AuthorTitleCitationSummaryYearKey Terms
Robin Perry Balancing Rights or Building Rights? Reconciling the Right to Use Customary Systems of Law with Competing Human Rights in Pursuit of Indigenous Sovereignty 24 Harvard Human Rights Journal 71 (Summer 2011) In 2007, after more than 20 years of exhaustive negotiations, drafts and re-drafts between indigenous groups and member states, the United Nations (UN) finally adopted the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (Declaration) by an overwhelming majority. The UN thereby recognized the right of indigenous peoples to promote, develop and... 2011  
Megan Wells Sheffer Bilateral Investment Treaties: a Friend or Foe to Human Rights? 39 Denver Journal of International Law and Policy 483 (Summer 2011) The worst cases of corporate-related human rights harm have occurred, predictably, in the places that need economic development the most: in countries that often had just emerged from or still were in conflict; and in countries where the rule of law was weak and levels of corruption high. Notably, corporations increasingly play a significant... 2011  
Steven D. Jamar Challenges Presented to Law and Public Norms by Claims of Freedom of Religion Arising in Increasingly Diverse Societies 26 Journal of Law and Religion 595 (2010-2011) Because religion is a potent force for many people, it affects the content, structure, and function of law and the law's relationship to ordering society. The complexity and variability from state to state of the relationships of religion to social, governmental, and legal systems is remarkable. This variability and complexity stems from several... 2011  
Blake Hudson Climate Change, Forests, and Federalism: Seeing the Treaty for the Trees 82 University of Colorado Law Review 363 (Spring 2011) Despite numerous attempts over the past two decades--including, most recently, the Copenhagen climate discussions in late 2009--international forest and climate negotiations have failed to produce a legally binding treaty addressing global forest management activities. This failure is due in large part to a lack of U.S. leadership. Though U.S.... 2011  
Ross D. Andre Compulsory [Mis]joinder: the Untenable Intersection of Sovereign Immunity and Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 19 60 Emory Law Journal 1157 (2011) Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 19 defines circumstances in which a court can (and must) override the plaintiff's party structure to ensure that so-called necessary and required parties are before the court, as complete justice requires. Sovereign immunity protects classes of sovereigns and their political arms from accountability in other nations'... 2011  
Allen S. Weiner Constitutions as Peace Treaties: a Cautionary Tale for the Arab Spring 64 Stanford Law Review Online Online 8 (11/18/2011) The December 2010 self-immolation of 26-year-old Tunisian Mohamed Bouazizi, a desperate response to the debilitating lack of economic opportunities for Tunisia's youth and the pervasive sense of humiliation engendered by the state's corrupt and degrading treatment of its citizens, tapped into deep popular frustration in Tunisia and throughout the... 2011  
W. Robert Hand Continental Joins the (All)star Alliance: Antitrust Concerns with Airline Alliances and Open-skies Treaties 33 Houston Journal of International Law 641 (Summer 2011) I. Introduction. 642 II. From Regulation to Open Skies: Background of the International Airline Industry. 646 A. History of U.S. and European Regulation. 646 B. Formation of International Airline Alliances. 648 C. Hypothetical Passenger Example. 650 III. Systems Competition: Alliance Systems and Open Skies. 652 A. Airline Joint Ventures. 655 B. DOT... 2011  
Charles H. Brower, II Corporations as Plaintiffs under International Law: Three Narratives about Investment Treaties 9 Santa Clara Journal of International Law 179 (2011) When talking about corporations as defendants under international law, the narrative and the legal framework seem clear even if the outcome does not. According to the narrative, multinational corporations involved in extractive industries collaborate with repressive governments to terrorize populations, instituting forced labor, attacking those who... 2011  
Chris Peloso Crafting an Updated Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty: Applying the Lessons Learned from the Success of Similar International Treaties to the Nuclear Arms Problem 9 Santa Clara Journal of International Law 309 (2011) I. Introduction II. The Development of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty III. The Pillars of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty IV. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty was a Success V. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty was a Failure VI. Shortcomings of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty VII. Why is it Important to Update the Nuclear... 2011  
Mira T. Sundara Rajan Creative Commons: America's Moral Rights? 21 Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal 905 (Summer 2011) Introduction. 906 I. Moral Rights: An American Controversy. 909 II. Open Access: Friends or Strangers?. 921 A. Creative Commons: Implicit Recognition of Moral Rights. 921 1. Copyright Infringement and Creative Commons: License or Contract?. 923 2. The Basic License: Attribution Affirmed. 925 3. The Creation of Derivative Works: Integrity or... 2011  
Alex Kardon Damages under the Privacy Act: Sovereign Immunity and a Call for Legislative Reform 34 Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy 705 (Spring, 2011) Introduction. 706 I. The Narrow Construction Canon: History, Critique, and Recent Use. 717 II. Statutory Construction and Stare Decisis. 726 III. The Privacy Act Context. 728 A. The District Court Decision in Cooper. 729 B. The Ninth Circuit Decision in Cooper. 729 C. The Reasonableness of Both Cooper Decisions. 735 D. Pre-Cooper Decisions and... 2011  
Juan Pablo Carro Deconstructing Sovereignty: the Validity of the Status-driven Mindset as Seen Through Soberanías Exitosas: Seis Modelos Para El Desarrollo Económico De Puerto Rico by Ángel Collado Schwarz 80 Revista Juridica Universidad de Puerto Rico 439 (2011) Introduction. 439 I. Model Countries. 441 A. Singapore. 442 B. Slovenia. 444 C. Ireland. 446 D. Israel. 449 E. New Zealand. 451 F. Estonia. 452 II. Puerto Rico. 453 A. Puerto Rico Emergency Fiscal Stabilization Plan. 453 B. Country Agreements and Bi-National Chambers of Commerce: The Florida and Massachusetts Model. 455 1. Florida. 455 2.... 2011  
David Weissbrodt , Cheryl Heilman Defining Torture and Cruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Treatment 29 Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice 343 (Summer 2011) Declaring a war against terror, the United States has detained foreign nationals suspected of terrorist activities and has interrogated them at various locations outside the United States. As the United States seeks to bring charges against the detainees, serious questions have arisen regarding the interrogation methods used to obtain evidence.... 2011  
Carey Austin Holliday Denying Sovereignty: the Louisiana Supreme Court's Rejection of the Tribal Exhaustion Doctrine 71 Louisiana Law Review 1339 (Summer, 2011) In its recent decision in Meyer & Associates, Inc. v. Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana, the Louisiana Supreme Court declined to require the application of the Tribal Exhaustion Doctrine (the Doctrine) in Louisiana state district courts. The Doctrine is a federal jurisprudential rule that applies when a tribal court has a claim of jurisdiction over a... 2011 Yes
P. Raj Kumar Jhabakh Different Capital Gains Treatment of Nonresident Was Not Discriminatory 22 Journal of International Taxation 54 (November, 2011) India's Authority for Advance Ruling (AAR) recently held in Transworld Garnet Company Ltd. that non-availability of indexation benefit to nonresidents under the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961 (Act) does not amount to discrimination under the India-Canada double tax avoidance agreement (DTAA). Transworld Garnet Company Ltd. (TGIL), a company... 2011  
Gregory S. Schneider , Gabriel J. Chin Double Trouble: Double Jeopardy's Dual Sovereignty Exception and State Immigration Statutes 28 Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law 363 (2011) On April 23, 2010, Arizona Governor Jan Brewer signed S.B. 1070 into law, igniting a national controversy about the law and immigration generally. Arizona's new law regulated noncitizens and their movement in and through the state, but in this respect it was hardly unique. For example, Arizona already had a statute criminalizing transporting... 2011  
Hayden W. Gregory Eleventh Amendment State Sovereign Immunity: Still a Free Pass to Ip Infringement? 4 Landslide Landslide 2 (November/December, 2011) The series of Supreme Court decisions beginning with Atascadero State Hospital v. Scanlon in 1985 and culminating with College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Fund in 1999 left states well fortified against suits for intellectual property infringement. However, more recent court decisions have created some chinks in... 2011  
Lori Murphy Enough Rope: Why United States v. White Plume Was Wrong on Hemp and Treaty Rights, and What it Could Cost the Federal Government 35 American Indian Law Review 767 (2010-2011) We have lived in poverty for so many years that it seems to be an accepted way of life. . . . We have to assert our sovereignty. Alex White Plume, Oglala Lakota It was on the Pine Ridge Reservation of the Oglala Sioux Nation that the U.S. army fired thousands of shots into four hundred Lakota people - mostly families - in December of 1890. This... 2011  
Rahim Moloo, Justin Jacinto Environmental and Health Regulation: Assessing Liability under Investment Treaties 29 Berkeley Journal of International Law L. 1 (2011) In 2009, an American investor initiated a North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) arbitration, Dow AgroSciences LLC v. Government of Canada, based on the theory that Québec's banning of pesticides containing an ingredient produced by the investor, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), violated the investor's right to fair and equitable... 2011  
Robert J. McCarthy Executive Authority, Adaptive Treaty Interpretation, and the International Boundary and Water Commission, U.s. -- Mexico 14 University of Denver Water Law Review 197 (Spring, 2011) L1-2INTRODUCTION . R3198. A. An Anachronistic Agency. 198 B. Can't See the Statutes for the Treaties. 201 C. Gross Mismanagement, Imminent Catastrophe, and Plausible Deniability. 203 D. Executive Authority and Adaptive Treaty Interpretation. 206 II. THE BOUNDARY AND WATER TREATIES. 207 A. Treaty Sources. 207 B. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and... 2011  
David S. Rosettenstein Exit Costs - a New Paradigm for the Treatment of International Conflicts over Matrimonial Property Regimes? 63 Oklahoma Law Review 751 (Summer, 2011) [To] assume a closed society is to make an abstraction which takes us (conceptually) too far away from actual societies. The significance of the state as a form of social order with the power to open and close its borders . . . makes it tempting to assume that societies can be divided along and distinguished using national boundaries. But the world... 2011  
James Thuo Gathii Food Sovereignty for Poor Countries in the Global Trading System 57 Loyola Law Review 509 (Fall 2011) I would like to thank the Colloquia Committee of Loyola University College of Law for inviting me to give this year's Brendan Brown Lecture. I am honored to join a very distinguished list of prior lecturers. My lecture was inspired by my visit to the South Pacific on a United Nations mission in the summer of 2010. I travelled to Fiji, Vanuatu, and... 2011  
Maggie Ellinger-Locke Food Sovereignty Is a Gendered Issue 18 Buffalo Environmental Law Journal 157 (2010-2011) C1-3Table of Contents L1-2Abstract . R3158. I. Introduction. 158 II. Legal Regimes. 162 A. Green Revolution. 163 B. United States. 166 1. History. 166 2. Regulatory Framework. 167 C. International Regimes. 169 D. Farmers' Rights. 173 III. Food Security, Right to Food, Food Sovereignty. 175 A. Food Security. 176 B. The Right to Food. 179 C. Food... 2011  
Michael Gutman Foreign Sovereign Immunity: Is the Fsia Ineffective, or Is it Politics as Usual?, Samantar v. Yousuf, 130 S. Ct. 2278 (2010) 23 Florida Journal of International Law 125 (April, 2011) Petitioner, Mohamed Ali Samantar (Samantar), was a high-ranking government official in Somalia in the early 1980s, and served as its Prime Minister from 1987 to 1990. In 2004, Respondents, native Somalians and members of the Isaaq clan, filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia pursuant to the Torture Victim... 2011  
Alison McCormick From Sovereignty to Responsibility: an Emerging International Norm and its Call to Action in Burma 18 Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 563 (Winter, 2011) [O]ur struggle for democracy is a struggle for our everyday life. This, in the words of long-detained pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi, describes the isolated pariah state of Burma. Under brutal military rule since 1962, Burma is still desperately trying to change its deplorable circumstances through the leadership of Suu Kyi, but continues... 2011  
Madeline Gallo From Wood Treatment to Unequal Treatment: the Story of the St. Regis Superfund Site 29 Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice 175 (Winter 2011) The occupants of a neighborhood in Cass Lake, Minnesota await a cleanup of contamination left by the St. Regis Paper Company wood treatment plant (the St. Regis Site), which was closed over twenty years ago. Residents close to the plant are exposed to an increased risk of cancer and other diseases due to unsafe levels of pentachlorophenol, dioxin,... 2011  
Karl Jacoby, Brown University Gelya Frank and Carole Goldberg, Defying the Odds: the Tule River Tribe's Struggle for Sovereignty in Three Centuries, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2010. Pp. Xiv + 410. $65.00 (Isbn 978-0300120165) 29 Law and History Review 654 (May, 2011) This work represents an unusual collaboration between an anthropologist (Gelya Frank) and a legal scholar (Carole Goldberg). Of the two authors, it is Frank who might best be considered the originator of the project, as she possesses the most prolonged experience with the Tule Lake Tribe, with whom she has worked in various capacities for... 2011 Yes
Elena Schwieger Getting to Stay: Clarifying Legal Treatment of Improper Adoptions 55 New York Law School Law Review 825 (2010/2011) Intercountry adoption cases often encounter legal and procedural irregularities. While some irregularities are intentional violations of intercountry adoption policies and national laws, many are unintentional mistakes arising from inaccuracies or inconsistencies common when working with international--and especially developing world--governments... 2011  
Lee C. Baxter Gonzales v. City of Bozeman: the Public Duty Doctrine's Unconstitutional Treatment of Government Defendants in Tort Claims 72 Montana Law Review 299 (Summer 2011) With the ratification of its Constitution in 1972, Montana became the first and only state in the Union to abolish sovereign immunity through constitutional fiat. This enactment meant government entities in Montana were no longer immune from negligence suits. If a government actor injured an individual, the individual could gain redress. However,... 2011  
Justin B. Richland Hopi Tradition as Jurisdiction: on the Potentializing Limits of Hopi Sovereignty 36 Law and Social Inquiry 201 (Winter, 2011) In this article I reconsider Hopi tradition as jurisdiction--reflexive moments of Hopi legal discourse that orient to the limits of Hopi sovereignty, even as they presuppose its power. 1 explore these themes in two significant moments of Hopi political history. First, I consider the uses of tradition in the creation of the contemporary Hopi tribe... 2011  
Soji John Improper Seizures by Sovereigns at Customs: Limiting Ec 1383/2003 Through the Effects Principle 3 George Mason Journal of International Commercial Law 79 (Fall, 2011) On several recent occasions, European Union (EU) (formerly the European Community (EC)) customs officials seized generic pharmaceuticals at Union ports that non-EU manufacturers sought to transship to non-EU markets. In order to secure the release of these drugs, the manufacturers have had to recall the shipments rather than sending them... 2011  
Lucas B. Shaw, Robert D. Morgan Inmate Attitudes Toward Treatment: Mental Health Service Utilization and Treatment Effects 35 Law and Human Behavior 249 (August, 2011) Abstract This study examined inmate attitudes toward treatment, mental health treatment utilization, and treatment effects that maximize treatment effectiveness. Participants consisted of 278 incarcerated male adult offenders from the Kansas Department of Corrections. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that inmate attitudes toward... 2011  
Nathaniel Vargas Gallegos International Agricultural Pragmatics: an Inquiry of the Orthodox Economic Breakdowns and an Evaluation of Solutions with the Food Sovereignty Movement 16 Drake Journal of Agricultural Law 429 (Fall, 2011) I. Introduction. 430 II. History, Treaties, and Organizations. 433 A. The 1948 UDHR Forward. 433 B. The Bretton Woods System. 436 C. World Trade Organization. 439 D. FAO & IFAD. 440 III. Economics and the Issues. 442 A. IFAD's Limitation to Development. 443 B. The FAO's Limitation on Agricultural Reform. 444 C. The U.S. and Food Security's... 2011  
Andrew W. Miller Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska v. Salazar: Sovereign Immunity as an Ongoing Inquiry 7 Seton Hall Circuit Review 409 (Spring, 2011) In 1996, the United States Congress passed Public Law 98-602, which appropriated $100,000 to the purchase of real property on behalf of the Wyandotte Tribe (the Tribe). The Tribe intended to use these funds to acquire a parcel of land in downtown Kansas City, Kansas, (the Shriner Tract or the Tract) with the purpose of building and operating... 2011 Yes
Chad Zadrazil Ireland and the Eu: How Ireland's Evolving Concerns about Sovereignty May Hold the Fate of the European Union 29 Wisconsin International Law Journal 170 (Spring 2011) This comment analyzes the development of the Republic of Ireland's unique and disproportionate significance concerning the European Union's constitutional ambitions. It argues that despite Ireland being one of the smallest member states of the European Union, its evolving concerns about sovereignty and unique legal requirements have given Ireland... 2011  
Marnie E. Rice, Grant T. Harris , Mental Health Centre Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada Is Androgen Deprivation Therapy Effective in the Treatment of Sex Offenders? 17 Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 315 (May, 2011) We review the effects of androgen deprivation on the sexual behavior of human males. Although eunuchs have existed in many cultures over the last 4,000 years, there is scant detailed and specific information in the historical record about castration status and sexual behavior. From the literature on modern-day eunuchs who are not sex offenders, we... 2011  
Rebecca Crootof Judicious Influence: Non-self-executing Treaties and the Charming Betsy Canon 120 Yale Law Journal 1784 (May, 2011) Despite their seeming impotency, non-self-executing treaties play an important role in domestic jurisprudence. When a statute permits more than one construction, judges have a number of interpretive tools at their disposal. One of these is the Charming Betsy canon, which encourages judges to select an interpretation of an ambiguous statute that... 2011  
Gavin Clarkson , Jim Sebenius Leveraging Tribal Sovereignty for Economic Opportunity: a Strategic Negotiations Perspective 76 Missouri Law Review 1045 (Fall, 2011) I. Introduction. 1046 II. A Brief History of Indian Law and Policy. 1048 A. Early Pequot History. 1049 B. Tribes as Separate Sovereigns. 1051 C. Self Determination and Tribal-State Compacting. 1056 1. Education. 1060 2. Law Enforcement. 1063 3. Taxation. 1064 4. Hunting and Fishing. 1065 D. Rationale for Compacting. 1067 III. A Brief History of... 2011 Yes
Dr. Thomas White, J.D., Ph.D. Limitations Imposed on the Dual Sovereignty Doctrine by Federal and State Governments 38 Northern Kentucky Law Review 173 (2011) Because the dual sovereignty doctrine permits multiple prosecutions of an individual by state and federal governments for essentially the same conduct, the increasing federalization of criminal law has marginalized much of the double jeopardy protection afforded by the Constitution. The Supreme Court's admonitions to the federal government to... 2011  
P.G. McHugh, Sidney Sussex College, University of Cambridge Lisa Ford, Settler Sovereignty: Jurisdiction and Indigenous People in America and Australia, 1788-1836. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2010. Pp. 324. $49.95 (Isbn 878-0-674-03565-2) 29 Law and History Review 313 (February, 2011) Lisa Ford has written an important and readable history of the role of law in the transition from an imperial setting to an early national one in which the authority of the Anglo settler polity is consolidating and intensifying its juridical command over its territory and inhabitants. The settings are the state of Georgia and the British colony of... 2011  
Penny M. Venetis Making Human Rights Treaty Law Actionable in the United States: the Case for Universal Implementing Legislation 63 Alabama Law Review 97 (2011) Introduction. 98 I. Human Rights Treaties Ratified by the United States Are Not Enforceable. 99 A. American Exceptionalism. 99 B. U.S. RUDs to Human Rights Treaties Have Attracted Considerable Criticism Globally and Domestically. 103 C. Non-Self-Executing RUDs to Human Rights Treaties Have Attracted the Most Criticism. 106 D. Medellín v. Texas:... 2011  
Katherine Florey Making Sovereigns Indispensable: Pimentel and the Evolution of Rule 19 58 UCLA Law Review 667 (February, 2011) Though Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 19 might appear to be one of the more esoteric of the Federal Rules, it is actually an exceptionally powerful device: It permits defendants to obtain dismissal of cases over which the court has valid jurisdiction, even when no other forum exists in which the action can be brought. This Article argues that,... 2011  
Kyle Hatton , Katharina Pistor Maximizing Autonomy in the Shadow of Great Powers: the Political Economy of Sovereign Wealth Funds 50 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law L. 1 (2011) Sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) have received a great deal of attention since they appeared as critical investors during the global financial crisis. Reactions have ranged from fears of state intervention and mercantilism to hopes that SWFs will emerge as model long-term investors that will take on risky investments in green technology and... 2011  
Susan E. Hauser More than Abstract Justice: the Defense of Marriage Act and the Equal Treatment of Same-sex Married Couples under Section 302(a) of the Bankruptcy Code 85 American Bankruptcy Law Journal 195 (Summer 2011) [C]ities, states and the Federal Government must exercise their powers so as not to discriminate between their inhabitants except upon some reasonable differentiation fairly related to the object of regulation. This equality is not merely abstract justice. Section 302(a) of the Bankruptcy Code allows an individual debtor and his or her spouse to... 2011  
William L. Saunders Neither by Treaty, Nor by Custom: Through the Doha Declaration, the World Rejects Claimed International Rights to Abortion and Same-sex Marriage, Affirming Traditional Understandings of Human Rights 9 Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 67 (Winter, 2011) Introduction. 68 I. Emerging Trends in Public International Law. 73 A. Treaty and Custom. 73 B. Two Views on Determining What Constitutes Customary International Law: The Classical and the Bold. 77 II. International Law and Life, Marriage, and the Traditional Family. 82 A. The Language of the Foundational Human Rights Documents. 82 B. Opposition:... 2011  
Jenifer Mackby Nonproliferation Verification and the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 34 Fordham International Law Journal 697 (April, 2011) INTRODUCTION. 697 I. PREVIOUS EFFORTS. 701 II. VERIFICATION OF THE CTBT. 707 III. PROPONENTS AND OPPONENTS OF THE TREATY. 716 IV. THE SCOPE OF THE TREATY. 719 V. BRIEF HISTORY OF NUCLEAR TESTING. 723 VI. HOW MUCH VERIFICATION?. 724 VII. ENTRY INTO FORCE. 726 CONCLUSION. 732 2011  
Charles J. Moxley Jr. , John Burroughs , Jonathan Granoff Nuclear Weapons and Compliance with International Humanitarian Law and the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty 34 Fordham International Law Journal 595 (April, 2011) INTRODUCTION. 598 I. INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW . 602 A. Nuclear Weapons Facts Relevant to the Application of International Humanitarian Law. 603 B. Scope of International Humanitarian Law. 606 C. Main Corpus of International Humanitarian Law. 609 D. Applicability of International Humanitarian Law to Nuclear Weapons. 610 E. Summary of the Main... 2011  
Bryce P. Harp One Nation? Reexamining Tribal Sovereign Immunity in the Modern Era of Self-determination 46 Tulsa Law Review 449 (Spring 2011) The concept of sovereign immunity is a remnant of early English common law. Under this doctrine, the King is immune from suit because the [K]ing can do no wrong. This concept still survives today, though abrogated to some degree by the federal government and most state and local governments, in the form of tribal sovereign immunity. Similar to... 2011 Yes
Valerie K. Mitchell Protecting Non-us Citizens from Removal Terminating Hiv/aids Treatment 34 Fordham International Law Journal 1620 (June, 2011) INTRODUCTION. 1621 I. REMOVAL OF NON-CITIZENS WITH HIV/AIDS AND INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE. 1626 A. The HIV/AIDS Epidemic. 1627 B. International Documents. 1631 C. D. v. United Kingdom. 1634 D. N. v. United Kingdom. 1637 E. Andrea Mortlock. 1639 II. PROTECTIONS FROM REMOVAL OF NON-US CITIZENS WITH HIV/AIDS. 1644 A. Obstacles to US Citizenship. 1645 B.... 2011  
Erin Creegan Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Treatment of Terrorist Combatants (Protocol Iv)--a Proposal 41 California Western International Law Journal 345 (Spring 2011) I. Introduction. 346 II. The Law of Armed Conflict and the Geneva Conventions. 349 A. The Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Precursors. 350 B. The Additional Protocols. 360 III. Terrorism and the Law of Armed Conflict. 366 A. The Problem of Military Engagement with Terrorists. 366 B. Legal Confusion. 371 IV. A New Law of War for a New Age. 375... 2011  
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