AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearkey Terms in Title
Ani Boyadjian MOVING TOWARD POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY: BEYOND SENATE BILL 2 56 Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 1355 (Fall, 2023) On September 30, 2021, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed into law Senate Bill 2 (SB 2), creat[ing] a system to investigate and revoke or suspend peace officer certification for serious misconduct, as well as establishing the Peace Officer Standards Accountability Division and the Peace Standards Accountability Advisory Board, which will be... 2023 Yes
Alexandria Howell NO CHOICE BUT TO COMPLY: IMAGINING AN ALTERNATIVE HOLDING WHERE ATTEMPTED & TOUCHLESS SEIZURES IMPLICATE THE FOURTH AMENDMENT 98 New York University Law Review 848 (June, 2023) Torres v. Madrid is a seminal Supreme Court decision that was decided during the 2021 Supreme Court term. Torres centered on whether a woman who was shot in the back by the police but managed to escape was seized under the Fourth Amendment. This was a decision that garnered widespread attention because it was decided during a national reckoning... 2023  
Hayley Bork NO NEED FOR SPEED: THE INHERENT UNREASONABLENESS OF HIGH-SPEED POLICE CHASES AND A NEW APPROACH TO EXCESSIVE FORCE LITIGATION 88 Brooklyn Law Review 649 (Winter, 2023) But all our phrasing--race relations, racial chasm, racial justice, racial profiling, white privilege, even white supremacy--serves to obscure that racism is a visceral experience, that it dislodges brains, blocks airways, rips muscle, extracts organs, cracks bones, breaks teeth. You must never look away from this. You must always remember that... 2023 Yes
Allison R. Gilbert, Reah Siegel, Michele M. Easter, Meret S. Hofer, Josie Caves Sivaraman, Deniz Ariturk, Jeffrey W. Swanson, Marvin Swartz, Ruth Wygle, Grace Feng NORTH CAROLINA LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTED DIVERSION (LEAD): CONSIDERATIONS FOR OPTIMIZING ELIGIBILITY AND REFERRAL 86 Law and Contemporary Problems 73 (2023) In 2011, a diverse group of stakeholders in Seattle, Washington, developed an alternative to repeated arrests and incarceration of people whose low-level unlawful conduct stemmed from unmet behavioral health needs, launching a new model called Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD). Centered at the intersection of public health, public safety,... 2023  
Aliza Hochman Bloom OBJECTIVE ENOUGH: RACE IS RELEVANT TO THE REASONABLE PERSON IN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 19 Stanford Journal of Civil Rights & Civil Liberties 1 (April, 2023) There is overwhelming evidence that an individual's race affects how police treat them during a police encounter, and that Black Americans have substantial cause to worry about the consequences of ignoring or walking away from law enforcement. Accordingly, when courts determine whether a reasonable person feels free to decline, leave, or end an... 2023  
Madison Sykes PATROLLING FOR POLICE DISGUISED AS CULTURAL EXPERTS: CALIFORNIA'S OPPORTUNITY TO DISSOLVE THE EXPERT ADMISSIBILITY DOUBLE STANDARD AND RESTORE DUE PROCESS 55 University of the Pacific Law Review 129 (November, 2023) C1-2Table of Contents I. Introduction. 130 II. Development of the Double Standard of Admissible Expert Testimony. 133 A. Opinion Testimony in the California Evidence Code. 134 B. The Judicial Gatekeeping Standard and Evidentiary Decisions Expanding Expert Testimony. 134 C. Limiting Expert Testimony in California. 136 D. Fourteenth Amendment... 2023 Yes
Nora G. McNeil PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE BIASES IN THE UPTAKE OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA FOOTAGE: IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR INTRODUCTION OF VIDEO EVIDENCE AT TRIAL 41 Quinnipiac Law Review 499 (2023) I. Introduction. 500 II. Perceptual and Cognitive Biases. 504 A. Camera Perspective Bias. 505 1. Camera Perspective Bias: Foundational Research and Principles. 506 2. Illusory Causation. 509 3. Salience. 511 4. Attention. 513 5. Memory-Based and Perceptual-Based Cognition. 518 6. Self-Imagery. 521 B. The Effect of Movement and Motion Blur. 524 C.... 2023 Yes
  PESSIMISTIC POLICE ABOLITION 136 Harvard Law Review 1156 (February, 2023) The movement for police abolition seeks to eliminate, or massively downsize, American policing. Mariame Kaba's Yes, We Mean Literally Abolish the Police marks the movement's new life in the mainstream. Featured prominently in the New York Times, Kaba's article presents the two premises that build to abolition. First, the police suppress[]... 2023 Yes
Kelly Recker POCKET POLICE: THE PLAIN FEEL DOCTRINE THIRTY YEARS LATER 121 Michigan Law Review 845 (March, 2023) The idea that a police officer can park in a low-income neighborhood, pull someone over because of their race, frisk everyone in the car, let them go if their pockets are empty, and do the whole thing over and over again until the officer finds something illegal seems deeply upsetting and violative, to say the least. And yet, pretextual traffic... 2023 Yes
Falco Anthony Muscante II POLICE BRUTALITY & UNIONS: COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IS THE PROBLEM, NOT LAW ENFORCEMENT 13 University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review 24 (Spring, 2023) When Derek Chauvin knelt on George Floyd's neck for more than nine minutes, and when Jason Van Dyke fired sixteen rounds at Laquan McDonald who was walking away from the responding officers, were Chauvin and Van Dyke acting exclusively of their own volition, or were their actions indicative of a deeper, systemic issue? Nearly 60% of law enforcement... 2023 Yes
Nadia Banteka POLICE BRUTALITY AS TORTURE 70 UCLA Law Review 470 (August, 2023) Racial justice is one of the most pressing issues in America today, and police brutality is its flashpoint. Incident after incident of police brutality confirm that police harm with impunity those whom they have a duty to protect. Existing criminal statutes are filled with discretionary standards that give officers deference, while civil remedies... 2023 Yes
Rachel Moran, School of Law, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; email: rmoran@stthomas.edu POLICE GO TO COURT: POLICE OFFICERS AS WITNESSES/DEFENDANTS 19 Annual Review of Law and Social Science 93 (2023) police, police accountability, law enforcement, perjury, Brady evidence, qualified immunity Police officers regularly serve as government witnesses in criminal cases. In recent years, they have also increasingly found themselves as defendants facing criminal charges, civil lawsuits, or both. This article surveys scholarly literature on police... 2023 Yes
Zachary D. Kaufman POLICE POLICING POLICE 91 George Washington Law Review 353 (April, 2023) Police killings of George Floyd and at least 2,218 other Black Americans since 2015 amplified a racial reckoning and intensified demands for meaningful, overdue police reform. This Article is the first legal scholarship to argue that Congress and state legislatures across the United States should enact criminal laws creating a law enforcement... 2023 Yes
Christina Koningisor POLICE SECRECY EXCEPTIONALISM 123 Columbia Law Review 615 (April, 2023) Every state has a set of transparency statutes that bind state and local governments. In theory, these statutes apply with equal force to every agency. Yet, in practice, law enforcement agencies enjoy a wide variety of unique secrecy protections denied to other government entities. Legislators write police-specific exemptions into public records... 2023 Yes
Elif M. Babül, Mount Holyoke College POLICE, PROVOCATION, POLITICS: COUNTERINSURGENCY IN ISTANBUL DENIZ YONUCU (ITHACA AND LONDON: CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2022) 46 PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 1 (May, 2023) Deniz Yonucu's remarkable book traces the history of politics and policing in one of Istanbul's predominantly Alevi, working class, dissident neighborhoods, which she calls Devrimova. Following philosopher Jacques Ranciere, Yonucu takes politics and policing as antithetical to one another, both with the goal to transform populations. She asserts... 2023 Yes
I. Bennett Capers POLICING "BAD" MOTHERS: THE SCHOOL FOR GOOD MOTHERS. BY JESSAMINE CHAN. NEW YORK, N.Y.: SIMON & SCHUSTER. 2022. PP. 324. $17.99. TORN APART: HOW THE CHILD WELFARE SYSTEM DESTROYS BLACK FAMILIES--AND HOW ABOLITION CAN BUILD A SAFER WORLD. BY DOROTHY ROBERT 136 Harvard Law Review 2044 (June, 2023) Jessamine Chan's The School for Good Mothers is not a great book. I don't mean that in the sense the writer Judith Newman did when she wrote in the New York Times Book Review one Mother's Day: No subject offers a greater opportunity for terrible writing than motherhood. Rather, I simply mean The School for Good Mothers isn't great literature. I... 2023 Yes
Steven Arrigg Koh POLICING & THE PROBLEM OF PHYSICAL RESTRAINT 64 Boston College Law Review 309 (February, 2023) Introduction. 311 I. The Problem of Physical Restraint. 316 A. The Case of Rayshard Brooks. 317 B. The Body Mechanics Gap. 320 II. An Inevitable Problem: Police Reformism and Abolitionism. 323 III. Physical Restraint in Law and the Political Economy of Policing. 326 A. Capacious Constitutional Law. 327 1. Fourth Amendment Seizures. 329 2. Three... 2023 Yes
Jeffrey W. Swanson , Marvin S. Swartz , Brandon Garrett POLICING AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CONDITIONS 86 Law and Contemporary Problems I (2023) When police officers address public safety, they increasingly encounter individuals with behavioral health care needs. We do not ordinarily think of police as frontline mental health care workers; they are not trained as treatment providers. And yet, many of the people that police routinely detain, question, search, and arrest are acutely in need... 2023 Yes
Ndjuoh MehChu POLICING AS ASSAULT 111 California Law Review 865 (June, 2023) From ending qualified immunity, to establishing community control over policing, to eradicating the institution of policing altogether, proposals to remedy the issue of police violence are on everyone's lips. But, in the deep reservoir of proposals, the meaning of police violence has received relatively little attention. How should we think... 2023 Yes
Julia Doherty POLICING FOR PROFIT: A CONSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF WASHINGTON STATE'S CIVIL FORFEITURE LAWS 46 Seattle University Law Review 773 (Spring, 2023) C1-2Contents Introduction. 773 I. History of Civil Asset Forfeiture. 775 A. Historical Origins. 776 B. Modern Forfeiture. 776 C. Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform Act. 777 D. Contemporary Discussions. 778 II. Civil Forfeiture in Washington State. 779 III. Due Process Concerns Demands Change in Washington State. 781 A. Constitutional Protections from... 2023 Yes
Abigail Nieves Delgado POLICING IN CRYPTORACIAL SOCIETIES: THE CASE OF MEXICO 46 PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 114 (May, 2023) In 2013, the Official Journal of the Federation of Mexico listed the key challenges facing Mexico's judicial institutions: a lack of public trust due to widespread corruption and systematic failure to prosecute and convict criminals (DOF, 2014). A plan to address these issues ensued. Written by the National Conference on the Administration and... 2023 Yes
Valena E. Beety , Jennifer D. Oliva POLICING PREGNANCY "CRIMES" 98 New York University Law Review Online 29 (March, 2023) The Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization held that there is no right to abortion healthcare under the United States Constitution. This Essay details how states prosecuted pregnant people for pregnancy behaviors and speculative fetal harms prior to the Dobbs decision. In this connection, it also identifies two,... 2023 Yes
Jenny E. Carroll POLICING PROTEST: SPEECH, SPACE, CRIME, AND THE JURY 133 Yale Law Journal 175 (October, 2023) Speech is more than just an individual right--it can serve as a catalyst for democratically driven revolution and reform, particularly for minority or marginalized positions. In the past decade, the nation has experienced a rise in mass protests. However, dissent and disobedience in the form of such protests is not without consequences. While the... 2023 Yes
Avlana K. Eisenberg POLICING THE DANGER NARRATIVE 113 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 473 (Summer, 2023) The clamor for police reform in the United States has reached a fever pitch. The current debate has mainly centered around questions of police function: What functions should police perform, and how should they perform them to avoid injustice and unnecessary harm? This Article, in contrast, focuses on a central aspect of police culture--namely, how... 2023 Yes
Michael Brewster POLICING THE POLICE: UTILIZING THE RIGHT TO RECORD AND CIVILIAN OVERSIGHT BOARDS TO MONITOR POLICE ACTIVITY IN THE UNITED STATES 88 Brooklyn Law Review 993 (Spring, 2023) If the broad light of day could be let in upon men's actions, it would purify them as the sun disinfects.--Louis D. Brandeis On June 25, 2021, former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin was sentenced to twenty-two and a half years in prison for the murder of George Floyd, which was caught on film. Bystander video footage captured former... 2023 Yes
Zachary R.M. Outzen POLICING VETERANS: WHAT THE VETERANS AFFAIRS POLICE CAN ILLUSTRATE ABOUT THE POLICING OF DISABILITY IN AMERICA 21 Seattle Journal for Social Justice 423 (Winter, 2023) Hospitals are for making sick people healthy. Guns are for killing people. The Department of Veterans Affairs Police (VA Police), a federal law enforcement agency tasked with law enforcement on Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) properties, has a shocking record of misconduct and brutality against veterans. Because the VA is the largest... 2023 Yes
Miriam Aroni Krinsky, Justin Murray, Maybell Romero PREFACE: NEW DIRECTIONS IN PROSECUTORIAL REFORM 60 American Criminal Law Review 1369 (Fall, 2023) This Preface, which introduces the American Criminal Law Review's Symposium Issue on Reform-Minded Prosecution, begins by describing the power that prosecutors hold in the criminal legal system, which has historically gone unchecked and unquestioned. As mass incarceration, police violence, and wrongful convictions began to permeate the public... 2023  
Osagie K. Obasogie , Peyton Provenzano RACE, RACISM, AND POLICE USE OF FORCE IN 21ST CENTURY CRIMINOLOGY: AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION 69 UCLA Law Review 1206 (January, 2023) Race scholars have voiced concerns about the field of c riminology and how it examines issues pertaining to race, racism, and racial difference. Various critiques have been made, from the field's overly positivist approach that privileges white logics that obscure the nuance of race relations to methodological critiques on how the field... 2023 Yes
Michael Heise RACIAL ISOLATION, SCHOOL POLICE, AND THE "SCHOOL-TO-PRISON PIPELINE": AN EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE ENDURING SALIENCE OF "TIPPING POINTS" 71 Buffalo Law Review 163 (April, 2023) Two broad trends inform public K-12 education's current trajectory. One involves persisting (and recently increasing) school racial isolation which helps account for an array of costs borne by students, schools, and communities. A second trend, involving a dramatically increasing police presence in schools, is evidenced by a rising school resource... 2023 Yes
Jennifer S. Hunt , Stephane M. Shepherd RACIAL JUSTICE IN PSYCHOLEGAL RESEARCH AND FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY PRACTICE: CURRENT ADVANCES AND A FRAMEWORK FOR FUTURE PROGRESS 47 Law and Human Behavior 1 (February, 2023) Police killings of Black civilians have brought unprecedented attention to racial and ethnic discrimination in the criminal justice and legal systems. However, these topics have been underexamined in the field of law--psychology, both in research and forensic--clinical practice. We discuss how a racial justice framework can provide guidance for... 2023  
Deniz Yonucu , Caroline Mary Parker RACISM AND POLICING BEYOND NORTH AMERICA 46 PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 112 (May, 2023) In this issue's Directions section, we initiate a discussion on racism and policing in places beyond North America. Part of our motivation for doing so stems from a common experience we share--as antiracist educators and as anthropologists of policing and the carceral state--in our classrooms and even among our peers. This is the misplaced notion... 2023 Yes
Beth Caldwell REIFYING INJUSTICE: USING CULTURALLY SPECIFIC TATTOOS AS A MARKER OF GANG MEMBERSHIP 98 Washington Law Review 787 (October, 2023) Abstract: The gang label has been so highly racialized that white people who self-identify as gang members are almost never categorized as gang members by law enforcement, while Black and Latino people who are not gang members are routinely labeled and targeted as if they were. Different rules attach to people under criminal law once they are... 2023  
Shirley LaVarco REIMAGINING THE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACT FROM A TRANSFORMATIVE JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE: DECARCERATION AND FINANCIAL REPARATIONS FOR CRIMINALIZED SURVIVORS OF SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE 98 New York University Law Review 912 (June, 2023) While the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) has long been venerated as a major legislative victory for those subjected to sexual and gender-based violence (S/GBV), VAWA is less often understood as the funding boon that it is for police, prosecutors, and prisons. A growing literature on the harms of carceral feminism has shown that VAWA has never... 2023  
Thalia González RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DIVERSION AS A STRUCTURAL HEALTH INTERVENTION IN THE CRIMINAL LEGAL SYSTEM 113 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 541 (Summer, 2023) A new discourse at the intersection of criminal justice and public health is bringing to light how exposure to the ordinariness of racism in the criminal legal system--whether in policing practices or carceral settings--leads to extraordinary outcomes in health. Drawing on empirical evidence of the deleterious health effects of system involvement... 2023  
William Jacobs-Perez RETHINKING GUN VIOLENCE PREVENTION: POST-BRUEN POLICING AND THE DECRIMINALIZATION OF MINORITY GUN OWNERSHIP 23 University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class 104 (Spring, 2023) For decades a successful conservative movement has worked to refashion the Second Amendment from a collective right to maintain militias towards a wide-ranging individual right to keep and bear arms. However, absent from this newfound right have been poor men of color, who instead of benefiting from a philosophy centered on liberalizing gun... 2023 Yes
Beth A. Colgan REVENUE, RACE, AND THE POTENTIAL UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT REFORM 101 North Carolina Law Review 889 (May, 2023) In response to repeated and highly publicized killings of people at the hands of law enforcement during traffic stops, there is growing interest among distraught relatives, advocates, scholars, and lawmakers in traffic enforcement reform. These efforts have included shifts in the methods of enforcement--for example, the use of unarmed civilian... 2023  
Katherine I. Puzone REVISITING THE "UNPROVOKED FLIGHT IN A HIGH CRIME AREA" STANDARD OF ILLINOIS v. WARDLOW IN LIGHT OF RECENT DEADLY INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MINORITIES AND LAW ENFORCEMENT 47 Law & Psychology Review 65 (2022-2023) C1-2Table of Contents I. The Court's Reasoning in Illinois v. Wardlow is no Longer Applicaple in Light of the Number of Killings of Unarmed Persons--Especially Minorities--at the Hands of Law Enforcement. 68 II. Recent Supreme Court Cases Recognizing How Adolescent Brain Development Affects Behavior Combined with Recent Events Involving Fatal... 2023  
Josephine L. Mlakar RUNNING A RED LIGHT: HOW PENNSYLVANIA RUSHED TO ITS DESTINATION AND FAILED TO DEFINE "EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES" IN COMMONWEALTH v. ALEXANDER 61 Duquesne Law Review 308 (Summer, 2023) The United States Supreme Court and the Pennsylvania Supreme Court both recognize an automobile exception to the warrant requirement pursuant to their respective constitutions. In 2014, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court adopted the federal automobile exception. Under the federal automobile exception, police can search a vehicle without a warrant... 2023  
Naomi Murakawa SAY THEIR NAMES, SUPPORT THEIR KILLERS: POLICE REFORM AFTER THE 2020 BLACK LIVES MATTER UPRISINGS 69 UCLA Law Review 1430 (September, 2023) Since the unprecedented Summer 2020 uprisings against policing and racism, many elites have embraced an anti-woke politics that openly celebrates law-and-order authoritarianism, heteropatriarchy, and white nationalism. This Article attends to a different but reinforcing response to the George Floyd uprisings: repression through a politics of... 2023 Yes
Rachel Moran SCOFFLAW LAW ENFORCEMENT 69 Wayne Law Review 31 (Spring, 2023) I. Introduction. 32 II. Motivations for Scofflaw Behavior by Law Enforcement. 34 A. Law Violations Motivated by Convenience. 34 B. Law Violations Motivated by an End Justifies the Means Mentality. 35 C. Law Violations Motivated by Self-Protection. 37 D. Law Violations as Expressions of Political Values. 39 E. Law Violations Motivated by Contempt... 2023  
Julian V. Roberts, Gabrielle Watson, Rhys Hester SENTENCING MEMBERS OF MINORITY GROUPS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVEMENT IN FOUR COUNTRIES 52 Crime and Justice 343 (2023) Members of racial, ethnic, and Indigenous minorities have long accounted for disproportionate percentages of prison admissions in Western nations and of prison populations. The minorities affected vary between countries. Discriminatory or differential treatment by criminal justice officials from policing through to parole is part of the problem.... 2023  
Annie Jordan SEX, DRUGS, AND BALLOT MEASURES: AN ARGUMENT FOR MASSACHUSETTS TO FULLY DECRIMINALIZE PROSTITUTION 56 Suffolk University Law Review 145 (2023) Say that one of those women was a sex worker, then is that person meant to be shamed in their death? Would they have deserved it? The answer is no. On March 16, 2021, an armed shooter killed eight people at two massage businesses associated with prostitution. The shooter told law enforcement the victims were temptations to eliminate. These... 2023  
Samuel Vincent Jones SEXUALIZED POLICE VIOLENCE AND BIAS: ARE BLACK MALES MOST VULNERABLE? 56 UIC Law Review 627 (Winter 2023) It is sometimes mistakenly thought that the black male experience represents a mere racial variation on the white male experience and that black men suffer from discrimination only because they are black. Conceptualizing separate over-lapping black and male categories has sometimes interfered with the recognition that certain distinctive features... 2023 Yes
Fred B. Brown SHOULD THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HELP STATES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS PAY FOR POLICE MISCONDUCT THROUGH TAX-EXEMPT BONDS? 42 Virginia Tax Review 287 (Winter, 2023) A national issue of utmost importance is police misconduct, especially as it affects people of color. Tragic events involving police misconduct have led to proposals for police reform--which have run the gamut from abolishing the police, defunding the police, replacing the police for certain functions, and improved police training and hiring... 2023 Yes
Paul Butler SISTERS GONNA WORK IT OUT: BLACK WOMEN AS REFORMERS AND RADICALS IN THE CRIMINAL LEGAL SYSTEM 121 Michigan Law Review 1071 (April, 2023) Becoming Abolitionists: Police, Protests, and the Pursuit of Freedom. By Derecka Purnell. New York: Astra House. 2021. Pp. 288. Cloth, $28. Paper, $18. Progressive Prosecution: Race and Reform in Criminal Justice. Edited by Kim Taylor-Thompson and Anthony C. Thompson. New York: New York University Press. 2022. Pp. 312. $45. Black women are guiding... 2023  
Brendan Max SOUNDTHINKING'S BLACK-BOX GUNSHOT DETECTION METHOD: UNTESTED AND UNVETTED TECH FLOURISHES IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM 26 Stanford Technology Law Review (2023) (Spring, 2023) SoundThinking has successfully marketed their ShotSpotter forensic gunshot detection method to police departments and prosecutors as a reliable method for detecting and locating gunfire incidents in urban environments and generating admissible evidence for use in criminal prosecutions. The ShotSpotter method involves networks of microphones... 2023  
Matthew Boaz SPECULATIVE IMMIGRATION POLICY 37 Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 183 (Winter, 2023) This Article considers how speculative fiction was wielded by the Trump administration to implement destructive U.S. immigration policy. It analyzes the thematic elements from a particular apocalyptic novel, traces those themes through actual policy implemented by the president, and considers the harm effected by such policies. This Article... 2023  
Paul H. Robinson , Jeffrey Seaman , Muhammad Sarahne STANDING BACK AND STANDING DOWN: CITIZEN NON-COOPERATION AND POLICE NON-INTERVENTION AS CAUSES OF JUSTICE FAILURES AND CRIME 51 Hofstra Law Review 923 (Summer, 2023) It may surprise many that America's justice system fails to find or punish offenders for the vast majority of serious crimes. Failures of justice are the norm, not the exception. Most killers get away with murder. In 2020, there were 24,576 homicides in America, and police solved just 10,115 of those--41.2%. Even worse, usually less than half of... 2023 Yes
Zoha Waseem STATELESS AND VULNERABLE: RACE, POLICING, AND CITIZENSHIP IN PAKISTAN 46 PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 128 (May, 2023) Some time ago, I approached a senior police officer in Pakistan, hoping to pitch a participatory action research project. The one I had in mind, I hoped, would help improve police-community interactions, especially in the context of migrant communities and those social groups rendered vulnerable due to their contested citizenship status or because... 2023 Yes
Antoinette Kavanaugh , Victoria Pietruszka , Danielle Rynczak , Dinisha Blanding TAKING THE NEXT STEP IN MIRANDA EVALUATIONS: CONSIDERING RACIAL TRAUMA AND THE IMPACT OF PRIOR POLICE CONTACT 47 Law and Human Behavior 249 (February, 2023) By law, before interrrogating a suspect who is in custody, the police should inform them of their Miranda rights--the rights against self-incrimination and to an attorney. When a suspect or defendant waives their Miranda rights, a judge ultimately determines whether the waiver was legal. In making this determination, the judge employs the totality... 2023 Yes
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