnesota and the Case for Expanding the Driver's License Privilege to All Minnesota Residents |
5 William Mitchell Law Raza Journal 82 (2013-2014) |
Racial profiling is a pervasive issue for immigrants in the United States, and it is becoming increasingly problematic for Latinos living and working in the predominantly rural communities of Greater Minnesota. Reports from throughout the state indicate that Latinos are disproportionately targeted by the police on a regular basis. In the waning... |
2014 |
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| Jaren Fernan |
Searches and Seizures: Constitutionally Protected or Discretionary Police Work? Supreme Court of New York Appellate Division, Second Department People V. Kennebrew (Decided May 29, 2013) |
30 Touro Law Review 1053 (2014) |
In recent times, a debate has stirred over whether the New York Police Department's (NYPD) stop and frisk practices are unconstitutional. The Supreme Court of the United States has held that the Fourth Amendment protections from unreasonable search and seizure are so vital that [n]o right is held more sacred, or is more carefully guarded. The... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Daniel J. Gilbert |
Some Mistakes Are Greater than Others: Why a Categorical Exclusion Is a Proper Response to a Police Officer's Mistake of Law During a Traffic Stop |
11 Seton Hall Circuit Review 228 (Fall, 2014) |
Introduction. 229 II. Background. 232 A. Determining Reasonable Suspicion for Traffic Stops. 232 B. Evolution of the Fourth Amendment's Exclusionary Rule. 233 C. Federal Circuit Split on Police Officer's Mistake of Law During a Traffic Stop. 237 1. Categorical Exclusion. 238 2. Objective Reasonableness. 240 3. Expanding Upon the Objective... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Paul Butler |
Stop and Frisk and Torture-lite: Police Terror of Minority Communities |
12 Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law 57 (Fall, 2014) |
The Supreme Court's decision in Terry v. Ohio authorizes the police to stop and frisk. The police can temporarily detain someone they suspect of a crime, and they can pat down suspects they think might be armed. Because the reasonable suspicion standard that authorizes stops and frisks is lenient, the police have wide discretion in who they... |
2014 |
Yes |
| G. Flint Taylor |
The Chicago Police Torture Scandal: a Legal and Political History |
17 CUNY Law Review 329 (Summer, 2014) |
Introduction. 330 I. The Wilson Criminal Case. 331 II. The Andrew Wilson Civil Case. 334 III. The Anonymous Letters from Deep Badge. 335 IV. Office of Professional Standards Reports. 338 V. The Firing of Jon Burge. 339 VI. Wilson Civil Suit on Remand. 340 VII. Area 2 Torture by Burge's Midnight Crew. 343 VIII. The Banks and Bates Cases. 343 IX.... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Seth W. Stoughton |
The Incidental Regulation of Policing |
98 Minnesota Law Review 2179 (June, 2014) |
In his groundbreaking 1968 study, James Q. Wilson described how a law enforcement agency's style is influenced by the local political environment. In a passing parenthetical, Wilson noted that police practices may be affected in unintended ways by various political actions, but that is another matter. The study of legal decisions that affect... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Kami Chavis Simmons |
The Legacy of Stop and Frisk: Addressing the Vestiges of a Violent Police Culture |
49 Wake Forest Law Review 849 (Fall 2014) |
It was very confusing to me . . . . Before that incident I thought [the police] were heroes. When they violated me like that, it was like seeing Batman or Superman slap a baby. --riko Guzman Stopped and frisked in front of his own home at eleven years old. In the introduction to his famous essay, Violence and the Word, Robert Cover explained that... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Andrew Martinez Whitson |
The Need for Additional Safeguards Against Racist Police Practices: a Call for Change to Massachusetts & Illinois Wiretapping Laws |
34 Boston College Journal of Law & Social Justice 195 (Winter, 2014) |
Police misconduct is still prevalent throughout the United States. Unfortunately for members of minority communities, this misconduct often comes in the form of racially discriminatory police practices. In many cases, such practices are deeply rooted in the police department's culture. It is imperative that all citizens are equipped with... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Rachel E. Barkow |
The New Policing of Business Crime |
37 Seattle University Law Review 435 (Winter, 2014) |
The majority of police departments in the United States changed their policing practices in various ways in the 1980s and 1990s in a group of varied reforms often lumped together under the heading of the new policing. While earlier police reform efforts focused on professionalizing the force, the new policing emphasized a shift away from a model... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Karena Rahall |
The Siren Is Calling: Economic and Ideological Trends Toward Privatization of Public Police Forces |
68 University of Miami Law Review 633 (Spring, 2014) |
The landmark Supreme Court ruling in Citizens United has opened the floodgates to allow unlimited corporate campaign donations, and Supreme Court doctrine is shifting back to the Lochner-era's focus on economic rights. At the same time, there are efforts underway across the United States to privatize public services in order to alleviate what... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Mae Kuykendall , Charles Adside, III |
Unmuting the Volume: Fisher, Affirmative Action Jurisprudence, and the Legacy of Racial Silence |
22 William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 1011 (May, 2014) |
As typified by its recent decisions in Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin and Shelby County v. Holder, the Supreme Court's jurisprudence concerning race has long imposed strict judicial oversight over any use of race for the formulation of public policy. This top-down approach has invited various undesirable outcomes, the most pernicious of... |
2014 |
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| John J. Ensminger , L.E. Papet |
Walking Search Warrants: Canine Forensics and Police Culture after Florida V. Harris |
10 Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law L. 1 (June, 2014) |
An Ohio deputy sheriff recently described his narcotics detection dog as somewhat of a walking search warrant. This is a practical, if rather presumptuous, distillation of prior Supreme Court rulings on the use of narcotics detection dogs at airports and traffic stops. Florida v. Harris, one of the Court's two police canine opinions issued in... |
2014 |
Yes |
| John J. Ensminger , L.E. Papet |
Walking Search Warrants: Canine Forensics and Police Culture after Florida V. Harris |
10 Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law 1 (June, 2014) |
An Ohio deputy sheriff recently described his narcotics detection dog as somewhat of a walking search warrant. This is a practical, if rather presumptuous, distillation of prior Supreme Court rulings on the use of narcotics detection dogs at airports and traffic stops. Florida v. Harris, one of the Court's two police canine opinions issued in; Search Snippet: ...Law June, 2014 Article WALKING SEARCH WARRANTS: CANINE FORENSICS AND POLICE CULTURE AFTER FLORIDA v. HARRIS John J. Ensminger [FN1] L.E... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Gregory T. Frohman |
What Is and What Should Never Be: Examining the Artificial Circuit ""Split" on Citizens Recording Official Police Action |
64 Case Western Reserve Law Review 1897 (Summer, 2014) |
Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him power. The free flow of information concerning public officials' performance of their duties, widely disseminated to the citizenry, is important to the proper functioning of a democratic republic. Courts have traditionally recognized the important role of; Search Snippet: ...BE: EXAMINING THE ARTIFICIAL CIRCUIT SPLIT ON CITIZENS RECORDING OFFICIAL POLICE ACTION Gregory T. Frohman [FNd1] Copyright © 2014 by Case Western... |
2014 |
Yes |
| Rasheena Latham |
Who Really Murdered Trayvon? A Critical Analysis of the Relationship Between Institutional Racism in the Criminal Justice System and Trayvon Martin's Death |
8 Southern Journal of Policy and Justice 80 (Spring 2014) |
There has always been some sort of system in place to maintain white supremacy in America. This control mechanism has not been more apparent than in the criminal justice system. A critical review of America's criminal justice system shows the overwhelming prejudicial treatment of people of color. This disparate treatment can be seen through the... |
2014 |
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| Molly A. Schiffer |
Women of Color and Crime: a Critical Race Theory Perspective to Address Disparate Prosecution |
56 Arizona Law Review 1203 (2014) |
This Note seeks to acknowledge, explain, and offer a remedy to the problem of disparate prosecution of women of color. Women of color are disproportionately arrested and prosecuted for felonies around the country, and are overrepresented in the criminal justice system compared to their white women counterparts. Black and Native women are prosecuted... |
2014 |
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| Timothy D. Rodden Jr. |
Yes, this Phone Records Audio!: the Case for Allowing Surreptitious Citizen Recordings of Public Police Encounters |
47 Suffolk University Law Review 905 (2014) |
Once a government is committed to the principle of silencing the voice of opposition, it has only one way to go, and that is down the path of increasingly repressive measures, until it becomes a source of terror to all its citizens and creates a country where everyone lives in fear. In today's technologically advanced world, nearly fifty percent; Search Snippet: ...AUDIO!: THE CASE FOR ALLOWING SURREPTITIOUS CITIZEN RECORDINGS OF PUBLIC POLICE ENCOUNTERS Timothy D. Rodden Jr. Copyright (c) 2014 Suffolk University... |
2014 |
Yes |