AuthorTitleCitationDocument TypeCase StatusSummaryYearRelevancy
Charlotte Verdon IMPROVING THE PRESENT TO REPAIR THE PAST: A PROPOSAL TO REDEFINE THE GUIDING PRINCIPLE OF REPARATION FOR GROSS VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS 53 N.Y.U. J. Int'l L. & Pol. 587 (Winter, 2021) [New York University Journal of International Law & Politics] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   I. Introduction. 588 II. Restitutio in Integrum: An Inadequate Principle for the Reparation of Gross Violations of Human Rights Under International Law. 594 A. What Are Gross Violations of Human Rights and What Does It Mean to Repair Them?. 594 B. The Inadequacy of Restitutio in Integrum to Repair Gross Violations of Human Rights. 596 1. The... 2021 Most Relevant
Brooke Simone MUNICIPAL REPARATIONS: CONSIDERATIONS AND CONSTITUTIONALITY 120 Mich. L. Rev. 345 (November, 2021) [Michigan Law Review] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Demands for racial justice are resounding, and in turn, various localities have considered issuing reparations to Black residents. Municipalities may be effective venues in the struggle for reparations, but they face a variety of questions when crafting legislation. This Note walks through key considerations using proposed and enacted reparations... 2021 Most Relevant
Aris Folley Obama says reparations 'justified' (2/25/2021) [The Hill] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Former President Obama said earlier this week that the case for reparations for Black Americans is justified, but he added that the politics of white resistance and resentment, among other issues, made the prospect of pursuing the issue during his presidency a non-starter. 2021 Most Relevant
Elizabeth D. Lauzon, J.D. Recoverability of Reparations from Corporations for Nazi-Related Conduct 6 A.L.R. Fed. 2d 279 (Originally published in 2005) (2021) [American Law Reports ALR Federal 2d] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   The Holocaust restitution movement is the recent use of civil litigation to remedy human rights abuses committed during the Nazi regime by obtaining financial restitution from corporations that profited from Nazi-related conduct. Before 1995, very few Nazi reparations suits were filed, with most of the cases being summarily dismissed. After 1995,... 2021 Most Relevant
Patrick Dankwa John REPARATIONS: 40 ACRES AND A MULE . WITH INTEREST 35-AUG CBA Rec. 35 (July/August, 2021) [CBA Record] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   For the answer to how the Negro's status came to be what it is does not lie essentially in the world of the Negro, but in the world of the white. In short, white America must assume the guilt for the black man's inferior status.--Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Where Do We Go From Here, 1967 The U.S. House of Representatives recently passed H.B. 40,... 2021 Most Relevant
Preston C. Green III , Bruce D. Baker , Joseph O. Oluwole SCHOOL FINANCE, RACE, AND REPARATIONS 27 Wash. & Lee J. Civil Rts. & Soc. Just. 483 (Spring, 2021) [Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   C1-2Table of Contents I. Introduction. 484 II. Part I: Separate-But-Equal Era. 486 III. Part II: Black-White School Funding Disparities in the Aftermath of Brown. 490 A. Property Taxes. 491 B. Insufficient General State Aid. 494 C. Stealth Inequalities. 495 IV. Part III: School Desegregation Litigation. 496 A. Hobson v. Hansen. 497 B. Milliken v.... 2021 Most Relevant
Briana P. Adams-Seaton SUGAR IS QUEEN: ANALYZING ANTIGUAN DESCENDANTS' CASE FOR REPARATIONS TO HARVARD UNIVERSITY 64 How. L.J. 409 (Winter, 2021) [Howard Law Journal] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Introduction. 411 I. Historical Background of Reparations in the United States and the Caribbean. 414 A. The Fight for Reparations in the United States. 415 B. The Fight for Reparations in the Caribbean. 418 II. Unjust Enrichment: The Crux of Antigua's Reparations Claim. 419 A. Antiguan Slaves Conferred a Benefit upon Harvard University. 420 B.... 2021 Most Relevant
Caleb Harrison, calebharrison@icloud.com SUPERSESSION, REPARATIONS, AND RESTITUTION 19 J. Ethics & Soc. Phil. 148 (February, 2021) [Journal of Ethics & Social Philosophy] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   In superseding historic injustice, and in subsequent articles, Jeremy Waldron proposes and defends what he calls the Supersession Thesis. According to the Supersession Thesis, circumstances might be such that the demands of justice in the present can in some sense override the demands of justice arising from cases of historical injustice. Waldron... 2021 Most Relevant
Zinaida Miller THE INJUSTICES OF TIME: RIGHTS, RACE, REDISTRIBUTION, AND RESPONSIBILITY 52 Colum. Hum. Rts. L. Rev. 647 (Winter, 2021) [Columbia Human Rights Law Review] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Resurgent debates in U.S. law and politics over reparations and racialized inequality reflect what this Article argues is a significant transnational legal phenomenon: courts, policymakers, and social justice advocates mobilizing pasts of racial and ethnic violence and dispossession to justify competing rules for the distribution of resources and... 2021 Most Relevant
Robin Snyderman, Robin Rue Simmons THE REPARATIONS WORK UNDERWAY IN EVANSTON, IL: PROMOTING AN AFFIRMATIVE AND ACCOUNTABLE GOVERNMENT 30 J. Affordable Housing & Community Dev. L. 151 (2021) [Journal of Affordable Housing & Community Development Law] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Whether you agree that We are in an Era of Repair and that there is a growing momentum . around issues of racial justice, per a recent NPR story reflecting on Juneteenth, or you are simply appalled that the country's racial homeownership gap is worse now than it was before the enactment of the Civil Rights Act, you understand the importance of... 2021 Most Relevant
Helena Alviar García TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE AND PROPERTY: INEXTRICABLY LINKED 17 Ann. Rev. L. & Soc. Sci. 227 (2021) [Annual Review of Law and Social Science] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   transitional justice, reparation, restitution, property redistribution, peace agreements This article analyzes the different ways in which transitional justice has dealt with demands over property restitution and redistribution. To do this, it presents a review of academic literature regarding how to define reparation, the justifications for... 2021 Most Relevant
Tuneen E. Chisolm WHEN RIGHTEOUSNESS FAILS: THE NEW INCENTIVE FOR REPARATIONS FOR SLAVERY AND ITS CONTINUING AFTERMATH IN THE UNITED STATES 24 U. Pa. J. L. & Soc. Change 195 (2021) [University of Pennsylvania Journal of Law and Social Change] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Abstract. Starting from the well-established premise that reparations for African Americans are justified and required to provide redress for race-based social and systemic ills, this Article examines the United States' compliance with the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), not only as... 2021 Most Relevant
Daniel P. Suitor WINNING WHAT'S OWED: A LITIGATIVE APPROACH TO REPARATIONS 105 Minn. L. Rev. Headnotes 391 (Spring, 2021) [Minnesota Law Review Headnotes] Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Centuries of enslaved Black labor built the United States into a society and economy that prospers to this day. Slavery was intrinsically tied to the production of early America's two most important exports, tobacco and cotton. Enslaved people themselves were considered so economically valuable that their persons were used to collateralize... 2021 Most Relevant
  2021 CONG US HR 40 117th CONGRESS, 1st Session (1/4/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   To address the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery in the United States and the 13 American colonies between 1619 and 1865 and to establish a commission to study and consider a national apology and proposal for reparations for the institution of slavery, its subsequent de jure and de facto racial and economic discrimination against African Americans, and the impact of these forces on living African Americans, to make recommendations to the Congress on appropriate remedies, and for other purposes. Ms. Jackson Lee (for herself, Ms. Plaskett, Mr. Rush, Mr.... 2021 Most Relevant
  2021 CONG US S 40 117th CONGRESS, 1st Session (1/25/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   To address the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery in the United States and the 13 American colonies between 1619 and 1865 and to establish a commission to study and consider a national apology and proposal for reparations for the institution of slavery, its subsequent de jure and de facto racial and economic discrimination against African Americans, and the impact of these forces on living African Americans, to make recommendations to the Congress on appropriate remedies, and for other purposes. Mr. Booker (for himself, Mr. Durbin, Mrs. Feinstein, Mr. Coons,... 2021 Most Relevant
a slavery era database that includes all records made available to the..." 2021 DC L.B. 48 (NS) 2021 Washington DC Legislative Bill No. 48, Washington DC Council Period Twenty-Four (1/28/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   To amend the Department of Insurance and Securities Regulation Establishment Act of 1996 to require the Commissioner of the Department of Insurance, Securities, and Banking to establish by a time certain a slavery era database of records relating to slaveholding; to establish the Reparations Foundation Fund to provide funds for reparations that may be distributed to certain District residents, and to establish the Reparations Task Force to study and develop reparation proposals for African Americans whose ancestors suffered as a result of the institution of slavery.... 2021 Most Relevant
Kendrick, Dar'shun 93rd; Mitchell, Billy 88th; Scott, Sandra 76th; Williams, Al 168th; Hutchinson, Shelly 107th; Schofield, Kim 60th 2021 GA H.R. 12 (NS) 2021 Georgia House Resolution No. 12, Georgia One Hundred Fifty-Sixth General Assembly - 2021-2022 Regular Session (1/13/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Congress; creation of a reparations study committee; express support House Resolution 12 By: Representatives Kendrick of the 93rd, Mitchell of the 88th, Scott of the 76th, Williams of the 168th, Hutchinson of the 107th, and others A RESOLUTION Expressing support for the creation of a reparations study committee by the 117th United States Congress and reaffirming this state's opposition to racial discrimination; and for other purposes. WHEREAS, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States and the 13 American colonies, including the Georgia colony and... 2021 Most Relevant
Kendrick, Dar'shun 93rd; Mitchell, Billy 88th; Scott, Sandra 76th; Williams, Al 168th; Hutchinson, Shelly 107th; Schofield, Kim 60th 2021 GA H.R. 12 (NS) 2021 Georgia House Resolution No. 12, Georgia One Hundred Fifty-Sixth General Assembly - 2021-2022 Regular Session (1/14/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Congress; creation of a reparations study committee; express support House Resolution 12 By: Representatives Kendrick of the 93rd, Mitchell of the 88th, Scott of the 76th, Williams of the 168th, Hutchinson of the 107th, and others A RESOLUTION Expressing support for the creation of a reparations study committee by the 117th United States Congress and reaffirming this state's opposition to racial discrimination; and for other purposes. WHEREAS, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States and the 13 American colonies, including the Georgia colony and... 2021 Most Relevant
Delegate W. Fisher 2021 MD H.B. 121 (NS) 2021 Maryland House Bill No. 121, Maryland 442nd Session of the General Assembly, 2021 (1/13/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   State Government - Maryland Reparations Commission - Establishment (Harriet Tubman Community Investment Act) HOUSE BILL 121 D5, F2, I4 1lr1081 HB 1201/20 - HGO (PRE-FILED) By: Delegate W. Fisher Requested: October 22, 2020 Introduced and read first time: January 13, 2021 Assigned to: Health and Government Operations A BILL ENTITLED AN ACT concerning State Government - Maryland Reparations Commission - Establishment (Harriet Tubman Community Investment Act) FOR the purpose of establishing the Maryland Reparations Commission; providing for the composition, staffing, chair and vice... 2021 Most Relevant
Barron, Charles 2021 NY A.B. 2619 (NS) 2021 New York Assembly Bill No. 2619, New York Two Hundred Forty-Fourth Legislative Session (1/19/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   BARRON, PRETLOW, DICKENS, AUBRY, WALKER, WILLIAMS, RICHARDSON, SOLAGES, PICHARDO, RODRIGUEZ, PEOPLES-STOKES, COOK, J. RIVERA, DE LA ROSA, PERRY, VANEL, HYNDMAN, CAHILL, JEAN-PIERRE, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, TAYLOR, DILAN, DARLING, JOYNER, BENEDETTO, EPSTEIN, REYES, FRONTUS, SIMON, RAMOS, FERNANDEZ, CRUZ, Relates to acknowledging the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery in the city of New York and the state of New York; establishes the New York state community commission on reparations remedies to examine the institution of slavery, subsequently de jure and de... 2021 Most Relevant
Barron, Charles 2021 NY A.B. 2619 (NS) 2021 New York Assembly Bill No. 2619, New York Two Hundred Forty-Fourth Legislative Session (6/4/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   BARRON, PRETLOW, DICKENS, AUBRY, WALKER, WILLIAMS, RICHARDSON, SOLAGES, PICHARDO, RODRIGUEZ, PEOPLES-STOKES, COOK, J. RIVERA, DE LA ROSA, PERRY, VANEL, HYNDMAN, CAHILL, JEAN-PIERRE, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, TAYLOR, DILAN, DARLING, JOYNER, BENEDETTO, EPSTEIN, REYES, FRONTUS, SIMON, RAMOS, FERNANDEZ, CRUZ, Relates to acknowledging the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery in the city of New York and the state of New York; establishes the New York state community commission on reparations remedies to examine the institution of slavery, subsequently de jure and de... 2021 Most Relevant
Sanders, Jr., James 2021 NY S.B. 1118 (NS) 2021 New York Senate Bill No. 1118, New York Two Hundred Forty-Fourth Legislative Session (1/7/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   SANDERS Relates to acknowledging the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery in the city of New York and the state of New York; establishes the New York state community commission on reparations remedies to examine the institution of slavery, subsequently de jure and de facto racial and economic discrimination against African-Americans, the impact of these forces on living African-Americans and to make recommendations on appropriate remedies; makes an appropriation therefor; and provides for the repeal of such provisions. STATE OF NEW YORK... 2021 Most Relevant
Brisport, Jabari (F) 2021 NY S.B. 7215 (NS) 2021 New York Senate Bill No. 7215, New York Two Hundred Forty-Fourth Legislative Session (6/7/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Establishes the New York state community commission on reparations remedies. STATE OF NEW YORK _ 7215 2021-2022 Regular Sessions IN SENATE June 7, 2021 _ Introduced by Sen. BRISPORT -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Rules AN ACT to acknowledge the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality and inhumanity of slavery in the city of New York and the state of New York; to establish the New York state community commission on reparations remedies, to examine... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK 2021 OR S.B. 618 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Bill No. 618, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (1/11/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Relating to reparations for slavery. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Senate Bill 618 Sponsored by Senator FREDERICK (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) SUMMARY The following summary is not prepared by the sponsors of the measure and is not a part of the body thereof subject to consideration by the Legislative Assembly. It is an editor's brief statement of the essential features of the measure as introduced. Directs Oregon Department of Administrative Services to study methods of providing reparations for slavery to... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK 2021 OR S.B. 618 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Bill No. 618, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (1/11/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Relating to reparations for slavery. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Senate Bill 618 Sponsored by Senator FREDERICK (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) SUMMARY The following summary is not prepared by the sponsors of the measure and is not a part of the body thereof subject to consideration by the Legislative Assembly. It is an editor's brief statement of the essential features of the measure as introduced. Directs Oregon Department of Administrative Services to study methods of providing reparations for slavery to... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK 2021 OR S.B. 619 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Bill No. 619, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (1/11/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Relating to reparations for slavery. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Senate Bill 619 Sponsored by Senator FREDERICK (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) SUMMARY The following summary is not prepared by the sponsors of the measure and is not a part of the body thereof subject to consideration by the Legislative Assembly. It is an editor's brief statement of the essential features of the measure as introduced. Directs Department of Revenue to establish program to pay reparations to Black Oregonians who can demonstrate... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK 2021 OR S.B. 619 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Bill No. 619, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (1/11/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Relating to reparations for slavery. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Senate Bill 619 Sponsored by Senator FREDERICK (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) SUMMARY The following summary is not prepared by the sponsors of the measure and is not a part of the body thereof subject to consideration by the Legislative Assembly. It is an editor's brief statement of the essential features of the measure as introduced. Directs Department of Revenue to establish program to pay reparations to Black Oregonians who can demonstrate... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK 2021 OR S.J.M. 4 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Joint Memorial No. 4, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (1/11/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to enact legislation to begin process of implementing reparations for African Americans based on slavery and discrimination. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Senate Joint Memorial 4 Sponsored by Senator FREDERICK (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) SUMMARY The following summary is not prepared by the sponsors of the measure and is not a part of the body thereof subject to consideration by the Legislative Assembly. It is an editor's brief statement of the essential features of the measure as introduced.... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK 2021 OR S.J.M. 4 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Joint Memorial No. 4, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (1/11/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to enact legislation to begin process of implementing reparations for African Americans based on slavery and discrimination. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Senate Joint Memorial 4 Sponsored by Senator FREDERICK (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) SUMMARY The following summary is not prepared by the sponsors of the measure and is not a part of the body thereof subject to consideration by the Legislative Assembly. It is an editor's brief statement of the essential features of the measure as introduced.... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK, 2021 OR S.J.M. 4 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Joint Memorial No. 4, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (6/8/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to enact legislation to begin process of implementing reparations for African Americans based on slavery and discrimination. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Enrolled Senate Joint Memorial 4 Sponsored by Senators FREDERICK, MANNING JR; Senator WAGNER, Representatives DEXTER, KOTEK, PHAM, POWER, REARDON, REYNOLDS, SALINAS (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) To the President of the United States and the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled: We, your... 2021 Most Relevant
SENATOR FREDERICK, 2021 OR S.J.M. 4 (NS) 2021 Oregon Senate Joint Memorial No. 4, Oregon Eighty-First Legislative Assembly (6/8/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to enact legislation to begin process of implementing reparations for African Americans based on slavery and discrimination. 81st OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2021 Regular Session Enrolled Senate Joint Memorial 4 Sponsored by Senators FREDERICK, MANNING JR; Senator WAGNER, Representatives DEXTER, KOTEK, PHAM, POWER, REARDON, REYNOLDS, SALINAS (at the request of former Representative Tiffiny Mitchell) (Presession filed.) To the President of the United States and the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled: We, your... 2021 Most Relevant
Reynolds 2021 TX H.C.R. 63 (NS) 2021 Texas House Concurrent Resolution No. 63, Texas Eighty-Seventh Legislature (3/12/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to pass H.R. 40 to establish the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. 87R10141 TBO-D By: Reynolds H.C.R. No. 63 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION WHEREAS, During a span of nearly 250 years, beginning in 1619 and continuing until 1865, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved and forced into uncompensated labor in the United States and the 13 American colonies that preceded the founding of this nation; and WHEREAS, The enslavement of Africans and their descendants was constitutionally sanctioned by the final draft of the... 2021 Most Relevant
Reynolds 2021 TX H.C.R. 7 (NS) 2021 Texas House Concurrent Resolution No. 7, Texas Eighty-Seventh Legislature - 1st Called Session (7/7/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to pass H.R. 40 to establish the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. 87S10186 BHH-D By: Reynolds H.C.R. No. 7 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION WHEREAS, During a span of nearly 250 years, beginning in 1619 and continuing until 1865, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved and forced into uncompensated labor in the United States and the 13 American colonies that preceded the founding of this nation; and WHEREAS, The enslavement of Africans and their descendants was constitutionally sanctioned by the final draft of the... 2021 Most Relevant
Reynolds 2021 TX H.C.R. 7 (NS) 2021 Texas House Concurrent Resolution No. 7, Texas Eighty-Seventh Legislature - 1st Called Session (7/8/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to pass H.R. 40 to establish the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. 87S10186 BHH-D By: Reynolds H.C.R. No. 7 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION WHEREAS, During a span of nearly 250 years, beginning in 1619 and continuing until 1865, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved and forced into uncompensated labor in the United States and the 13 American colonies that preceded the founding of this nation; and WHEREAS, The enslavement of Africans and their descendants was constitutionally sanctioned by the final draft of the... 2021 Most Relevant
Reynolds 2021 TX H.C.R. 7 (NS) 2021 Texas House Concurrent Resolution No. 7, Texas Eighty-Seventh Legislature - 3rd Called Session (9/17/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to pass H.R. 40 to establish the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. 87S30146 CJM-D By: Reynolds H.C.R. No. 7 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION WHEREAS, During a span of nearly 250 years, beginning in 1619 and continuing until 1865, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved and forced into uncompensated labor in the United States and the 13 American colonies that preceded the founding of this nation; and WHEREAS, The enslavement of Africans and their descendants was constitutionally sanctioned by the final draft of the... 2021 Most Relevant
Reynolds 2021 TX H.C.R. 7 (NS) 2021 Texas House Concurrent Resolution No. 7, Texas Eighty-Seventh Legislature - 3rd Called Session (9/27/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   Urging Congress to pass H.R. 40 to establish the Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans. 87S30146 CJM-D By: Reynolds H.C.R. No. 7 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION WHEREAS, During a span of nearly 250 years, beginning in 1619 and continuing until 1865, millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved and forced into uncompensated labor in the United States and the 13 American colonies that preceded the founding of this nation; and WHEREAS, The enslavement of Africans and their descendants was constitutionally sanctioned by the final draft of the... 2021 Most Relevant
Rep. Brian Cina; Rep. Tiffany Bluemle; Rep. Kevin Christie; Rep. Selene Colburn; Rep. Harold Hal" Colston; Rep. Mari Cordes; Rep. Taylor Small; Rep. Heather Surprenant; Rep. Tristan Toleno; Rep. Tanya Vyhovsky;" 2021 VT H.B. 387 (NS) 2021 Vermont House Bill No. 387, Vermont 2021-2022 Legislative Session (3/9/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   This bill proposes to establish the Task Force to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for the Institution of Chattel Slavery to: (1) study and consider a State apology and proposal for reparations for the institution of slavery; and (2) make recommendations to the General Assembly on appropriate remedies. H.387 Introduced by Representatives Cina of Burlington, Bluemle of Burlington, Christie of Hartford, Colburn of Burlington, Colston of Winooski, Cordes of Lincoln, Small of Winooski, Surprenant of Barnard, Toleno of Brattleboro, and Vyhovsky of Essex Referred to Committee on Date:... 2021 Most Relevant
Young, Walker 2021 WV H.B. 2878 (NS) 2021 West Virginia House Bill No. 2878, West Virginia Eighty-Fifth Legislature - Regular Session, 2021 (3/3/2021) Legislation (Proposed & Enacted)   A BILL to amend the Codeof West Virginia, 1939, as amended, by adding thereto a new article, designatedas A5-30-1, A5-30-2, A5-30-3, A5-30-4, A5-30-5, A5-30-6, and A5-30-7, allrelating to establishing Aa task force to study and develop reparations forAfrican Americans; legislative findings; composition and authority; requiringreport to the Legislature; and providing that state level reparation actionsthat are undertaken as a result of this article are not a replacement for anyreparations enacted at the federal level. WEST virginia legislature 2021 regular session Introduced House Bill... 2021 Most Relevant
PENALTIES § 13a:35.50.return Preparers-frivolous Position Casey Federal Tax Practice A Treatise of the Laws and Procedures Governing the Assessment and Litigation of Federal Tax Liabilities § 13A:35.50 Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   The Service may seek injunctions against preparers who are advocating frivolous positions. For example, it has obtained injunctions against preparing returns claiming a credit or refund as reparations for slavery. The 2006 Tax Relief and Health Care Act increased the penalty for submitting a frivolous return position from $500 to $5,000. Also,... 2020 Most relevant
Kaimipono David Wenger 1200 Dollars and a Mule: Covid-19, the Cares Act, and Reparations for Slavery 68 UCLA Law Review Discourse 204 Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   The COVID-19 pandemic casts into sharp relief a number of questions relating to reparations. In particular, the COVID-19 crisis highlights the medical vulnerability of the Black community, illustrating the very real physical harm caused by slavery and racism in the United States. At the same time, government responses to the crisis demonstrate the... 2020 Most Relevant
Adjoa Aiyetoro Achieving Reparations While Respecting Our Differences: a Model for Black Reparations 63 Howard Law Journal 329 (Spring, 2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   On October 29, 2019, I participated on a panel of reparation scholars as a part of the Howard University School of Law's Branton Symposium. The panel was asked to focus on Roy L. Brooks' second edition of his book entitled Atonement and Forgiveness: A New Model for Black Reparations, which was originally published in 2004 and was forthcoming at... 2020 Most Relevant
Carlton Waterhouse African American Reparations: a Rough Sketch of the Road to Educational and Economic Restoration 63 Howard Law Journal 393 (Spring, 2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   In America and throughout modern societies, institutions provide the context in which generations pass on values and resources to future generations. Institutions also represent the means by which prominent African American leaders struggled against the oppression of slavery and segregation and passed on their resources to future generations.... 2020 Most Relevant
Michael Conklin An Uphill Battle for Reparationists: a Quantitative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Slavery Reparations Rhetoric 10 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 33 Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   On Juneteenth (June 19), 2019 the United States House Judiciary Committee heard over three hours of testimony regarding slavery reparations. Various rhetorical methods were used by the expert witnesses to promote slavery reparations. Many emphasized the horrors of the slave trade. Many pointed to current racial disparities in education, criminal... 2020 Most Relevant
A. Mechele Dickerson Designing Slavery Reparations: Lessons from Complex Litigation 98 Texas Law Review 1255 (June, 2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Ten years ago, the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives enacted resolutions that apologized to Black Americans on behalf of the people of the United States[] for the wrongs committed against them and their ancestors who suffered under slavery and Jim Crow laws. Despite acknowledging the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and... 2020 Most Relevant
Nkechi Taifa Let's Talk about Reparations 10 Columbia Journal of Race and Law 1 Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   In the spring of the 2019, the Columbia Journal of Race and Law invited activist, attorney and scholar, Nkechi Taifa, to Columbia Law School for a public lecture on the topic of Reparations for descendent of enslaved Africans in the United States. Reparations has been a subject to much public discourse over the years and, in the last decade in... 2020 Most Relevant
Roy L. Brooks, Warren Distinguished Professor of Law, University of San Diego School of Law Racial Reconciliation Through Black Reparations 63 Howard Law Journal 349 (Spring, 2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   A commission to study government redress for the atrocities of slavery and Jim Crow--what is popularly referred to as black reparations --is the subject of bills introduced in Congress in 2019. Most Democratic presidential contenders have also come out in support of H.R. 40, the House bill, and S.1083, the Senate bill. This puts the reparations... 2020 Most Relevant
Elizabeth D. Lauzon, J.D. Recoverability of Reparations from Corporations for Nazi-related Conduct 6 American Law Reports ALR Federal 2d 279 Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   The Holocaust restitution movement is the recent use of civil litigation to remedy human rights abuses committed during the Nazi regime by obtaining financial restitution from corporations that profited from Nazi-related conduct. Before 1995, very few Nazi reparations suits were filed, with most of the cases being summarily dismissed. After 1995,... 2020 Most Relevant
Valorie E. Douglas Reparations 4.0: Trading in Older Models for a New Vehicle 62 Arizona Law Review 839 (Fall, 2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Reparations reappeared in the news even before the murders of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Ahmaud Arbery, and others made headlines as modern-day lynchings. As data continue to show the perpetuation of social and economic harm and hardship that Black Americans suffer for being Black Americans, notions of fairness and justice suggest redress for... 2020 Most Relevant
Mike Lillis Reparations Bill Gains Steam Following Death of George Floyd The Hill (6/30/2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Legislation exploring whether Black Americans should receive restitution for slavery may soon get a huge boost, as a growing number of Democrats are hoping to move reparations this summer as another response to the death of George Floyd. 2020 Most Relevant
Eric J. Miller Republican, Rebellious Reparations 63 Howard Law Journal 363 (Spring, 2020) Law Review Articles and Other Secondary Sources   Reparations is, at its core, a form of resistance to oppression. Resistance to oppression takes many forms: one of them is the activity of calling out wrongdoing. Reparations is the activity of calling out one particular form of wrongdoing: the transgenerational subordination of some group --in the case I am interested in, African Americans who are... 2020 Most Relevant
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