AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYear
Karla M. McKanders IMMIGRATION AND RACIAL JUSTICE: ENFORCING THE BORDERS OF BLACKNESS 37 Georgia State University Law Review 1139 (Summer, 2021) Black immigrants are invisible at the intersection of their race and immigration status. Until recently, conversations on border security, unlawful immigration, and national security obscured racially motivated laws seeking to halt the blackening and browning of America. This Article engages with the impact of immigration enforcement at the... 2021
Aila Hoss INDIANA'S INDIAN LAWS: INDIGENOUS ERASURE AND RACISM IN THE LAND OF THE INDIANS 30-SPG Kansas Journal of Law & Public Policy 184 (Spring, 2021) In response to a request for funding on Tribal and Indian law research, a director level position from Indiana University who reviewed a draft of the proposal stated that the author needed to clear why a team from the middle of Indiana is positioned to conduct this research and that it is her job to point out the obvious. In the author's... 2021
Susan Ayres INSIDE THE MASTER'S GATES: RESOURCES AND TOOLS TO DISMANTLE RACISM AND SEXISM IN HIGHER EDUCATION 21 Journal of Law in Society 20 (Winter, 2021) INTRODUCTION. 21 I. DISMANTLING THE MASTER'S HOUSE: RESOURCES. 28 II. SUBSTANCE OF FIRE AND THE STORYTELLING MOVEMENT. 31 A. The Backstory. 31 B. Overview of Substance of Fire. 33 C. The Case for Storytelling. 35 III. SUBSTANCE OF FIRE: NARRATIVES AND COUNTER-STORYTELLING. 37 A. Lack of Mentors, Microaggressions. 38 B. Performing Gender, Safe... 2021
Tanya Katerí Hernández , © 2020 IS THERE A "MULATTO ESCAPE HATCH" OUT OF RACISM?: A REFLECTION ON MULTIRACIAL EXCEPTIONALISM DURING A TIME OF #BLACKLIVESMATTER 34 Journal of Civil Rights & Economic Development 65 (Spring, 2021) A mulatto escape hatch is an escape from the disabilities of blackness for some colored people. To have a symposium organized to review the ideas in my book, Multiracials and Civil Rights: Mixed-Race Stories of Discrimination, is an honor, and the JCRED editors, along with their dynamic Faculty Advisors Elaine Chiu and Rosa Castello, have my... 2021
David A. Grenardo IT'S WORTH A SHOT: CAN SPORTS COMBAT RACISM IN THE UNITED STATES? 12 Harvard Journal of Sports & Entertainment Law 237 (Spring, 2021) Racism has stained this country throughout its history, and racism persists today in the United States, including in sports. Sports represent a reflection of society and its ills, but they can also provide a powerful means to combat racism. This article examines the state of racism in society and sports both historically and today. It also provides... 2021
Anna Harvey, Sidak Yntiso JUDICIAL ACCOUNTABILITY AND RACIAL DISPARITY IN CRIMINAL APPEALS 50 Journal of Legal Studies 261 (June, 2021) Existing research indicates that retention through election induces larger effects on judicial votes in criminal cases than retention through appointment. Yet such research has addressed neither case selection effects across retention institutions nor heterogeneous treatment effects by defendants' and judges' race. Leveraging the unique retention... 2021
Merideth J. Hogan , Diana Stanley KANSAS BAR ASSOCIATION DIVERSITY COMMITTEE'S RESPONSE TO RACIAL INJUSTICE 90-DEC Journal of the Kansas Bar Association 42 (November/December, 2021) In February 2021, the Kansas Bar Association Diversity Committee proposed six initiatives to the Board of Governors. These initiatives are the collective work of many legal practitioners in our state and focus on remedying racial injustice. Happily, the Board of Governors approved the initiatives with high support. This article serves as an update... 2021
Eric J. Miller KNOWING YOUR PLACE: THE POLICE ROLE IN THE REPRODUCTION OF RACIAL HIERARCHY 89 George Washington Law Review 1607 (December, 2021) The enforcement of criminal law by the public police is justified as enforcing civility: codes of public conduct that ensure civilians can walk down the street feeling confident about their safety and security. Civility is, however, a socially contingent phenomenon, one that often reinforces demands to acknowledge and respect some person's social... 2021
Samuel Vincent Jones LAW SCHOOLS, CULTURAL COMPETENCY, AND ANTI-BLACK RACISM: THE LIBERTY OF DISCRIMINATION 21 Berkeley Journal of African-American Law & Policy 84 (2021) Introduction. 84 I. Do Law Schools Have Liberty to Discriminate Against Black Law Students?. 86 A. The Black Law Student Experience. 87 B. Law Schools and the Liberty to Foster Anti-Black Racism. 90 II. Should Law Schools Require Cultural Competency Instruction as a Means to Curtail Anti-Black Racial Discrimination?. 96 A. Cultural Competency... 2021
Sama Kahook LEFT TO THEIR OWN DEVICES: ADDRESSING RACIAL BIASES IN THE FDA APPROVAL PROCESS FOR MEDICAL DEVICES 30 Annals of Health Law Advance Directive 153 (Spring, 2021) Unconscious bias plagues the medical field and threatens the diagnosis, treatment, and physician-patient relationship between doctors and patients of color. The disparities affecting people of color in the United States include access to health care, the quality of care received, and health outcomes. Healthcare disparities are exacerbated by... 2021
Michele Goodwin LESSONS IN RACE AND RACISM IN THE LEGAL ACADEMY: NOTES ON PAULI MURRAY 73 Rutgers University Law Review 913 (Spring, 2021) C1-3Table of Contents I. Revisiting Theories on Inequality. 915 II. Pipelines of Discrimination. 918 III. Conclusion. 921 2021
Justice Steven David, Angka Hinshaw LET US TALK ABOUT RACISM 64-JUN Res Gestae 26 (June, 2021) Since January 2021, hundreds of attorneys, judges, and law students have journeyed with us as we discussed racism. The featured panelists in ISBA's Open Conversations program have opened their hearts and shared intimate experiences of racism. All of the panelists are successful individuals, but you would never know the struggles they faced and... 2021
Elizabeth Kronk Warner LIVING IN TWO WORLDS 73 Rutgers University Law Review 933 (Spring, 2021) Anti-racism calls us to work toward ending racial hatred, bias, systemic racism, and the oppression of marginalized groups. For many of us working in higher education leadership, this means that we are actively creating space for marginalized voices both in classrooms and through research. But the question of who should be included does not always... 2021
Steven T. Taylor MCDERMOTT PARTNER MANAGES TWO OFFICES, PRACTICES EMPLOYMENT LAW, AND ADVOCATES FOR DIVERSITY/RACIAL EQUALITY 40 Of Counsel 24 (February, 2021) It didn't take the partners at Chicago-based McDermott Will & Emery long to see the talents that Pankit Doshi brings to their firm. In the two and half years he's been with the partnership, Doshi's risen to the leadership ranks, serving as the managing partner of McDermott's San Francisco and Silicon Valley offices. He advocates for diversity and... 2021
Colleen Campbell MEDICAL VIOLENCE, OBSTETRIC RACISM, AND THE LIMITS OF INFORMED CONSENT FOR BLACK WOMEN 26 Michigan Journal of Race and Law 47 (Winter, 2021) This Essay critically examines how medicine actively engages in the reproductive subordination of Black women. In obstetrics, particularly, Black women must contend with both gender and race subordination. Early American gynecology treated Black women as expendable clinical material for its institutional needs. This medical violence was animated by... 2021
James S. Liebman , Kayla C. Butler , Ian Buksunski MINE THE GAP: USING RACIAL DISPARITIES TO EXPOSE AND ERADICATE RACISM 30 Southern California Review of Law & Social Justice 1 (Winter, 2021) For decades, lawyers and legal scholars have disagreed over how much resource redistribution to expect from federal courts and Congress in satisfaction of the Fourteenth Amendment's promise of equal protection. Of particular importance to this debate and to the nation given its kaleidoscopic history of inequality, is the question of racial... 2021
James T. Smith NURTURING THE BABY BOND PROPOSAL: HOW TAX PRINCIPLES CAN CLOSE THE RACIAL WEALTH GAP IN THE UNITED STATES 94 Temple Law Review 147 (Fall, 2021) [T]he problems of racial injustice and economic injustice cannot be solved without a radical redistribution of political and economic power. Every day I'm trying to play catch-up, said Kourtney McGowan--a Black mother from California who became unemployed after her company refused to accommodate her work schedule during the COVID-19 pandemic.... 2021
Emily E. Harrison ODOR IN THE COURT! AND IT SMELLS LIKE ENVIRONMENTAL RACISM: HOW BIG PORK IS LEGALLY ABUSING POOR COMMUNITIES OF COLOR IN EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA 11 Wake Forest Journal of Law and Policy 433 (2021) Over 500 plaintiffs across eastern North Carolina have filed twenty-six separate lawsuits against Murphy-Brown, LLC (Murphy-Brown), a subsidiary of Smithfield Foods, which is a Chinese-owned company. Smithfield Foods is the largest pork and hog producer in the world, generating 8.6 billion pounds of pork and 18.9 million hogs in 2016 alone. The... 2021
Michael McCann , Filiz Kahraman ON THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF LIBERAL AND ILLIBERAL/AUTHORITARIAN LEGAL FORMS IN RACIAL CAPITALIST REGIMES . THE CASE OF THE UNITED STATES 17 Annual Review of Law and Social Science 483 (2021) legal orders, race and inequality, labor, capitalism, authoritarianism, liberalism Scholars conventionally distinguish between liberal and illiberal, or authoritarian, legal orders. Such distinctions are useful but often simplistic and misleading, as many regimes are governed by plural, dual, or hybrid legal institutions, principles, and practices.... 2021
Lori A. Young ONE JOURNEY TOWARD RACIAL JUSTICE: THE POWER OF ME, THE POWER OF WE 24 Journal of Gender, Race and Justice 5 (Spring, 2021) I remember being emotionally traumatized when I learned of Trayvon Martin. Then came Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri. Later, seeing the video of Philando Castille was gut-wrenching. I couldn't even watch the entire eight minute and 46 second video of George Floyd's killing. These stories--these images--of Black men senselessly killed without... 2021
Renee Nicole Allen OUR COLLECTIVE WORK, OUR COLLECTIVE STRENGTH 73 Rutgers University Law Review 881 (Spring, 2021) This essay considers the collective strength of women of color in two contexts: when we are well represented on law school faculties and when we contribute to accomplishing stated institutional diversity goals. Critical mass is broadly defined as a sufficient number of people of color. Though the concept has been socially appropriated, its origins... 2021
Lauren McLane OUR LOWER COURTS MUST GET IN "GOOD TROUBLE, NECESSARY TROUBLE," AND DESERT TWO PILLARS OF RACIAL INJUSTICE--WHREN v. UNITED STATES AND BATSON v. KENTUCKY 20 Connecticut Public Interest Law Journal 181 (Spring, 2021) We must get in trouble, good trouble . use the law, use the law, use the Constitution to bring about a nonviolent revolution. - Rep. John Lewis On July 10, 2015, Sandra Bland was on the way to her alma mater, Prairie View A&M University, a historically Black university in Texas, to take a new job. When Trooper Encinia's patrol car got into the lane... 2021
Leah K. Burton, Noelle G. Hicks OVERCOMING RACISM IN COMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONS: ATTORNEYS AS AGENTS OF CHANGE 37 Practical Real Estate Lawyer 3 (September 1, 2021) Racism exists in community associations. We all know it does. How many times have you been on the phone with a board of directors discussing a covenant violation when all of a sudden one of the board members chimes in with a comment about the race of the homeowner at issue? Before you even have a chance to bring up the Fair Housing Act and remind... 2021
Guy-Uriel E. Charles , Luis Fuentes-Rohwer PATHOLOGICAL RACISM, CHRONIC RACISM & TARGETED UNIVERSALISM 109 California Law Review 1107 (June, 2021) Race and law scholars almost uniformly prefer antisubordination to anticlassification as the best way to understand and adjudicate racism. In this short Essay, we explore whether the antisubordination framework is sufficiently capacious to meet our present demands for racial justice. We argue that the antisubordination approach relies on a... 2021
Taunya Lovell Banks PERSONAL IDENTITY EQUALITY AND RACIAL MISRECOGNITION: REVIEW ESSAY OF MULTIRACIALS AND CIVIL RIGHTS: MIXED-RACE STORIES OF DISCRIMINATION 34 Journal of Civil Rights & Economic Development 13 (Spring, 2021) There is a growing body of social science literature documenting multiracials as an emergent minority group . who . have not always been recognized as either a separate racial group or as legitimate members of racial groups. Tanya Hernández has been writing about aspects of American multiracialism for twenty years. Her 1998 article in the... 2021
Gwendoline M. Alphonso POLITICAL-ECONOMIC ROOTS OF COERCION--SLAVERY, NEOLIBERALISM, AND THE RACIAL FAMILY POLICY LOGIC OF CHILD AND SOCIAL WELFARE 11 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 471 (July, 2021) The Article argues that at the core of the American neoliberal policy regime, of which child welfare is a critical part, lies an enduring raced family policy logic of two racially stratified standards: a punitive Black economic utility family standard and a supportive white domestic affection family standard, whose policy roots and practices trace... 2021
Nathan Frischkorn, Samuel Waxman, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Arizona State University POWER AND POLLUTION: APPROACHING COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY THROUGH A RACIAL JUSTICE LENS 10 Chicago-Kent Journal of Environmental and Energy Law 1 (Spring, 2021) Racial justice protests erupted across the United States in the summer of 2020, ignited by the public killing of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer. Although the struggle for racial justice in this country has spanned decades, one part of that struggle involves ongoing environmental injustices plaguing many U.S. minority neighborhoods.... 2021
Professor Amy F. Kimpel , James Chavez , University of Alabama School of Law, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 205-348-4960, Email akimpel@law.ua.edu, Website https://www.law.ua.edu, The Law Offices of James Chavez, San Diego, California, 619-894-6464, Email James@ja PRETRIAL RELEASE FOR NON-US CITIZEN CLIENTS: ONE FRONT OF THE WAR FOR RACIAL JUSTICE 45-JUL Champion 16 (July, 2021) Before the hearing, the prosecutor called to ask if I was planning on stipping to detention. I was not. But your client is an alien, the prosecutor replied. I pointed out that my client was still entitled to a detention hearing and pretrial release. But he'll lose, and it is just a waste of the court's time. The prosecutor was wrong.... 2021
Jessica Brown PROMOTING RACIAL JUSTICE, EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSIVITY WITHIN THE BAR 50-JAN Colorado Lawyer 4 (January, 2021) In last month's Message, I collaborated with leading lawyers Annie Martínez and Christine Hernández, who described how local attorneys and judges are leading efforts toward a diversity-focused CLE requirement. This month, I continue the focus on racial justice, equity, diversity, and inclusivity (REDI) by shining the spotlight on four talented,... 2021
Katie Raitz PUBLIC HEALTH AND RACIAL INEQUALITY: WHY THE OPPORTUNITY ZONE PROGRAM FAILS LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES AND COSTS LIVES 12 UC Irvine Law Review 315 (November, 2021) The rich man's dog gets more in the way of vaccination, medicine and medical care than do the workers upon whom the rich man's wealth is built. Poor health outcomes are linked to long-standing wealth disparities for people of color in the United States. Wealth inequality has gotten worse over the past decades, despite attempts to improve it. The... 2021
Karen Engle , Lucas Lixinski QUILOMBO LAND RIGHTS, BRAZILIAN CONSTITUTIONALISM, AND RACIAL CAPITALISM 54 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 831 (October, 2021) The 1988 Brazilian Constitution, the first in a wave of new democratic and multicultural constitutions in Latin America, contains a transitory provision guaranteeing collective land rights to quilombo communities. These communities are composed of quilombolas, primarily descendants of formerly enslaved Africans, many of whom had escaped slavery. A... 2021
Melissa Murray RACE-ING ROE: REPRODUCTIVE JUSTICE, RACIAL JUSTICE, AND THE BATTLE FOR ROE v. WADE 134 Harvard Law Review 2025 (April, 2021) C1-2CONTENTS Introduction. 2027 I. Race and Reproduction Before and After Roe. 2031 A. Race-ing Reproduction: From Slavery to the Birth Control Movement. 2033 1. Slavery and Reproduction. 2033 2. The Racial Politics of Abortion Criminalization. 2034 3. The Racial Politics of the Eugenics Movement. 2036 4. Race, Eugenics, and the Birth Control... 2021
Samantha Bielen , Wim Marneffe , Naci Mocan , Hasselt University, Hasselt University, Louisiana State University RACIAL BIAS AND IN-GROUP BIAS IN VIRTUAL REALITY COURTROOMS 64 Journal of Law & Economics 269 (May, 2021) We filmed videos of criminal trials using three-dimensional virtual reality (VR) technology, prosecuted by actual prosecutors and defended by actual defense attorneys in a real courtroom. This is the first paper that utilizes VR technology in a non-computer-animated setting. We alter only the race of the defendants, holding all activity in the... 2021
Yu Du RACIAL BIAS STILL EXISTS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM? A REVIEW OF RECENT EMPIRICAL RESEARCH 37 Touro Law Review 79 (2021) The debate on whether racial bias is still embedded in the criminal justice (CJ) system today has reached its plateau. One recent article in the Washington Post has claimed an overwhelming evidence of racial bias in the CJ system. Whereas some scholars argue that racial disparity is an epitome of real crime rates, others indicate that implicit... 2021
Michelle Foster , Timnah Rachel Baker RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN NATIONALITY LAWS: A DOCTRINAL BLIND SPOT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW? 11 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 83 (January, 2021) Statelessness has historically been overlooked by the international community, but it is now a significant focus of the work of academics, advocates, and international institutions. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees' campaign to end statelessness by 2024 is now past its half-way point. Yet, while it is understood that statelessness... 2021
Olinda Moyd RACIAL DISPARITIES INHERENT IN AMERICA'S FRAGMENTED PAROLE SYSTEM 36-SPG Criminal Justice 6 (Spring, 2021) This global health crisis has proven to be an equal opportunity discloser, in that it has spotlighted the layers of inequities and racial disparities so engrained in America's structural systems. Nowhere else is this more evident than in our criminal legal system, where justice is often austere for African Americans. The ghastly statistics of the... 2021
Kevin P. Brady, Ph.D. , Suzanne Kucharczyk, Ed.D. RACIAL DISPROPORTIONALITY AND THE SPECIAL EDUCATION PARADOX: THE DIVIDE BETWEEN LEGAL COMPLIANCE AND THE BEST PRACTICE(S) 384 West's Education Law Reporter 585 (February 18, 2021) . an interesting paradox arises with the racialization of disabilities [because the] civil rights response for one group of individuals (i.e., learners with disabilities) has become a potential source of inequities for another group (i.e., racial minority students), despite their shared histories of struggles for equity. In 2019, the U.S.... 2021
Richard Thompson Ford RACIAL EPITHETS AND RACIAL ETIQUETTE 49 Capital University Law Review 527 (Fall, 2021) Suppose a professor is describing a case of sex harassment in which a supervisor tries to seduce and eventually exposes himself to a shocked female subordinate. In the name of verisimilitude and to ensure the class can fully appreciate the magnitude of the event, the professor quotes from the case: you know, I can make your life easy here at... 2021
William Y. Chin RACIAL EQUALITY AND INEQUALITY IN AMERICA AND LESSONS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES 27 Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice 473 (Spring, 2021) C1-2Table of Contents I. Introduction. 474 II. Racial Equality Lessons from other Countries. 475 A. Abolish Law Enforcement's use of Neck Restraints. 476 B. Add Day Fines to the Range of Sanctions. 479 C. Promote and Reward Reading by Prisoners. 480 D. Offer a National Apology for Subjugating African Americans. 483 E. Assist Workers of Color by... 2021
Michelle Giard Draeger , Mathew Scease RACIAL JUSTICE FUND GRANTEES PURSUING DIVERSE INITIATIVES TO BENEFIT MAINERS STATEWIDE 36 Maine Bar Journal 141 (2021) The Maine Justice Foundation's Racial Justice Fund awarded its inaugural grants in April to six Maine nonprofits committed to projects aimed at addressing systemic racism in Maine. We are honored to showcase their work and highlight how we can expand the definition and administration of justice in Maine. The Maine Justice Foundation spoke to each... 2021
George Fisher RACIAL MYTHS OF THE CANNABIS WAR 101 Boston University Law Review 933 (May, 2021) Modern histories of the drug war coalesce around the premise that early antidrug laws took rise from racial animus. Lawmakers banned opium, the theory goes, because Chinese miners and railroad workers brought it here; cocaine because African Americans made it their drug of choice; and marijuana because migrant Mexicans cast its seeds north of the... 2021
Michael Conklin RACIAL PREFERENCES IN COVID-19 VACCINATION: LEGAL AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS 5 Howard Human & Civil Rights Law Review 141 (Spring, 2021) I don't think we should ask doctors to remedy past discrimination. They can't do it, except haphazardly. And it's not their job. A doctor ought to consider a patient's present medical needs and nothing else: not her sex, not her race, not her long-term disabilities, not whether her mother loves her, not any fact about her, save as relevant to her... 2021
Eldar Haber RACIAL RECOGNITION 43 Cardozo Law Review 71 (October, 2021) C1-2Table of Contents Introduction. 72 I. Technology's Growing Role in Criminal Enforcement. 75 A. Criminal Enforcement and Technological Innovation. 75 B. Biometrics, Recognition Technology, and Criminal Enforcement. 79 II. Racial Recognition Threats. 89 A. Bias and Racism Within Recognition Technology. 89 B. Racial Recognition Within Criminal... 2021
Shaun Ossei-Owusu RACIAL REVISIONISM 119 Michigan Law Review 1165 (April, 2021) The Enigma of Clarence Thomas. By Corey Robin. New York: Metropolitan Books. 2019. Pp. 301. $30. Court watchers and political commentators have described Clarence Thomas as enigmatic for the majority of his judicial career. Consider some titles about the justice: Clarence Thomas and the Tough Love Crowd: Counterfeit Heroes and Unhappy Truths; or... 2021
Shannon Roesler RACIAL SEGREGATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL INJUSTICE 51 Environmental Law Reporter (ELI) 10773 (September, 2021) One legacy of the environmental justice movement is documenting the unequal distribution of environmental harms and benefits throughout American society. These inequalities are inscribed in our urban physical spaces by laws and policies designed to exclude African Americans and other minority groups from lands and spaces constructed and preserved... 2021
Yuvraj Joshi RACIAL TRANSITION 98 Washington University Law Review 1181 (2021) The United States is a nation in transition, struggling to surmount its racist past. This transitional imperative underpins American race jurisprudence, yet the transitional bases of decisions are rarely acknowledged and sometimes even denied. This Article uncovers two main ways that the Supreme Court has sought racial transition. While Civil... 2021
Vinay Harpalani RACIAL TRIANGULATION, INTEREST-CONVERGENCE, AND THE DOUBLE-CONSCIOUSNESS OF ASIAN AMERICANS 37 Georgia State University Law Review 1361 (Summer, 2021) This Essay integrates Professor Claire Jean Kim's racial triangulation framework, Professor Derrick Bell's interest-convergence theory, and W.E.B. Du Bois's notion of double-consciousness, all to examine the racial positioning of Asian Americans and the dilemmas we face as a result. To do so, this Essay considers the history of Asian immigration to... 2021
Matiangai Sirleaf RACIAL VALUATION OF DISEASES 67 UCLA Law Review 1820 (April, 2021) Scholars have paid inadequate attention to how racial valuation influences what actors prioritize or deem worthwhile. Today, racial valuation of diseases informs the stark global health inequities seen worldwide. As a concept, racial valuation refers to how racialized societies assign differing values to an individual or group based on their racial... 2021
Charlie Martel RACISM AND BIGOTRY AS GROUNDS FOR IMPEACHMENT 45 New York University Review of Law and Social Change 197 (2021) Building on years of anti-racist organizing and advocacy, millions of Americans took to the streets to protest racism and demand racial justice in mid-2020. Much of the protest was directed at President Donald Trump--a president whose words and actions were racially polarizing and who deliberately incited racist hostility. This president was also... 2021
Charlene Galarneau , Ruqaiijah Yearby RACISM, HEALTH EQUITY, AND CRISIS STANDARDS OF CARE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC 14 Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law & Policy 211 (2021) Long-standing and deeply embedded institutional racism, notably anti-Black racism in U.S. health care, has provided a solid footing for the health inequities by race evident in the COVID-19 pandemic. Inequities in susceptibility, exposure, infection, hospitalization, and treatment reflect and reinforce this racism and cause incalculable and... 2021
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25